whether this bird, and that defcribed by fome au- 
thors under the appellation of the bird of Naza- 
reth, are one and the fame. They are unqueftion- 
ably both natives of the fame country; they are 
equally incapable of flighty and the form of the 
wings and body in both are fim'.lar. Neverthe- 
lefs, they differ very effentiallyj for the plumage 
of the bird of Nazareth is defcribed as being ex- 
ceedingly beautiful ; and it's legs are delineated 
as being much longer than thofe of the Dodo. 
DOG. A large genus of quadrupeds, furnifhed 
with fix cutting teeth, and two canine ones in each 
jaw ; having five toes before, and four behind ; and 
the tail bending towards the left, the ufual cha- 
rafteriftic of the entire genus, and firfl difcovered 
by Linnseus. Thefe carnivorous quadrupeds are 
neither fo numerous, powerful, treacherous, rapa- 
cious, nor cowardly, as thofe of the cat kind, which 
they feem to follow in the chain of nature. They 
may be diftinguifhed by their clav/s, which have no 
fheaths, as in the feline tribe. The nofe and the jaws 
of the Dog are alfo longer than thofe of the cat; and 
the body is more ftrongly made in proportion, and 
covered with hair inftead of fur. If we compare 
the natural habitudes of thefe two clafles of ani- 
mals, we fhall find that the Dog kinds are not fo 
folitary as thofe of the cat, but delight to hunt in 
company, and to encourage each other by their 
mutual cries. In this manner tlie Dog and the 
jackall purfue their prey ; and the wolf and the fox, 
though more folitary and fliy in populous coun- 
tries, in regions where they are lefs perfecuted, and 
can dilplay their natural propenfities v/ithout fear, 
they are obferved to keep together in packs, and 
purfue their game with alternate howlings. Though 
inferior to animals of the cat kind in the faculty of 
climbing, they infinitely exceed them in the lenfe 
of fmelling, by which alone they can purfue their 
prey with certainty of fuccefs, wind it through all 
it's mazes, and tire it out by perfeverance. It 
often happens, however, in their favage ftate, 
that their prey is either too much diminilhed, or 
that the animals of which it confifls are too wary, 
to afford a fuflicient fupply: in which cafes all 
the Dog kinds can fubfift for a confiderable time 
on fruits and vegetables. 
Of all the canine tribe, the Dog claimSithe pre- 
ference, being the moft intelligent of all known 
quadrupeds, and the acknowledged friend of man- 
kind. Independent of the beauty of his form, 
his vivacity, force, and fwiftnefs, he is poiTeiTed 
of all thofe native qualities which generally con- 
ciliate the afFe6lions of the human fpecies. A natu- 
ral courage and ferocious diipofition render tlieDoo" 
in his favage ftate a formidable enemy to all other 
animals ; but thefe qualities fpeedily yield to very 
different ones in the domeftic Dog, whofe only am- 
bition feems to be the defire of pleafing: he ap- 
proaches with a timid refpeft, and lays his ftrength, 
his courage, and all his ufeful talents, at the feet 
of his matter ; he waits his orders, to which he ren- 
ders implicit obedience; he confults his looks, and 
a fingle glance is fufFicient to put him in motion. 
He is faithful beyond any example to be found 
among the human race; he is conftant in his affec- 
tions, friendly without intereft, and grateful for the 
flighteft favours; he retains the fenfe of benefits 
conferred longer than drat of injuries received; he 
is not difgufted by a flight degree of harfhnefs, but 
continues humble, fubmiffive, and fupplianr, un- 
der his owner's difpleafure : Iiis ultimate wifh is 
that of being ferviceable, his only fear that of 
difpleafuig; he licks the hand that has Juft been 
lifted up to ftrike him; and eventually difanns re- 
fentrnent by unwearied fubmifiion. 
Hiftory, fays Pope, is more replete with exam- 
pies of the fidelity of Dogs than of friends; and in- 
deed an attentive obfervance of thefe animals might 
afford inftruftive leffons of reftitude, patience, for- 
bearance, and fidelity, even to the reputed lords of 
the creation. More docile than the human fpe- 
cies, as well as more obedient than any other ani- 
mal, the Dog not only receives inftruftion in a 
very fhort time, but alfo conforms to the difpofi- 
tions and manners of thofe who command him ; 
and his behaviour is modified after that of the fa- 
mily where he lives. Always affiduous in the fervice 
of his mafter, he is ever a friend to his friends, but 
indifferent towards others, fetting himfelf openly 
againft fjch as are dependent like himfelf. He 
forbids the approach of a beggar, whom he difco- 
vers to be fuch either by his cloaths, his voice, or 
his gefture. When the care of the houfe is com- 
mitted to him, he feems ambitious of the charge; 
continuing a faithful centinel, going his rounds, 
fcenting ftrangers at a diftance, and giving every 
indication in his pov/er that he is intent on his 
duty. If any perfon attempts to intrude on his 
territories, he becomes unufually fierce, threatens, 
flies at liim, fights, and either conquers alone, or 
alarms thofe for whom he contends. 
I'Vom hence we may fee of how great importance 
this animal is to us in a ftate of nature. Had the 
fpecies never exifted, how could man, without the 
affiftance of the Dog, have been able to conquer, 
tame, and reduce to fervitude, every other animal ? 
and how could he have difcovered, chaced, and de- 
ftroyed, thofe creatures which were noxious to 
him? In order to his fecurity, and to conftitute 
him the undoubted lord of animated nature, it 
was neceffary for him to begin with conciliating 
the favour of a part of them ; and to attach fuch 
to himfelf, by kindnelfes and careffes, as feemed 
fitteft for obedience and affiftance. Thus the firft 
art exerted by man confifted in fecuring the favour 
of the Dog ; and the refult of this art v/as the con- 
queft and entire poffeffion of the earth. Animals 
are in general endowed with more ftrength, agi- 
lity, and fleetnefs, than the human fpecies; and 
their fenfcs (particularly that of fmelling) are far 
more perfeft. Having gained therefore a new 
afliftant in the Dog, whole fcent is fo exquifite, 
man as it were gained a new faculty, of which he 
was before entirely deftitute. 
The Dog, thus .ufeful in himfelf, being admitted 
to -d participation of empire, exerts a degree of fu- 
pcriority over all other animals which ftand in need 
of human proteftion. The flocks and herds obey 
his voice more readily even than that of the fliepherd 
or the herdllnan ; he condudls them, guards them, 
confines' them within their appointed limits, and' 
confiders thflir enemies as his own. Nor are his 
arts lefs ferviceable in purfuit: when the found 
of the horn, or the voice of the huntfman, calls him 
to the field, he teftifies his pleafure by every little 
emotion ; and purfues with perfeverance thofe ani- 
mals from which, when captured, he has no ex- 
peftancy of reaping the fmalleft advantage. 
All carnivorous animals naturally delight in 
hunting. The lion and the tiger, v/hofe power is 
fb great as generally to enfure conqueft, hunt alone, 
and without any regular defign; but the wolf, the 
Dog, and the foXj purfue in companies, affift each 
other, and participate in the fpoils. However, 
when 
