FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 
479 
na. Ventrals more or less united. 
e. Inner edge of shoulder-girdle without Haps. 
/. Ventral disk not adnate to body. 
g. Body scaled anteriorly as well as posteriorly. 
ft. Teeth one-rowed, some of them canine-like; scales large. Gobiopterus, p. 482 
ft/s. Teeth in more than one row; usually no canines. 
i. Side of head without scales. 
j. Last dorsal spine not conspicuously distant from those in front of it; dorsal spines 6. 
k. Upper ray of pectoral silk like; anal short, of about 9 rays; middle rays of caudal not greatly pro¬ 
duced, body rather robust . Mapo, p. 483 
kk. Upper ray of pectoral not silk-like: anal long, of about 15 rays; middle rays of caudal greatly pro¬ 
duced; body more elongate; upper teeth one-rowed. Gobiictithys, p. 485 
jj. Last dorsal spine conspicuously distant from those in front of it; body elongate; dorsal spines 7. 
Vitraria, p. 486 
ii. Side of head more or less scaly. 
1. Upper rays of pectoral silk-like, free from rest of tin; scales small..-. . Cluilmydes, p. 485 
U. Upper rays of pectoral not free from rest of tin; scales large .. Gnatholcpi *, p.487 
gg. Body naked anteriorly, a very few scales posteriorly (typically wholly naked) . Kelloggella, p. 488 
Jf. Ventral disk adnate to the belly. 
m. Body covered with small ctenoid scales . Sicydiuni, p. 489 
mm. Body entirely naked .. Lentipes, p. 491 
ee. Inner edge of shoulder-girdle with dermal flaps: body scaly, head naked; tongue adnate). Awaous, p.491 
Genus 230 ELEOTRIS ( Gronow ) Schneider. 
Body long and low, compressed behind; head long, low, flattened above, without spines or crests, 
almost everywhere scalv; mouth large, oblique, lower jaw projecting; lower pharvngeals rather broad, 
the teeth small, bluntish; preopercle with a small concealed spine below, its tip hooked forward; 
branchiostegals unarmed; eyes small, high, anterior; isthmus broad; tongue broad, rounded; post¬ 
temporal bones very strongly divergent, their insertions close together; top of skull somewhat elevated 
and declivous; interorbital area slightly convex transversely; dorsal fins well apart, the first of 5 or 
6 low, flexible spines; ventrals separate; scales moderate, ctenoid, 45 to 80 in a longitudinal series; 
vertebrae (pisonis) ll-t-15. Tropical seas, entering fresh waters. 
Eleotris Gronow. Zooph. 83, 1763 (nonbinomial). 
Eleotris Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 65, 1801 (pisonis). 
Culius Bleeker, Archiv Nderl. des Sc. Soc. Holl., IX, 1874. 303 (fuseus). 
394. Eleotris sandwicensis Vaillant & Sauvage. “ 06pu.” Fig. 210. 
Head 2.7 in length; depth 4.25; eye 7 in head; snout 3.8; interorbital3.25; D. vi, 10; A. n, 8; P.17; 
V. i, 5; scales 70 to 80 20. 
Body elongate, depressed in front, compressed behind, greatest depth about middle ot* belly; head 
elongate, very broad, depressed, its width 1.4 in its length, and its depth 1.65; snout blunt, broad, 
depressed, 3.9 in head; mouth large, oblique, 2.8 in head; lips thick, fleshy; mandible large, slightly 
projecting; teeth fine, sharp-pointed, in rather broad bands in jaws; no teeth on vomer and palatines; 
tongue rather broad, free, truncate; preopercle. with a small curved spine at its angle, forward and 
more or less concealed in the skin; interorbital space broad, flattened; nostrils well separated, ante¬ 
rior in a short tube; eye high, in first third of head, more or less lateral; gill-opening rather large, 
oblique; scales very small, ctenoid, and extending on top of head; no lateral line; dorsal fins well 
separated, fourth dorsal spine longest, 2.5 in head; first dorsal ray 3.65, sixth 2.3; anal inserted a 
little behind origin of soft dorsal, first ray 3.4, seventh 2.1; caudal elongate, middle rays longest, 1.5, 
rounded; pectoral rather broad, short, lower median rays the longest, 1.75; ventral 2.2; caudal pedun¬ 
cle long, compressed, 1.7, its depth 3; anal papilla present. Description from an example (No. 04591) 
taken at Hilo. 
Color in life (No. 03024) dirty brownish throughout, belly paler; fins all dark; soft dorsal nar¬ 
rowly white-edged. 
Color in alcohol dark dusky brown, lower surface pale brown with dusky on lower surface of 
head, 2 blackish streaks across cheek, 1 from lower rim of eye backward ami the other just below; 
fins grayish dusky, upper margin of spinous dorsal whitish; edges of soft dorsal, anal, and caudal 
grayish. 
