CLU 
In general, Civet is fold in Holland at about 
fifty fhillings fterling an ounce ; though, like all 
other commodities, it's value alters according to 
the demand. It fliould be chofen frelh, of a good 
confiftence, a whitifh colour, and a ftrong, difagrce- 
able fmell. A very confiderable traffic is ftill car- 
ried on in this perfume from Buflbrah, Calicut, and 
other places of India where the Civet is bred; from 
the Levant alfo, from Guinea, and efpecially from 
Brazil in South America; though Buffon is of opi- 
nion that this animal is a native of the old conti- 
nent only, and not to be found in a ftate of nature 
in the new. The beft Civet, however, as already 
obferved, is furnifhed by the Dutch; but the de- 
mand for it feems greatly on the decline. 
Civet is certainly a much more grateful perfume 
than mufk, to which it bears fome refemblance; 
and formerly it was prefcribed for the fame medi- 
cinal purpofes; but, at prefent, it is quite difcon- 
tinued in pharmacy, and even profcribed from the 
toilet by perfons of elegance and tafte. 
The Civet, in it's natural ftate, is laid to be a 
wild, fierce animal ; and, though fometimes tamed, 
it is never perfeftly familiar. It is furniflied with 
ftrong cutting teeth; but it's claws are feeble and 
inflexible. It is alight, a£tive creature ; and, like the 
reft of it's kind, preys on birds, and other fmall 
animals over which it's ftrength gives it afcend- 
ency. It frequently creeps into farm-yards and 
offices in fearch of poultry; it's eyes fhine in the 
dark; and it probably enjoys more perfect vifion by 
night than by day. 
When thefe creatures can no longer procure ani- 
mal food, they fubfift on roots and fruits. They 
breed very rapidly in their native climates, where 
the heat feems to facilitate their propagation : but, 
in our temperate latitudes, though they furnifh their 
perfume in great quantities, they feldom multiply ; 
a convincing proof that it has no analogy with their 
appetite for generation. 
CLADIUS. A name given by the ancients to 
the ftag, or deer, when four years old, being then 
fuppofed to be arrived at fall maturity. The 
Greeks had diftindt appellations for every year's 
growth of this animal : in the firft year, they called 
it nebrus; in the fecond, pattalea; in the third, dic- 
rotus; and, in the fourth, Cladius, or ceraftes. 
CLAKIS. A provincial appellation for the 
barnacle, a fmall fpecies of wild-goofe. 
CLAMS. The North American name of a 
fpecies of ftiell, of which the wampum, or Indian 
money, is made. 
CLARIAS» A fifti of the nlurus kind, com- 
monly caught in the Nile, and eaten by the poorer 
fort of people, but of an infipid tafte. The tail is 
broad and foi'ked, furniflied with two horny appen- 
dages of a round figure and a hand's breadth in 
kngth. 
CLARK-GOOSE. A fpecies of wild-goofe 
found in Zetland. 
CLIO. A genus of fea-worms belonging to 
the order of molufca; the body of which is oblong, 
formed for fwimming, and furniflied with two op- 
pofite ate of a membranaceous ftrufture. 
CLOT-BIRD. A provincial name for the 
©enanthe. 
CLUPEA. A fifli of the order of malacopte- 
lygii, or foft-finned kind, in the Artedian fyftem ; 
and of abdominales in the Linnjean, under which 
are clafTed eleven different fpecies. The branchio- 
ftege membrane on each fide contains eight lines ; 
the beiiy, vdiichis very acute from the Angular fitu- 
C O A 
atlon of the fcales, appears as if ferrated; and the- 
back-fin is placed fomewhat nearer to the fnout 
than the tail. Artedi enumerates four fpecies of 
this genus ; namely, the common herring, the fpraty 
the fliad, and the anchovy, 
COAITI. A fpecies of monkey, diftinguiflied 
from others of that tribe by being dcftitute of a 
thumb, and confequently having only four fingers' 
on each of the two fore-paws. The tail, however^! 
fupplies this defe£l ; and with it the creature flings 
itfelf from tree to tree with furprizing celerity.- 
It has five toes on the feet, flat nails, a flender body, 
and a long tail. This animal, which is about 
eighteen inches in length, inhabits the vicinity of 
Carthagena, Brazil, and Peru. 
Thefe monkics are extremely active, and feem 
to enliven the foreft"S of America. In order to pals 
from one tree to another when the branches are 
too far diftant from each other for a leap, they form 
a kind of chain, by hanging down linked to each 
other by their tails, and fwinging in that manner 
till the loweft catches hold of a boush of the nex€ 
tree, and draws up the reft. UUoa informs us, 
that they fometimes pafs rivers in the f^me man- 
ner. Thefe animals have been tranfported into 
Europe; but fuch is the delicacy of their frame, 
that they are unable to endure a variable climate. 
COAL-FISH. This fifli is common on the 
Britifli coafts, particularly in the north : they fwaxm 
round the Orkneys; and their fry is the principal 
fubfiftence of a great number of the poorer Ibrt of 
people. 
The young of this fifh make their fi-rft appear- 
ance on the Yorkfliire coaft, in vaft flioals, about 
the beginning of July, at which time they are nearly 
an inch and a half long. In Auguft, they are from 
three to five inches in length, and are then efteemed 
very delicate food; but, when about a year old, 
they grow fo coarfe as to be very little regarded. 
Fifh of that age are from twelve to fifteen inches 
long; and begin to affume a black colour near their 
gills, and on their backs, which increafes in pro- 
portion to their age. 
Though thefe fifti are but little efteemed when, 
frefh, they are faked and dried for fale; and Ibme- 
times fuch quantities of them vifit particular parts,^ 
that it is impoffible to dip a pail in the fea without 
catching ibme. 
The Coal-fifli, which is of a pretty elegant 
fliape, generally grows to the length of two feet 
and a half, and weighs near thirty pounds. The 
head is fmall; the under-jaw is ibmewhat longer 
than the upper; and the irides are filvery, and 
mai ked on one fide with a black fpot. There are- 
three dorfal fins, the firft confifting of fourteen: 
raySj the fecond of twenty, and the third of twenty- 
two. The pefloral fins confift of eighteen rays,, 
and the ventral of fix ; the firft anal fin of tv/enty- 
two, and the fecond of nineteen. The tail is broad 
and forked. The colour of thefe fifh has been ob- 
ferved by naturalifts to vary; in fbme, the back,^ 
nofe, dorfal fins, and tail, are of a deep black ; the 
gill-covers are filver and black; the ventral and- 
anal fins are white; and the belly is of the fanie 
colour. Others are of a du&y hue, and fome 
brown; but in all the lateral line is ftraight and 
white, and the lower-parts of the ventral and anal 
fins are of the fame colour. 
COAL-MOUSE, or BLACK TIT-MOUSE. 
The head of this -bird is black, v;ith a white fpot 
on the hinder part; the back is of a greenifh afh- 
coloiir; the rump is a deep green; and the exterior 
edges 
