only among the fawns^, but alio the white hares and 
ptarmigans. 
The Black Eagle is nearly of the fize of the 
gpldcn one J die bill is of a blackifh horn -colour; 
the cere is yellow ; and the v/hole body . is a deep 
brown flightly tinged with ruR-colour. The legs 
are feathered down to tlie very feet; the toes are yel- 
low; and the claws are black. But the mod re- 
markable peculiarity of this bird is a white band 
on the upper part of the tail ; wV/ich mark it retains 
in every ftage of life^ as as in every country 
where it is found. 
Eagle, ■^'La; the falco offifragus of Linnseus. 
'^t.Tx iiagles are found in feveral parts of Great Bri- 
tain and Ireland. Willughby informs us, that 
there was formerly an aerie of them in Whinfield 
Park, VVeftmioreland; and Turner afTerts, that in 
his time they were well known in England, on ac- 
count of tlieir making prodigious havock among 
all forts of filh ; and that fifliermen generally 
anointed their baits with the fat of thefe birds, 
from a conceit that it poffeffed a peculiar alluring- 
quality: nay, fo very liiperftitious were they, that 
v/henever the Sea Eagle hovered over a piece of 
water, they believed that the finny inhabitants, as 
if charmed, would rife to the furface v/ith their bel- 
lies upwards. 
Though the Sea Eagle is no uncommon fpecies, 
it feems at prefent to be but little known ; for, ever 
fince the time of Clufuis, it has not been defcribed 
by any naturalift except the accurate Pennant ; and 
has generally been confounded with the golden 
Eagle, to which bird indeed it has lome refem- 
blance. The colours of the head, neck, and body, 
are the fam.e with thofe of the golden Eagle, but 
much lighter: it is alfo far fuperior in fize; the 
bill is larger, more hooked, and arched; and un- 
derneath there are fome fiiort ftrong hairs or brif- 
tles that form a fort of beard ; from v/hich circum- 
ftance fome writers have fuppofed it to be the aqui- 
la barbata, or bearded Eagle, of Pliny. The inte- 
rior fides, and the tips of the feathers of the tail, 
are of a deep brown colour; the exterior fides of 
fome of them are of an iron hue, and of others 
fpotted with white. The legs, v;hich are ftrong, 
thick, and yellow-coloured, are feathered only a 
little belov/ the knees ; which circumfiance makes 
an invariable diftinftion between the Sea and the 
eolden Eagle; and this nakednefs of the le<3-s is of 
the utmoft convenience to buxls whofe prey is 
lodged in the water. The claws are of a deep 
.fliining black hue, exceedingly large and ftrong, 
and hooked into a perfeft femicircle. 
All naturalifts feem to coincide in opinion that 
the Sea Eagle feeds principally on fifli, which it 
feizes, when fwimming near the furface of the wa- 
ter, by darting down on them, but not by div- 
ing or fv/imming, as fome authors have afferted; 
and who for that purpofe have in their defcriptions 
given it a webbed foot to fwim with, and another 
divided one to catch it's prey. Marten fays, that 
thofe-Eagies v/hich inhabit the Weftern ides, faften 
their talons in the backs of falmon, v/nich often 
rife to the furface of the water, and fometimes 
above it, and in that manner carry them off; and 
that they alio prey on aquatic fowl : and Pliny, 
%yith his ufual precifion, gives a very agreeable de- 
fcription of the chace, an amufement fi-equently 
enjoyed by the inhabitants in the vicinity of the 
large lakes formed by the River Shannon. 
Eagt.e, Cinereous. This bird, which is alfo 
called the erne, is inferior in fize to the golden 
Eagle. The beak, cere, and iridesj are of a vci-y 
pale yellow colour, the fpace between them, and 
the eyes being bare and blueifh. The head and 
neck are a pale cinereous; the body and wings are 
of the fime hue clouded with brown ; the quill- 
feathers are very dark ; the tail is white ; the legs, 
vvhich are a liglit yellow, are feathered but a very 
little way belov/ the knees ; and the male is con- 
fiderably darker tlian the female. The bill in 
this fpecies is fomewhat ftraighter than ufual in the 
Eagle kind; which circumftance feems to have 
induced Linnaeus to place it among vultures; 
but; with all becoming deference to fo refpeftable 
an authority, it can have no claim to be ranked 
with that genus, the erne being wholly feathered; 
whereas the charafteriftic mark of the vulture is, 
that the head and neck are either quite bare, or 
only covered with down. The Cinereous Eagle 
inliabits Scotland and the Orknies, and feeds on 
fifti and land animals indifcriminately. 
Eagle, Crowned. This very curious bird is 
a native of Africa, and was firft defcribed by Ed- 
wards. It is about one-third fmaller than the 
larger fpecies of European Eagles ; but, like them, 
appears to be bold and intrepid. The bill, and 
tlie (kin which covers the upper mandible, are of a 
duflcy brown colour; the corners of the mouth, 
which are cleft pretty deep under the eyes, are yel- 
lowifti; the circles round the eyes are a reddifh 
orange; the fore-part of the head, the fpace be- 
tween the eyes, and the throat, are covered with 
white feathers variegated with fmall black fpots; 
the hinder part of the Ite^d and neck, the back, 
and the wings, are of a dark brown or blackifh 
hue, the exterior edges of the feathers being a 
lighter brov/n; the quills are darker than the other 
feathers of the wings; the ridge in the upper parts, 
and the tips of fome of the lelTer coverts of the 
wings, are white; the tail is brown tranfverfely 
barred with black, it's under fide appearing of a 
dark and light afli-colour. The breaft is a red- 
difli brown, with large tranfverfe black fpots on 
it's fides ; the belly, and the covert-feathers under 
the tail, are white fpotted with black; the thighs 
and legs, down to the very feet, are covered with 
white feathers beautifully marked with round black 
fpots ; the feet and claws are very ftrong, the former 
being covered with bright orange-coloured fcales, 
and the latter with black. 
This Eagle can at pleafure eredl the feathers on 
the hind-part of it's head, fo as to form a kind of 
creft or crown ; from which circumftance it derives 
it's name; and, like other birds of the fame fpecies, 
it is remarkable for it's voracity and fharpnefs of 
fight. 
Eagle, Black-Backed. This bird is of the 
magnitude of the golden Eagle; the bill is blackj 
and the cere yellow. The head, the hind-part of 
the neck, the belly, and the coverts of the wings, 
are ferruginous ; and the under-fide of the neck, 
the back, and the quill-feathers, are black. That 
part of the tail neareft to the root is white, and the 
reft of it is black. The legs, down to the very 
feet, are covered with ferruginous feathers; the 
toes are yellow ; and the claws are black. 
Eagle of Pondicherry. This fjjecies is 
wholly of a chefnut-colour, except the one half of 
the fix exterior tail-feathers, which are black. 
Eagle, Oroonoko. This bird has an elegant 
creft, of a deep brov/n colour above, and v/hite 
fpotted with black beneath. The upper part of 
the neck is yellow; and the feathers of tlie tail are 
brown v/ith white circles, thofe of the legs being 
wliite fpotted with black. 
