CAN 
CAN 
the Cancrophaga; the former is found in Guiana, 
and the latter in the Brazils. 
CANDELARIA. A fpecies of infed belong- 
ing to the genus of fulgora, and the order of he- 
miptera in the Linnsean fyftem, 
CANICULA. An appellation ufed by Pliny 
and other hiftorians to exprefs the fifli called lami- 
ola by the Italians. It is the galeus canis of au- 
thors; and, in Cornwall, is called the tape. Artedi 
makes it a fpecies of fquallus, with the noftrils 
placed near the mouth, and fmall foramina near 
the eyes. 
The term Canicula is alfo applied by Ariftotle, 
(and, fmce him, by Rondeletius, Aldrovandus, and 
others) to fignify the catulus. 
CANINANA. An American ferpent, efteem- 
ed one of the moll inoffenfive kind. It grows to 
the length of two feet ■ and is green on the back, 
and yellow on the belly. It feeds on eggs and fmall 
birds. The natives cutoff the head and tail, and 
eat the body as a peculiar delicacy. 
CANINUS SERPENS. A name given by 
fome naturaliils to the mauballa of the Ceyionefe, 
a fnake which flies at every objeft that comes in it's 
way with the fury of an incenfed dog. 
CANIS. In the Linnfean fyftem of zoology, 
^ diftinft and very large genus of animals of the 
order of ferse, and clafs of mammalia, including 
all the dog kind; which this celebrated natura- 
lift only accounts fo many varieties and diftin6t 
Ipecies. 
The chara6l:ers of this genus are; that the feve- 
ral fpecies have fix upper fore-teeth, the lateral ones 
being longeft, and the intermediate ones of a lo- 
bated figure; that there are alfo fix fore-teeth in 
the lower Jaw, of which the lateral ones are lobated; 
that the canine teeth are fingle and incurvated; 
and that the grinders are fix or feven in number. 
The fpecies belonging to this genus are: the 
common dog; the wolf; the hyaena; the fox; the 
alopex; thelagopus; thejackall, or lupus aureus; 
the Mexican dog, or American mountain-cat, widi 
the tail bent downwards, and an alli-coloured body 
variegated with brown and yellow fpots; and the 
thous. 
CANIS CAPvCHARIAS. A name given by 
Rondeletius, and other authors, to that fpecies of 
Ihark called the lamia, or white fhark; and, by 
others, carcharias lamia. 
CANIS GALEUS. A large fifh of the fhark 
■kind. It has three rows of very fliarp teeth; the 
eyes are difproportionably fmall ; and the irides are 
of a fine bright filver-colour, with a call of blue or 
green. It is caught on the Cornifh coafls; and is 
fo extremely fond of human flefh, that it will even 
venture to leap on fhore, in order to acquire it. 
CANIS VOLANS. An animal of the bat or 
vefpertilio kind; diftinguifhed by Linnsus under 
'the appellation of vefpertilio cauda nulla, the bat 
^vithout a tail. 
CANKER-WORM. See Scharab^us. 
CANNEVAROLA. A name given by Al- 
drovandus, and fome other naturaliils, to the lefTer 
Teed-fparrow ; called by others ficedula cannabina; 
and, by Ray, pafTer arundinaceus minor. 
CANOSA. An appellation given by Salvian 
to the fifh called by others canis galeus and muf- 
telus levis. 
CANTHARIS, An infeft of die beetle kind, 
from whence proceed Cantharldes, well known in 
medicine by the name of Spanifh flies, and for 
their ufein blifters. l\hey have feelers like brif- 
tles; dieir wings have flexible cafes; their breafts 
arc pretty plain; and the fides of their bellies are 
corrugated. 
Cantharides differ from each other in their fize, 
fhape, and colour: the largeft are about an inch 
long, and as much in circumference; while othera 
are not above three-quarters of an inch. Some 
are of a pure azure colour, others of a pure gold, 
and fome of a mixture of pure gold and azure: how- 
ever, they are all very brilliant, and extremely beau- 
tiful. 
This infe(ft confifts of four parts; namely, the 
head, the neck or breaft, the body, and the belly. 
The head is fmall in proportion ; but the mouth is 
pretty large; and there are teeth in the jaws, hav- 
ing two forts of articulated pincers, with which it 
grafps it's food, and conveys it to it's mouth. In 
the forehead there are two eyes of a golden colour, 
and a little prominent; and under them there are 
tv/o horns, or feelers, like briftles, pretty long, and 
moveable by means of twelve equal articulations, 
the laft of which terminates in a point. The top 
of the head, v/hich rifes in a bump, is extremely 
fmooth and polifhed, and divided into two parts. 
Inftead of a chin, there is a beard; and the breaft is 
formed of a fingle plate, behind v/hich there are a 
kind of lungs ; and it is conne6led below to the 
firft pair of feet, v/hich are each compofed of three 
parts nearly of the fame length, of which the laft 
has five knotted joints, terminated with tv/o crook- 
ed daws. The cafes of the v/inos are membrana- 
ceous ; conne£ted to the breaft ; and, as it were, 
fliagreened: they are convex above, and hollow 
beneath ; thin, but ftrong, and covering the upper- 
part of the body, to which the two laft pair of feet 
are connefted. The belly confifts of fix large 
rings, which are fmooth, and folded at the fides. 
The body, properly fo called, is compofed of eight 
moveable rings, furrov/ed from end to end. The 
animal is leeming;ly deftitute of hair; but, if exa- 
mined with microfcopical minutenefs, it will be 
found fomewhat hairy, efpecially in the under- 
part. 
The cantharides are bred from worms fhaped 
almoft like real caterpillars. Tliey are chiefly na- 
tives of Spain, Italy, and Portugal; but, in the 
fummer feafon, are alio to be met with near Paris on 
the leaves of the afli, the poplar, and the rofe; as 
well as among wheat, and in the meadows. It is 
very certain that thefe infefts are fo very fond of 
afli-leaves, that they will fometime ftrip thofe trees 
entirely bare. Some naturalifts affirm, that they 
delight in fweet-fcented herbs; and it is evident 
that they are partial to the honeyfuckle, lilac, and 
wild-cherry llirubs; but they are faid to poflefs a 
rooted averfion to elder-trees, nut-trees, and wheat. 
Tlie country people, it is laid, expe6t tiie return 
of thefe infefls every feven years; that at thofc 
fcafons flich numbers of them have been feen fly- 
ing in the air, that they appeared like fvvarms of 
bees; and that their fmell was fo very offenfive, 
as to be perceptible at a confiderable diftance, 
efpecially about fun-fet. This difagreeable fcent, 
howeve>r, is a guide to thofe v/hofe bufinefs it is 
to catch them; and, when caught and dried, they 
become fo lights that fifty of them will hardly weigh 
one drachm. 
Thofe perfons who colleft thefe infefts tie them 
either in a bag, or a piece of .linen cloth that has 
been well worn, and then kill them with the fteam 
of hot vinegar ; after which they are dried, and kept 
in boxes. The flies, thus dried, being chymically 
analized. 
