FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
32V> 
261. Iniistius pavoninus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Plate XLII and Fig. 139. 
Head 3 in length; depth 2.5; eye 6.5 in head; snout 2; maxillary 3.4; preorbital 2.3; interorbital 
5; D. ii-vii, 12; A. m, 12; scales 3-27-9. 
Body short, deep, and greatly compressed; head deeper than long; caudal peduncle very short 
and deep, its length 3 in head, its depth 2.2; snout very short and blunt, the anterior profile almost 
vertical from tip of jaws to front of eyes, thence, in a sharp curve to origiu of dorsal, from which line 
the dorsal and ventral out lines are about equally curved to caudal peduncle; snout and anterior profile 
very trenchant; mouth small, nearly horizontal, the maxillary reaching vertical of anterior edge of 
orbit; mandible strong, the lower edge compressed and convex; a pair of strong curved canines on 
front of each jaw, back of which are smaller teeth; each side of jaw with short conic teeth; preorbital 
nearly vertical and very deep; interorbital high, very convex and very trenchant; preopercle and 
opercle smooth, their edges thin and flexible; anterior 2 spines of dorsal detached, placed upon occiput 
over posterior line of orbit, the first spine produced and filamentous, its length 1.9 in head, both spines 
very soft and flexible, other dorsal spines rather short and flexible, their length less than gape of 
Fro. 139 . — Tuiisliiis pavoninus (Cuvier A Valenciennes). Type of /. kurozonns Jenkins. Tin* first anal ray in figure should 
be a spine. 
mouth; dorsal rays somewhat longer, 3.2 in head; anal similar to soft dorsal, the rays of about equal 
length, about 2.6 in head; ventrals with outer ray produced, nearly reaching origin of anal, their 
length 1.6 in head; pectoral short, reaching a vertical at vent, the length 1.7 in head; scales large, 
smooth, thin, and adherent, those on breast slightly reduced; head naked, except sometimes a few 
small scales below eye; lateral line ascending for 3 scales, then continuing approximately straight to 
scale under last anal ray but 2, where it drops 3 rows and continues on 5 scales to base of caudal. 
Color in life of a male (No. 03484) 14 inches long, olive green, with 3 dark cross-shades narrower 
than the interspaces; first band with each scale below level of eye edged with bright blue, a black 
crescent above, edged in front with light blue; in second band most of the scales below level of eye 
edged with bright blue, 3 of them with black; in the third band some scales edged with pale blue; 
first interspace with a quadrate sjfot of golden white; middle line of forehead, chin, and throat violet, 
this color varying in shade and edged on each side with light orange; an oblique band on cheek anil 
whole opercular region golden olive, with oblique violet lines and dots; first dorsal dull violet; second 
