BAR 
BAR 
heavy faddles and bridles, as in Europe, nor even 
with fhoes. An Arabian's faddle is only a cloth 
girt round, with a pair of light ftirrups, and a kind 
of pummel to fupport them. 
BARBEL. A kind of fifh which ufually fre- 
quents the deep and ftill parts of rivers, where it 
lives in focieties; and roots, like the hog, with it's 
nofe in the foft banks. It is fo tame, that it fre- 
quently fuffers itfelf to be taken with the hand ; 
and numbers may be caught with great facility in 
diving. In fummer it prowls about in fearch of 
food ; but, in winter, it confines itfelf to the bed of 
the river. 
The Barbel is fometimes found to weigh eigh- 
teen pounds, and to meafure three feet in length. 
It is of a long rounded fhape, and is furnifbed 
with fmall fcales. The head is fmooth; and on 
each corner of the mouth there is a fingle beard, 
another being fituated on each fide of the nofe. 
The dorfal fin is armed with a remarkably ftrong 
Ipine, fharply ferrated, with which it frequently in- 
fii6ls a painful and fevere wound. The fcales are 
of a pale gold-colour, edged with black ; the pec- 
toral fins are of a pale brown ; the ventral and anal 
fins are tipped with yellow; the tail is flightly bifur- 
cated, and of a deep purple; and the belly is wliite. 
This is one of the coarfeft of all frefli- water fifli; 
and is therefore feldom eat but by the poorer fort 
of people, who frequently boil it with bacon, in or- 
der to give it a relifli. The roe is extremely noxi- 
■ous, afi^efting thofe who incautioufly or ignorantly 
cat it, with a naufea, vomiting, and purging, at- 
tended with a tendency to tumifaftion. 
BARBET. A Ceylonefe bird, to which the 
-epithet of red-crowned is generally added, to dif- 
tinguifh it from the yellow-cheeked Barbet, an in- 
habitant likewife of the fame countr}\ The crown 
and throat are of a fine fcarlet colour ; the bill is 
<iufky, and befet with briftles; there is a black line 
above each eye; and on the cheeks, and above the 
tip of each fhoulder, there is a large whitiili fpot. 
■The breaft is yellow, but croffed by one bar of black 
and another of red; the back and coverts of the 
wings are of a fine green; the belly is white; tlie tail 
is green, except the exterior feathers, which are 
brown; and the legs are of a pale red. 
Barbet, Yellow-Cheeked. A Ceylonefe bird, 
the head and neck of which are of a clouded light 
brown colour; the cheeks, round the edges, are 
naked and yellow. The bill is red, and befet with 
briftles; the back is of a pale green colour; the 
coverts of the wings are green, but beautifully 
marked with fmall white fpots in the centre of each 
feather; the primaries are green; and the interior 
edges are dufl<y. The tail and belly are green; 
and the legs are of a kind of olive colour. 
BARBET. A name given by Reaumur, and 
other French naturalifts, to a peculiar fpecies of 
worms which feed on pucerons. * 
This worm is more particularly called Barbet 
blanc, or heriffon blanc, from it's being covered 
with oblong white tufts of filaments, Itanding in the 
manner of the quills of a hedge-hog or porcupine. 
This creature is of the fize of a fmall fly when ftripped 
of it's wings; but the tufted covering fo much in- 
creafes it's apparent magnitude, that it feems as large 
as a horle-fiy. In this form the Barbet lives for 
about a fortnight, and then becomes a chryfalis; 
from which, after the Ipace of a month, proceeds 
a fmall beetle, of the fize of our cow-lady, in gene- 
ral of a dufky brown colour. 
BARBONI. A name frequently given to the 
millus barbatus, a fifh generally caught in the Me- 
diterranean, and efteemed very delicious. 
BARBUS. The claffical name for the barbel, 
called by fome writers muflus fiuviabilis, a fpecies 
of the cyprinus. 
BARGE. A name fometimes given to the 
godwit or ftone-plovcr. 
BARIS. An animal of the monkey kind, de- 
fcribed by La Croix as a native of Sierra Leona. It 
generally walks ere6L; and, when tamed, is capable 
of performing many domeftic offices; fuchas grind- 
ing Indian corn in a mortar, fetching water in ajar, 
and turning a fpit. It feems, however, to be 
merely a fpecies of the ourang-outang, or man of 
the wood. 
BARNACLE. A name frequently given to 
the conchae anatiferje, a kind of fhell fifh fometimes 
found adhering to the bottoms and fides of fhips; 
and, at others, to the fins and tails of whales, in 
certain feas. 
Various fpecies of fliell-fifh are included under 
the name of Barnacles; though fome naturalifts re- 
duce them to two, viz. the balanus, and pinna ma- 
rina. 
BARNACLE. The Barnacle likewife denotes 
a bird of the goole kind, common in the Hebri- 
des; concerning the origin and fpecies of which 
many fitbles have been invented. Ancient cre- 
dulity has reprefented the Barnacles as the prouuce 
of a marine animal, or fea-flaeil ; but modern na- 
turalifts, on better evidence, refer it to the natural 
manner of generation of the feathered kind, mak- 
ing it a real goofe, produced, like others, from an 
egg- . . * 
The Barnacle is likewife fometimes called the 
foland goofe, or anfer Scotticus. Some naturalifts 
erroneoufly maintain that it is the fame with the 
French macreufe, or macrout; and others, that it is 
the fame with the diable de mer. Dr. Robertfon, 
however, marks the diiTerence; defcribing the Bar- 
nacle as of the goole kind; the macreufe, as of the 
duck kind; and the diable de mer, as of the moor- 
hen kind. The fame author endeavours to prove 
that the macreufe is the fame with the fcoter, or 
anas niger minor, defcribed by Ray and Willugh- 
by, in contradi6lion to the opinion of M. Cattier, 
who took it for the greater coot of Bellonius; and 
alfo of others, who miftqok it for the puffin of the 
Scillies and the lile of Man. 
BARNFI ARD. A bird generally feen hovering 
over the watery element, and regarded by mariners 
as aprognoftic of unfavourable weather. It is about 
the fize of a fparrow; it's neck and back are black; 
it's breaft and belly are grey; ic'^ feet aic red; and 
it's bill is black, and fomewhat deprefied. It fwims 
very nimbly along the furface of the water, but the 
place where it breeds is unknown. 
BARRACADA. A fpecies of fifh about fif- 
teen inches long, and three broad . The lower-jaw 
is a quarter of an inch longer than the upper; the 
eyes are two inches diftant from the extremity of 
the fnout; the lower-jaw is furnifhed with very 
frnall teeth ; and the upper with a double row, of 
which the exterior are the fhorteft. The fore-part 
is 'narrow as far as the gills, to vyhich members it 
gradually encreafes; from thence it becomes al- 
moft of an equal thicknefs to the vent, v/here it 
begins to decreafe to the beginning of the tail. 
The colour is dufky on the back, as far as the la- 
teral line, which runs from the head through the 
middle of the fides to the tail; the belly is white; 
and the whole is variegated with fmall black fpots, 
and 
