FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 437 
Paradiodon novemmaculatus, Bleeker, Allas Iehth., V, 57, pi. 206, fig. 3,1865 (Priamnn, Sumatra; Batu; Nias: Singapore: 
Badjoa, Manado, Celebes; Ivajeh-, Buro; Amboyna: New Guinea). 
Paradiodon quadrimaculatus, Bleeker. op. eit., 58 pi. 212, fig. 2,1865 (Lawajong, Solor. Amboyna). 
Diodon maculatus Gunther, Cat., VIII, 307, 1870, St. Croix, Jamaica, Panama, South America, Sandwich Islands, China, 
Sooloo Sea, Indian Ocean, East Indies, Amboyna, Cape of Good Hope, Bourbon, Formosa; Steindaehner, 
Denks. Ak. Wiss. Wien, LXX, 1900, 518 (Laysan). 
Diodon kolacanthns, Jordan and Evermann, Fish. North A Mid. Amer., II, 1716, 1898 (La Paz). 
360. Diodon hystrix Linmcus. Fig. 192. 
Head 2.9; deptli 4; eye 4.5; snout 2.5; preorbital 4; interorbital 1.4; width of head 1.1; width of 
body at, base of pectorals 1.1; D. 12; A. 12; C. 10; I'. 23. 
Body stout and heavy forward, tapering posteriorly; anterior profile from tip of snout to inter¬ 
orbital region concave; interorbital very broad and nearly fiat, scarcely convex; eyes large, oblique, 
farther apart posteriorly; mouth broad, its width 3 in head; dental plates strong, the edge blunt and 
rough, not much convex at. middle; gill-opening vertical, short, w ith a broad anterior flap; nostril in a 
short, simple lube with 2 openings, one smaller and more lateral than the other. Body covered with 
strong, sharp, erectile spines, longest in the post-pectoral region, wdiere they equal distance from eye to 
gill-opening; those on nape about 2 in eye; those on belly usually short hut more slender than those 
on back; those on posterior part of back and on tail short and 3-rooted, and therefore not erectile; 
snout naked; sides of caudal peduncle naked; about 6 spines on dorsal side of caudal peduncle back 
of dorsal fin and 2 on ventral surface posterior to anal fin. 
Color in alcohol, light brown, pale or yellowish-white below; entire upper part of head and body 
and also sides covered thickly with small round or roundish black spots, smallest and most numerous 
on snout, fewest on caudal peduncle; belly with a few small dark spots on belly; a broad dark band 
across under side of head, convex forward; fins all profusely marked with small dark spots. 
Occasionally taken among the Hawaiian Islands. We have examined a specimen 20 inches long' 
taken by the Albatross at Honolulu in 1896, one 25 inches long, and another of 10 inches obtained in 
1889 by Doctor Jenkins; and 2 examples 20 and 21 inches long, respectively, secured by us at Honolulu, 
where other examples were collected by the Albatross in 1902. Smith and Swain record it also from 
Johnston Island. 
Diodon hystrix Linn?eus, Syst. Nat., Ed. X, 335, 1758, India (after Artedi); .Smith & Swain. Proc. P. S. Nat. Mils., v, 1882, 
141 (Johnston Island); Jordan & Evermann, Fish. North A Mid. Amer., II. 1745, 1898; Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish 
Comm., XXII, 1902 (Sept. 23, 1903), 489 (Honolulu); Snyder, op. eit. (Jan. 19, 1904), 535 (Honolulfl). 
Diodon atinga , Bloch, Ichthyologie, IV, 75, pi. 125, 1787; not of Linnaeus. 
Diodon plumicri Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., II. 10, pi. 3, fig. 3. 1800. Martinique; on a drawing by Plumier. 
Diodon brachial us Bloch A Schneider, Syst. Iehth.. 513, 1801. 
Diodonpunctatns Cuvier, Mem. Hist. Nat., IV, 132, 1818, no locality. 
Diodon echinus Rafinesque in Bonaparte, Cat. Met. Pise. Eur., 87,1846, Mediterranean; no description. 
Diodonattinga Riippell, Verzeiclrn. Senckcnb. Mus. Samml. Fische, 35,1852. 
Holocanthm hystrix Gray, Cat. Fish, Coll. Gronow, 27, 1854 (African and American oceans). 
Paradiodon hystrix Bleeker, Atlas Iehth., V, 56, pi. 207, fig. 2, 1865 (Batavia, Java; Telokbetong, Sumatra; Batu; Makassar, 
Celebes; Larantuka, Flores: Timor; Ternate; Amboyna; Wahai, Ceram; Banda)? 
? Diodon spinosissinius, Gunther, Cat., Till, 307, 1870 (Cape of Good Hope; Siam). 
