FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
333 
between the latter when the mouth is closed; gillrakers moderate; gggudobranchiie developed; head 
naked except a series of 6 scales, which descends obliquely forward from the postorbital though not to 
center of eye in the vertical, and 2 scales on upper margin of operele; origin of dorsal slightly pos¬ 
terior to median vertical keel of preopercle, the first 2 dorsal spines sharp, tip of first ending in a 
short filament, and about the same height as spines which succeed them, the latter being rather strong, 
firm, and not sharp; dorsal rays longer than the spines, the last ray, when depressed, reaching base of 
caudal; caudal rounded; anal similar to dorsal, its origin under the first dorsal ray, third anal spine 
longest; pectoral 1.75 in head, its origin below center of body and above origin of ventral; innermost 
ventral ray joined to body by a membrane; tips of fins not reaching origin of anal, but extending 
beyond tip of pectoral; lateral line concurrent with back, interrupted at the 21st scale. 
General color dull brownish, the fins immaculate; a narrow bluish band from lower anterior por¬ 
tion of eye running downward to behind corner of mouth, parallel with this other vertical lines run¬ 
ning from eye to upper part of head, the one on preopercle broad; the opercles with narrow lines on 
their posterior portion. 
Oahu Island. This species in known to us only from Mr. Fowler’s description. 
Hemipteronotus copei Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sei. Phila. 1900 (Nov. 0, 1900), 508, pi. XX, tig. I, Oahu. 
264. Hemipteronotus umbrilatus Jenkins. Fig. HI. 
Head 3.3 in length; depth 2.8; eye 5.1 in head; snout 2; maxillary 3.5; preorbital 2.7; inter¬ 
orbital 5; D. ii— vii, 12; A. in, 12; scales 3-27-9. 
Body short, deep, greatly compressed; head as deep as long; snout very blunt, the anterior profile 
rising nearly vertically from tip of snout to front of eye, where it makes a sharp curve to nape; body 
Fig. 141 . — Hemipteronotus umbrilatus Jenkins; from the type. 
deepest at base of ventrals, thence tapering gradually to caudal peduncle; mouth horizontal, the jaws 
equal, maxillary not. reaching vertical of anterior edge of orbit; small conic teeth on sides of jaws, a pair 
of enlarged canines in each in front; preorbital nearly vertical and very deep; eye small, high up; pre¬ 
opercle smooth, operele ending in a broad soft flap; caudal peduncle deep, its least depth 2 in head; 
origin of dorsal slightly behind posterior border of orbit; first 2 dorsal spines remote from but con¬ 
nected by low notched membrane with third spine, the detached spines soft and flexible, little pro¬ 
duced, their length equaling gape; remaining dorsal spines low, about equaling length of detached 
portion; dorsal rays subequal, a little longer than spines, 2.75 in head; anal similar to soft dorsal, its 
origin under base of fourth dorsal ray; caudal short, slightly convex, length 2 in head; outer ray of 
ventral somewhat produced, not reaching vet.', its length 1.75 in head; pectoral somewhat longer 
than ventrals, reaching vent, its length 1.4 in head; scales large, thin, and firm, those on breast some- 
