ANT 
APE 
enemies; and carefully avoid fallying forth in 
gaudy colours, which might attraft the notice of 
their deftined prey, and warn them of the impend- 
ing danger. 
Antelope, Cervine. This is the bubalus of 
antiquity, and the bckker el wafii of the Arabs ; a 
moft fingular animal, partaking of the mixed na- 
tures of the cow, the goat, and the deer. It relem- 
bles the (lag in the fize and figure of it's body, and 
particularly in the conformation of it's legs; but 
it has permanent horns like thole of the goat, and 
formed entirely like thole of the antelope genus. 
It alfo refembles that animal in it's way of living; 
however, it differs widely from it in the fhape of 
it's head, being exaftly like the cow in the length 
of it's muzzle, and in the difpofition of the bones 
of the fcull, from which fimilitude it received it's 
ancient name. The head of this animal is long 
and narrow; the eyes are placed very high; the 
forehead is fhort and narrow; and the horns, which 
are about a foot long, are black, thick, and an- 
nulated, the rings being remarkably large. It's 
flioulders rife very high, and it has a kind of 
bunch on them, which terminates at the neck; the 
tail meafures about a foot, and is tufted at the 
extremity. The hair of this animal is remarkably 
thicker at the middle than at the root ; for, in all 
other quadrupeds, except this and the elk, the 
hair tapers off" from the bottom to the point; but, 
in thele, every hair feems to fwell in the centre. 
The bubalus refembles the elk as well in fize as 
in the colour of it's fkin; but thefe are the only 
fimilitudes between them, the one having a very 
large branching head of fblid horns, annually de- 
ciduous, while the other has black, unbranching, 
hollow horns, which never fall. The colour of 
this animal is a reddifh brown : but it is white 
^ibout the rump, the inner fide of the thighs, and 
the lower part of the belly; and a dark fpace occu- 
pies the top of the back, the front of the upper part 
of the fore legs, and the hinder part of the thighs, 
it inhabits Barbary, and probably other parts of 
Africa; and is alfo met with towards the Cape 
of Good Hope. It is a gregarious animal; gal- 
lops apparently with a heavy pace, yet making 
amazing progrefs ; and, when it fights, it drops on 
it's knees, like the white-footed antelope, already 
defcribed. 
Antelope, Senegal. The head and body 
of this animal are of a light reddifh brown, with 
a narrow black lift down the hind part of the neck; 
it's rump is of a dirty white; and on each knee, 
and above the fetlock, it has a dufky mark. The 
hoofs are fmall; and the tail, which is covered with 
coarfe black hairs, is about a foot long. It's horns 
are almoft clofe at the bale, but bend outwards very 
confiderably a little above : towards the end they 
approach each other again, receding near the 
points, which bend backwards. In the centre 
they are above fix inches diftant, higher up only 
four, and fix at the extremities. They are feven- 
teen inches long, and eight in circumference at 
the bafe, being furrounded with fifteen prominent 
annulations, v/hich become fmooth and fharp at 
the points. The ears of this creature are feven inches 
long ; and it's head is large and clumfy, meafuring 
about eighteen inches. This ipecies inhabit Sene- 
gal, where the French call it la grande vache brune, 
or great brown cow. 
The petite vache brune of BufFon, called the 
Gambian Antelope by Pennant, nearly refembles 
the former in it's figure and colour, but is in- 
ferior in nze. It's horns are differently conftrufted, 
being thirteen inches long, and five and a half in 
circumference at the bottom; they approximate 
each other at the bafe and extremities, but have a 
confiderable curvature in the middle ; and they are 
furrounded with eight or nine annulations at the 
bafe, but become perfectly fmooth at the extremi- 
ties. 
ANTENNA. See Feelers. 
ANTHIA. A title by which fome naturalifts 
very improperly defcribe the falx venetorum, or 
fickle fifh, a long anguilliform fifh of the taenia 
kind. 
ANTHIAS. The name of a fifh fomewhat 
refembling the turdus or wrafTe family, of which 
fome have defcribed four fpecies; but Linnseus, 
with more propriety, refers it to the labrus. 
ANTHROPOGLOTTUS. An animal en- 
dowed with the power of fpeech like a man, or hav- 
ing a tongue of fimilar formation. Under this 
diftinftion are comprehended the parrot kind, on 
account of their broad, thick, and mufcular 
tongues, by which they are enabled to fpeak, and 
to roll their meat from fide to fide under the edges 
of their bills. 
ANTHROPOMORHPA. In the Linnjean 
fyftem, a clafs of animals in fome degree refem- 
bling the human form; under which defignation this 
author includes apes, monkies, maucaucos, and 
bats. This appellation is derived from Andiropos, 
a Man; and Morphe, a Form. 
ANTHUS. A name by which Aldrovandus, 
and fome other naturalifts, have diftinguifhed that 
fpecies of the oenanthe commonly knov/n in Eng- 
land by the appellation of the v/hin chatt. 
APE. A numerous tribe of animals chiefly 
confined to the torrid zone, which are furniflied 
with hands inft'ead of paws ; their ears, eyes, eye- 
lids, lips, and breafts, are like thofe parts in the 
human race; their internal conformation alfo bears 
fome diftant refemblance to the human ; and their 
whole figure exhibits a pi6lure fufficiently mortify- 
ing to the pride of thofe who make their perfons 
the principal objefts of their admiration. Thefe 
animals have fingers and nails on their hands like 
thofe of a man, hut more rough and unpolifl^ied ; 
their feet are like larger hands, being divided into 
fingers and toes, of which thofe in the middle are 
the longeft. They are alio extremely lively, agile,, 
and full of frolic, chatter, and grimiace ; and, from 
the peculiar ftru6lure of their bodies, they are 
capable of many aftions peculiar to human be- 
ings. They are, in general, fierce and untraft- 
able; though fome of them are of a milder na- 
ture, and will fometimes fhew a confiderable de-. 
gree of attachment, though naturally mifchievous, 
filthy, obfcene, lafcivious, and addifted to thiev- 
ing. They inhabit the immenfe forefts of India;, 
Africa, and America; live in trees; and feed on 
fruits, leaves, and infects. They bound from one 
tree to another v/ith furprizing agility, even when 
loaded with their young, who cling clofely to 
them on every appearance of danger. In general^, 
they are gregarious, living in vaft focieties, but the 
diff^erent fpecies are never found intermixed. They 
are the prey of leopards, and other animals of the 
feline kind; and confiderable numbers of them are, 
frequently devoured by hideous ferpents, which in- 
habit the forefts, and fometimes purfue them to. 
the very fummits of the trees, and fivallow them 
entiie. Though not naturally carnivoious, they- 
will rob the nefts of birds purely for the fake of 
mifchief. 
