CH A 
ctmofc avidity, and foon marks it's fituatlon by the 
quantity of huflcs which it ftrews all around it. 
CHANE. An Ariftotelian appellation for the 
fifli called by other authors hiatula^ chauna, and 
chaunus. It is a genuine fpecies of the labrus; and 
is diftinguiflied by Artedi under the name of the 
fork-tailed labrus with the lower jaw longer than 
the upperj and with black tranfverfe lateral lines. 
CHANNA. A Mediterranean fifh very like the 
fea-pcrches, among which it is frequently expofed 
ro fale in the Italian markets. 
It is faid that, among all fifh of this kind wliich 
have been examined by naturalifts ever fince Ari- 
ftotle's time, none but females have been foupxd. 
Whether diis affertion be true or falle, it is perhaps 
■ very difficult to dt^termine; and, fhould it be prov- 
ed in the affirmative, the only conclufion which 
could be drawn from it is this, that the Channa 
is no diftinft fpecies, but only the female of fome 
other fifh. 
CHANNADELLA.. A name given by Bel- 
lonius, and fom.e other authors, to a fpecies of the 
labrus, called alfo fachettus, and hepatus pifcis. 
CHAR. This firti inhabits the lakes of the 
north, as well as thofe of the mofc mountainous 
parts of Europe. It fnews aftrong predile£lion"for 
clear and pure waters; and is feldom known to 
wander into running ftreams, except their bottoms 
are fimilar to thofe of it's native lakes. It is found 
in great abundance in the cold bodies of water on the 
fummits of the Lapland Alps ; and is almoft the only 
fifh which is m.et with in any plenty in thofe inho- 
fpitable regions. There are but few lakes in Great 
Britain which produce this curious fifh; and, 
even where the breed is preferved, it never becomes 
numiCrous. It is found in Winander Mere,in Well- 
morland; in Llyn Quellyn, near the foot of Snow- 
don, in Wales ; and in Loch Inch, and other neigh- 
bouring lakes, in Scotland; but whether it is found 
in Ireland or not, we are not competent to deter- 
mine. Mention has been made by naturalifts of 
the cafe Char, the red Char, the filver or gilt Char, 
and the gelt Char; but, on a clofe examination of 
each variety, it has been impoffible to difcover any 
fpecific difference fufficient to conflitute fo many 
diilinft fpecies. 
The body of the Char is longer and more (len- 
der than that of the trout; the back is of an olive 
colour, fpeckled with whitifh fpots; the belly is 
generally red, efpecially in the females ; the fcales 
are very fmall; and the lateral lines are flraight. 
The mouth is wide; the jaws are nearly equal; the 
lower parts of the fins are of a verm.ilion dye ; and 
the gills are quadruple. The Char is furniflied 
with teeth both in the jaws and on the tongue, and 
in the upper-jaw it has a double row. This fifli 
is very fcarce, and it's flefh is foft and tender; on 
both which accounts it is in high eftimation. 
Char, Gelt, oPv Barren Char. This fpecies 
differs principally from the former in not having 
(pawned the precedjjli feafon. It is more flencier 
than the red Char ;^me back is of a glofTy hue ; the 
fides are filvery, mixed with blue; the belly is fpot- 
ted with pale red ; the fides of the belly are of 
a pale red ; and the middle is white. This variety 
is found only in thofe lakes v/hich are inhabited by 
the red Char. 
CHARADRIUS. The name by which Gef- 
ner and Aldrovandus have called the cedicnemus, 
a bird known in England by the title of the flone 
curlew. The term Charadrius is alfo applicable, in 
the Linnteanfyilem of zoology, to adillind genus 
C H A 
of birds 6f the order of gralfe: the dlflinguifhing 
charaflers of which are; that the feet have each three 
toes, that the point of the bill is cylindrical and 
obtufe, and that the noftrils are linear. There are 
twelve fpecies of this genus. 
CHARAX. An appellation given by feveral 
Greek writers to the fifh called carafTius by the 
moderns. It is properly a fpecies of cyprinus, arid 
ufually difiinguifhed by the name of the cyprinus 
v«;ith twenty rays in the back fin and the lateral 
line ftraight. 
CHARMA. A fea-fifli which agrees in many 
particulars of it's conformation with the fea-v;olf, 
Tiie lower javvT is longer than the upper, and gives 
the mouth the appearance of being always open. 
The teeth are fliarp ; the eyes are fmall ; and the 
back is of a blackifli red. The lines which run 
from the head to the tail are reddifh; and the tail 
is fprinkled v/ith red fpots, as well as the fin behind 
the vent, which runs to the tail. 
CHAT-PARD. An animal of the leopard 
kind ; which, when differed by the French acade- 
micians, difclofed to view a defeft in the fpermatic 
veffels, and other parts abfoiutely necefTary to ge- 
neration ; nor did this im.perfeftion appear to be ei- 
ther the efieft of caftration or of accident. See 
Pardus. 
CHxlTTERER. A genus of birds of which 
only two fpecies have as yet been del'cribed by 
naturaiifls. 
Chatterer of Bohemia. This bird fometimes 
vifits England; and about the month of February 
it is annually feen in Scotland, in the vicinity of 
Edinburgh, feeding on the berries of the mountain- 
afh; and alio as far fouth as Northumberland, 
v/here it fubfifts on the berries of the white-thorn. 
But the native country of the Chatterers is Bohe- 
mia, from whence they wander over Europe; and 
were formerly regarded by the fuperftitious of fbme 
countries as the certain prefages of a peftilence. 
Thefe birds are gregarious; they feed on grapes 
in thofe places where vines are cultivated; their 
fiefli is efleemed as highly delicious ; and they are 
eafily tamed. 
Tlie length of the Bohemian Chatterer is about 
eight inches; the bill is fhort, thick, and black j 
the bafe is covered with black briilles; and from 
thence a black bar paiTes to the hind-part of the 
head over each eye. The head is adorned with a 
fharp-pointed creft, which reclines backwards ; the 
irides are of a bright ruby colour; the cheeks are 
tawny ; and the throat, which is black, has a finall 
briftly tuft in the middle. The head, creil, and 
back, are aflri- coloured mixed with red ; the breaft 
and belly are a pale chefnut dafhed with a vinous 
cafl ; the vent-feathers are a bright bay ; the lower 
part of the tail is black, the end being of a ricli yel- 
low; and the feet are alfo black. The lefTer co- 
veits of the wings are brown, and the greater are 
black tipped v/ith white. The quiii-feathers are 
black, the three firfl being tipped withv/hite; and 
the fix fucceeding ones have half an inch of their 
exterior margin edged with a vivid yellow, and their 
interior with white. The horny appendages pro- 
ceeding from the tips of feven of the fecondary fea- 
thers, which have the colour and glofs of the fineft 
red fealing-wax, diftinguifh this bird from all 
others; and the mark of diftimftion between the 
male and the female is, that the latter wants the 
yellow margins to the wings. 
CfTATTERER OF Carolina. TMs^ bird h 
fcarcely feven inches long from the tip of the bill 
2 U to 
