DOG 
large; and the barking is loud and deep. If this 
creature, as before obferved, is tranfported into 
Spain or Barbary, where the hair of all animals 
beconnes foft and long, it will be converted into 
the land and water-fpaniel, of different fizes. 
Dog, Spaniel. From the name of this crea- 
ture, it would feem as if we were indebted to Spain 
for the breed. Animals of this kind vary in fize, 
from the fetting-dogs to the fpringing Spaniels, 
and fome of the fmall lap-dogs. Britain has 
long been famous for producing excellent Dogs 
of this fort, great care having been taken to pre- 
ferve the breed in it's original purity. They are 
ftill diftinguifhed by the name of Englifh Spaniels; 
and, notwithftanding the derivation of the term, 
it is probable that they are natives of Great Bri- 
tain. The pointer, which is a Dog of foreign 
cxtraftion, was unknown to our anceftors; and the 
finder, which was another fpecies ufed in fowling, 
appears to have been the fame with our Water- 
Spaniel. 
Dog, Grey-Hound. This fpecies, which is 
indifcriminately known by the names of the Grey 
or Gre-Hound, and is the fwifteft of all Dogs, pur- 
fues his game by the fight, and not by the fcent. 
The head and legs are long; and the body is fo 
extremely flender, that the creature appears pecu- 
liarly adapted for fleetnefs. The Grey-Hound 
was formerly efteemed of the firfl rank among 
Dogs, as appears from the foreft-laws of King Ca- 
nute, who enafted, that no pcrfon under the de- 
gree of a gentleman Ihould prefume to keep 
that animal. The varieties are, the Italian 
Grey-Hound, which is fmall and fmooth; and 
the Oriental Grey-Hound, which is tall and flen- 
der, with very pendulous ears, and long hair on 
the tail. 
Dog, Irish Grey-Hound. This animal, 
which is alfo, called the great Irilh Wolf-Dog, is 
very rare even in the only country in the world of 
which it is a native; and is kept rather for fliew 
than ufe, there being neither wolves, nor any other 
beafts of prey, in Ireland, which appear to require 
fo powerful an antagonifl:. The Wolf-Dog is 
therefore bred up only in the houfes of the great, 
or of fuch gentlemen as chufe to keep him by way 
of curiofity, being neither ufeful in hunting the 
hare, the fox, nor the flag; and equally unfervice- 
able as a houfe-dog. Neverthelefs, he is ex- 
tremely beautiful and majeftic, and the largeft of 
the canine race to be feen in the world. Some of 
thefe formidable animals are about four feet hio-h, 
or as tall as a calf of a year old. In their fhapc, 
they ftrongly refemble tiie Grey-Hound, but are 
rather more robuft, and inclining to the figure of 
the French matin, or the great Dane; and though 
they appear heavy and phlegmatic in their difpofi- 
tions, one of them is fo amazingly ftrong, as to be 
capable of engaging fingly with the bear. 
Buffon is of opinion, that thefe are the true Mo- 
loffian Dogs of the ancients: but as he has adduced 
no proofs in fupport of his notion, other natura- 
lifts are inclined to fuppofe it ill-grounded. If 
thefe animals are tranfported to other countries, 
they foon degenerate; and even in their native 
climates they are fubje6t to change, unlcfs great 
care is taken to prevent it. Formerly they were 
employed in clearing the ifland of wolves, which 
greatly infefted it ; but thefe beafts of prey being 
now exterminated, the Dogs alfo begin to decline, 
as if nature intended to obliterate the fpecies when 
they were no longer ferviceable ; and in this man- 
DOG 
ner various kinds of animals, once v/ell known,' 
have gradually dwindled from the face of the 
^earth. 
Dog, Danish, This very large Dog refem- 
bles the maftiff, except that it's body and head are 
longer and more flender. Danifli Dogs are gene- 
rally of a yellov/ifh brown colour; but fome are 
grey, and others quite black. They carry their 
tails turned up, and have large high foreheads. 
Of this kind, perhaps, were the Dog-s of Fpirus, 
mentioned by Ariftotle; or thofe of Albania, fo 
well defcribed by Pliny. 
Dog, Mastiff. The Maftiff Dog is large 
and ftrong, and barks very loud. His head is ex- 
tremely large; and his lips, which are veiy fully 
depend on each fide. He has a noble mien, and 
rather commands refpeft than excites terror. / Dr. 
Caius informs us, that three of thefe Mafti'ffs are 
reckoned a match for a bear, and four for a lion; 
but, from an experiment made in the Tower by 
King James I. a lion was an unequal match for 
only three of them; for though two of the Dogs 
were difabled in the combat, the third put the Lun 
to flight. 
Great-Britain was formerly fo celebrated for it's 
Maftiffs, that the Roman emperors had certain of- 
ficers in this ifland, whofe fole buflnefs confifted 
in fuperintending the breed, and tranfporting from 
hence to their amphitheatres fuch of thefe animals 
as were deemed proper for their combats. But 
Maftiffs are now uftially employed in guarding 
houfes, yards, and other places in which property 
is lodged, from the invafions of robbers. 
Dog, Bull. This fpecies has a large tliick 
head, and a fliort nofe; the under-] av/ is longer 
than the upper; and the tail is turned upwards. 
The Bull-Dog, which is a ftrong, fierce, and cruel 
creature, frequently bites before he gives warning 
of his approach. He is peculiar to England; and, 
fince the refinement of the age has fuffered bull- 
baiting to decline, the breed is become more 
fcarce. 
Dog, Pug. This variety, called alfo the Dutch 
Maftiff, fomewhat refembles the Bull-Dog, but is 
vaftly fm.aller, and deftitute of any of his intrepid 
qualities. The muzzle is black; the nofe is flat; 
the hair is a yellowifli brov/n ; and the tail is turned 
up in a curl. The ears of Dogs of this kind are 
generally cut oft"", that their heads may appear' 
rounder. Some of them have black lifts ri?nning 
down their backs; but fo great are the varieties in 
this fpecies, that no pofitive defcription of them 
can poflibly be given. The Pug-Dog is a very 
domeflac animal, never following his mafter to any 
confiderable diftance from home. 
Dog, Terrier. The Terrier is a fmall rough 
kind of hound, extremely v/ell adapted to hunt the 
fox or the badger out of their holes ; or rather, by 
his barking, to give notice in what part of their 
kennels they reflde, when the fportfmen purpofe to 
dig them out. Agreeable to the caprice of man- 
kind, animals either become fafliionable, or fall 
into decay; and accordingly the Terrier is at pre- 
fent in high eftimation in this ifland ; but how 
long he will continue the general favourite, time 
Only can deveiope. 
Dog, Gaze-Hound. This animal received 
his appellation from his hundng by the eye, and 
not by the fcent. He feemed equally adapted for 
the c'naceof the buck, the fox, or the hare; for he 
would feledl from the herd die fineft deer, purfue 
it by the eye for a ior)g time, and if accidentally 
