FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
405 
blackish, but the rest of the crescent with ;i band of yellowish-green about as wide as pupil, the edge 
tipped with white; dorsal black, with white stripe on distal portion extending from first ray to end of 
fin, outside of which is a very narrow black stripe, the edge narrowly tipped with white; dorsal spines 
black, the membranes black except edge of last 3 membranes which is whitish. An example (No. 
011505), taken at Honolulu July 27, had the body dark brown; an orange-yellow line from eye to 
angle of mouth; lips orange; line on breast and belly orange; postocular region and between eyes 
somewhat yellowish, anal plates orange, the interspace white, the spines brownish; dorsal fin black, a 
bright blue line on body at base, a narrow white line near margin, the edge black; caudal dirt brown, 
a subterminal yellowish-green crescent; anal orange on outer half, shading to yellow on inner third; 
centrals orange; pectoral dirt brown. 
Another example (No. 03493) had color in life olivaceous, blackish above, a golden patch about 
and behind eye, a golden line thence forward and down to angle of mouth, joining the white edge of 
opercle and the orange jaws, a pale blue stripe at base of dorsal, fin black with broad white Upper part 
and some yellowish streaks on the white, edge blackish; caudal spines deep orange; caudal blackish- 
olive, edged with olive within and then white; anal yellowish-olive, then bright orange, its edge black, 
tipped with white; ventrals dirty orange; pectoral olive and black. 
The colored plate in Gunther’s Fische der Siidsee belongs to ( 'ullicanthus gurretti (Seale). We have 
both garreUi and lituratus from Samoa, but can not decide whether they are really distinct species. The 
blue line at base of dorsal is characteristic of liturutus. It is wanting in garretli. If garretli is valid we 
have specimens from Hawaii. 
This appears to be one of the most common fishes of this family among the Hawaiian Islands, 
though it has been previously recorded only by Gunther, Steindachner, and Jenkins. It is a species 
of wide distribution, ranging from the Red Sea throughout Polynesia. Gunther recorded it from 
Tahiti, Aueityum, Malayan Archipelago, Red Sea, and the Hawaiian Islands, and Quoy and Guimard 
from Guam. 
It is represented in our collections by 2G specimens from Honolulu (7 obtained by Jenkins, 1 by 
Wood, and 3 by the Albatross in 1896), 1 from Honuapo, Kona, and 3 from Hilo. Others are in the 
AlbutrOSs collections from Honolulu and Puako Ray. Our 30 examples are 5 to 12.25 inches long. 
Known also from Johnston Island. 
Acuuthnrus liturutus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Iehth., 216, 1801, no locality; after Forster. 
Acantkunis fiurpurus Shaw, Gen. Zool., IV, 381, 1803, Indian Seas. 
Aspisurus carolinarum Quoy A Guimard. Vov. de 1' Uranic, Zool., 375, pi. 63. tig. 1. 1824, Guam. 
Aspisurus clcuans Kuppcll, Atl. Reis. Ndrdl. Af. Fisch., 61, taf. 16, lig. 2. 1X28, Red Sea. 
1‘rionunts enume Lesson, Yoy. Coquille, Zool., II, 151, 1830, Tahiti. 
Nasem lituralus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, llist. Nat. I'uis' , A, 282,1835 iTahiti: New Ireland: Ulea; Gulf of Sue/; Isle of 
France); Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, IV, 12-1. pi. i.xxxn, 1875 (Society and Sandwich islands:: smith A Swain, 
Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., V, 139, 1882 (Johnson Island); Steindachner, Decks. Alt. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 495, 4900 
(Honolulu). 
Hnrpurus lituratus, Forster, Descript. Animal., 21S; Forster in Cuvier .v Valenciennes, Hist, Nat. Poiss., X, 2S2, 1835. 
Xuscus rarolinarum, Cuvier A Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X. 287. 1835 (Guam). 
Aspisurus lituratus, Rvippell, None Wirbelthiere, Fisch.. 130, 1S38. 
Monoccrus liturutus, Seale, Occasional Papers Bishop Museum, Yol. 1, No. 3, 113, 1901 (Agana, Guam). 
Calliranthits liturutus, Jenkins, Bull. Ik S. Fish Comm.. XXII. 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 481 (Honolulu); Snyder, I. c. (Jan. 19, 
1904), 531 (Honolulu; Puako Bay, Hawaii). 
* Menace ms punrtti Seale. Oec. Papers Bishop Mus.,Vol. I. No. 3,112. 1901, Agana, Guam. (Type. No.210, It. P. It. M. full. 
A. Seale.) 
330. Callicauthus metoposophron Jenkins. Fig. 178. 
Head 4 in length; depth 2.5; eye 3.5 in head; snout 1.9; interorbital 3; D. vi, 29; A. it, 30. 
Body rather oblong, greatly compressed, the greatest depth under last dorsal spine; anterior dorsal 
profile Strongly and evenly convex from tip of snout to about fourth dorsal ray, entirely without horn 
or protuberance of any kind, thence less convex to caudal peduncle; ventral outline similar, hut less 
convex; snout rather short; mouth small, horizontal, slightly below axis of body; teeth small, slender, 
close-set, and pointed, not serrulate, in a single series in each jaw; a short lunate groove in front of 
eye, its length equaling that of maxillary; gill-opening long and oblique, the lower arm extending far 
forward, the upper end on a level with lower edge of orbit and directly above upper base of pectoral; 
interorbital space moderately broad, the 2 sides meeting at a broad, rounded angle. Entire body and 
bead finely granulated or velvety; each side of caudal peduncle with 2 weak, keeled horny plates, the 
