FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
453 
Cirrhitus altcniatiis Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sei. Phila. 1862, 122, Hawaiian Islands (young). 
CirrhUes marmoratus, Bleeker, Verb. Koninkl. Ak. Wet,, XV. 1S75, 3 (Sumatra; Amboyna): Jenkins, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 
XXII. 1902 (Sept, 23. 1903), 491 (Honolulu). Snyder, op. cit. (Jan. 19,1904), 527 i Honolulu: Puako Bay. Hawaii). 
Cirr/iites ( Cirrhitichthys) maculcUus, Steindaehner, Denks Ak. Wiss. Wien. LXX. 1900, 490 (Honolulu; Laysan). 
Suborder LORICATI.—The Mail-Cheeked Fishes. 
This group is distinguished by a single peculiar character, the extension of the third suborbital 
bone across the cheek to or toward the preopercle. From the Craniomi, an offshoot from the same 
group in which the development of the suborbital stay is carried much farther, the present group is 
distinguished by the normal character of the shoulder-girdle. 
Family LXXXIV. CARACANTHID.€. 
This family is closely related to the ijcorpsmidte, from which the species differ in the weak, com¬ 
pressed body and feeble tins. The osteology has not yet been studied. Lower pectoral rays detached. 
Genus 207. CARACANTHUS Kr^yer. 
Head and body very compressed, naked or with small tubercles or prickles; snout very short, 
truncated; no scales; several bones of the head strongly armed; the preorbital and the interopercle 
with a strong spine, directed downward; two separate or continuous dorsals, the first with 8 (7) 
spines, anal with 2; no pectoral filament; centrals rudimentary; villiform teeth in the jaws only; 
branchiostegals 5; no aperture behind the fourth gill. 
Micropus Gray, Zool. Miscl., 20,1831 ( maculatus ); name preoccupied by Micropus Wolf, 1810, a genus of birds. 
Camcantkus Kroyer. Xalurhist. Tidsskr.. I. 1N44, 267 ( typicus). 
Amphiprioniclithys Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., VIII, 1855, 170 lapistus). 
Ccniropiis Kner. S. B. Ak. Wien. 1860, 3 ( stnurophorus ). 
Crossoderma Guiehenot, Nouv. Arch. Mus., V, 1870, 194 ( madcyascaricnsc ). 
a. Dorsal fins separated to the base; reddish brown, with red spots. maculatus, p. 453 
aa. Dorsal fins fully connected; color plain darker brown... unipinna, p. 454 
375. Caracanthus maculatus (Gray). Fig. 198. 
Head 2.75 in length; depth l.S; snout 3.75 in head; eye 4.4; interorbital 5.5; width of mouth 2.5; 
D. vm, 12; A. ii, 12; P. 15; V. l, 2. 
Body deep, elevated, compressed, its greatest depth at ventrals; head deep, compressed; snout 
blunt, steep, rather long; eye small, high, in first third of head; month broad, somewhat low, without 
Fig. 198 .— Caracanthus maculatus (Gray). 
deep lateral cleft; lips thick, fleshy, mandible slightly produced; teeth line, in bands; interorbital 
space convex; nostrils close together in front of eye, each with raised rim; preorbital with large 
pointed spine directed down and backward, depressible in a groove; margin of preopercle with 5 
