C A V 
C A V 
which are round, or oval; and the irregular, thofe 
which have fmufes or angles. 
CATTLE. A colledlive term, importing all 
quadrupeds ufed either in tilling the ground or 
as food for the fubfiftence of mankind. 
Under this term Tome naturalifts include all 
quadrupeds of a gregarious nature, as fheep, oxen, 
horfes, and hogs; v,'hile others define it to be all 
thofe tame animals which feed on grafs. 
Cattle, Black. A term frequently ufed to 
exprefs the cow kind ; fometimes alio denominated 
XlCclt C3,ttlc 
CATTUPHUS, or COSSOPHUS. An Arif- 
totelian name for the fifh called merula and turdus 
nigricans by the Latins. It is a fpecies of the la- 
brus, eafily diftinguifhed from all others by it's co- 
lour, and called the blueifh-black labrus by fuch 
naturalifts as acknowledge the genericai name la- 
brus. 
CATULUS. A fea-filh, of which authors de- 
fcribe three fpecies ; viz. the major, the maximus, 
and the minimus. It is properly of the galeus kind ; 
having a variegated fkin; and a large wide mouth, 
furnifned with ftrong teeth, iharp-edged, and hol- 
lowed inwardly. The firft kind is common in the 
Britifh feas, particularly on the coaft of Cornwall ; 
and the two others are generally found in the Me- 
diterranean. 
CATUS PARDUS. An American animal, 
called by fome authors Catus montanus ; and, in 
Englifb, the mountain-cat. In the Linna^an fy- 
ftem, it is a fpecies of the cat calleei felis pardalis. 
See Cat, Mountain. 
CATUS ZIBETHICUS. A name fometimes 
given to the animal which produces tlie perfume 
called civet. 
CAVAGIRO. A Mediterranean fiHi lliaped 
fomewhat like the common eel, but thinner and 
more depreffed. 
CAVALLI-MARINI. A fmall animal, about 
the length of a man's thumb, found on the fea coaft 
near Pozzuoli. The head bears fome refemblance 
to that of a horfe; and the body terminates in a 
tail like that of a fhrimp. It is faid to be effica- 
cious in encreafing the milk of nurfes. 
CAUDISONA VIPERA. A name given by 
fome naturalifts to the rattle-fnake. 
CAUDIVERBA. An animal of the lizard 
kind, called alfo wromafbyx ; but more commonly 
known among authors by the name of cordylus. 
■ CAVIA COB AY A. A name given by the 
Brazilians, and feverai naturalifts, to the creature 
commonly knov/n aniong us by the appellation of 
the Guinea-pig. 
CAURIS, or COWRIES. A genus of ftiells 
called by fome conchologifts porcellana, and con- 
cha venerea. From a mlfe pronunciation of this 
word, thefe Ihells are fometimes called gowries. 
See Porcelain Shell. 
CAVY. A tribe of animals which have two 
cutting teeth in each jaw; four toes on the fore- 
feet, and three behind ; fhort ears ; and very fliort 
tails. They have a flow, creeping pace, are nu- 
merous breeders, and of courfebut fliort lived. 
Cavy, Common. This animal is called in Eng- 
land the Guinea-pig, becaufe it is fuppofed by the 
vulgar to come from that country; and, by Buffon, 
the Indian pig. It's ears are large, broad, and 
rounded at the fides ; it's upper-lip is half divided; 
and it's hair is ereft, fomewhat refembling that of 
a young pig. It is of a white colour, or rather 
white varied with orange and black in irregular 
blotches. It has four toes on the fore-legs, and 
three on the hind; but it has no tail. It is a native 
of Brazil ; but naturalifts have furniflied us with no 
account of it's habits in a ftate of nature. It has 
been domefticated in Europe; and is a reftiefs, 
grunting little animal, continually running frora 
place to place, and from corner to corner. It feeds 
on bread, vegetables, and grains. It is extremely 
prolific, breeding almoft every two months, and 
bringing forth from four to twelve at a time: but 
numbers of the young are deftroyed by cats ; others 
are killed by the males ; and the cold of this cli- 
mate proves fatal to many more. 
The flefli of this animal is by fome efteemed 
delicious; but it rarely compofes any part of the 
viands of the inhabitants of this country. 
Cavy, Rock. This animial, which is about- 
a foot long, has a divided upper lip; fliort ears; four 
toes on the fore- feet, and three on the hind; and, 
like the common Cavy, is deftitute of a tail. The 
upper part of the body is of the colour of the com- ■ 
mon hare; and the belly is white. 
The Rock Cavy is a native of Brazil, and takes 
up it's refidence in the holes of rocks. It's paces 
refemble thofe of a hare; it is hunted by little dogsj 
and it's flefli is fuperior in flavour to that of our 
rabbits. 
Cavy, Patagonian. This fpecies has long 
ears, much dilated near the bottom; the upper lip 
is divided; and on each fide of the nofe there are 
tufts of foft hairs, and long whifkers. The face, 
back, and fore-parts of the legs, are cinereous; the 
breaft and fides are tawny; the belly is of a dirty 
white; the rump is black; the legs are very longj 
the claws are ftraight and black; and the tail is ex- 
tremely fliort. 
This animal, which grows to a confiderable fize,- 
is found in great plenty near Port Defire, in Pata- 
gonia. It burrows in the earth like the rabbit; 
and it's flefh, which is of a fnowy whitenefs, has 
an. excellent flavour. 
Cavy, Spotted. This animal, which is about 
ten inches long, is formed like a pig; and is by 
fome authors called the hog-rabbit. It has five toes 
on each foot, and only the mere rudiments of a tail. 
The upper jaw is longer than the lower; the ears are 
fliort and naked ; it has long whiflcers ; the upper 
part of the body is of a dark brown colour; the 
fides are marked lengthwifewith lines of greylpots; 
and the belly is white. 
This creature is found in Brazil and Guiana; and 
chiefly frequents fenny places, where it burrows 
under ground. It grunts like a pig, and bites fe- 
verely. It grows very fat; and in Brazil it is efteemed 
a peculiar delicacy. According to Dampier, a va- 
riety of this fpecies is found on the banks of the 
River St. Francis, entirely of a white colour. 
Cavy, Long-Nossd. This animal, which is 
about the fize of a rabbit, has a long nofe, a divided 
upper lip, fliort rounded ears, and black eyes. The 
hair is hard and fhining, compofed of a mixture of 
red, brown, and black ; beineof a bright orange 
colour on the rump, and yelral^ on the belly. It 
has black flender legs, four toes on the fore-feet, 
three on die hind, and a fliort naked tail. 
This creature is alfo a native of Brazil and Gui- 
ana ; and is a very voracious little animal. It grunts 
like a pig; and, refting on it's hind-legs, holds it's 
food with it's fore-feet when it eats, and conceals 
what it cannot devour. It runs very faft, it's mo- 
tions refembling thofe of a hare. When purfued, 
it ufually takes fhelter in a hollow- tree; and, when 
irritated. 
