GAS 
ing fifli, darted itfelf down with fuch violence, tliat 
it ftruck it's bill through the board, about an inch 
and a quarter thick, and diflocated it's neck. 
GAPERS. A name given by authors to 
fuch fhells as are denominated bivalves and 
chamae. 
GARAGAY. A rapacious Mexican bird of 
the fize of the kite, the head and tips of the wings 
of which are white. It makes but fhort flights ; 
and being fond of the eggs of tortoifes and croco- 
diles, it explores thofe places where they are buried 
in the fand. 
GARDON. A ftili of the roach kind, fup- 
pofed by many authors to be but little different 
from tl.e common roach of the Englifli rivers. 
Some call it the Gardon fargus, and cephalus ; 
and others, leucifcus. 
GARDUS. An appellation given by fome 
writers to that fpecies of cyprinus called by Gef- 
ner and others the fargus. 
GAR-FISH. See Esox and Acus. 
GARGEN Y ; the Anas Querquedula of Lin- 
nasus. A frefh-water fowl of the duck kind, 
fomev/hat larger than the teal, but ftrongly refem- 
bling it in fhape; and hence, in many places, it is 
called the fummer-teal. The beak, legs, and feet, 
are of a deep lead-colour; the upper part of the 
head is dufky, but on each fide there is a white 
ftreak, drawn from the eyes to the back part; the 
throat and the lower part of the neck are varie- 
gated with white and reddifh brown; the bread is 
beautifully variegated with tranfverfe undulated 
lines of black and dufky brown ; and the belly is 
white or ycllowifli. The female is fmaller than 
the male, and the colours on the head are lefs 
bright and beautiful. It has an obfcure white 
mark over each eye ; and the reft of the plumage 
is of a brownifh alh-colour. 
GARHANA. A large Brazilian fifh of the 
fhape of the common carp ; more ufually known 
among authors by it's Brazilian name, acaraaya. 
GARNET. See Limpet. 
GARRULUS ARGENTORATENSIS. An 
appellation fometimes given to that fpecies of 
magpie commonly called the roller; a very beau- 
tifully variegated bird, found in Italy and fome 
other places. 
GARRULUS BOHEMICUS; the Bohe- 
mian Magpie. A name given by fome naturalifts 
to the bird more uiually called ampelis, from it's 
fondnefs for grapes. 
GARTER-FISH ; the Lipidopus. The body 
of this fifh is fhaped like a fword; the head is 
elongated; the fins which cover the gills have fe- 
ven rays; and there are only three Icales on the 
whole body, two in the place of ventral fins, and 
the third proceeding from the anus. 
GASTEROSTEUS. The name of a genus 
of acanthopterygious fifhes; the charafters of 
■which, according to the Artedlan fyftem, are thefe : 
the branchioftege membrane on each fide contains 
three fmall and (lender bones ; the belly is almoft 
entirely covered with bony fcales; and the ventral 
fins have only two rays, one of which is prickly, 
and confiderably larger than the other. There 
are three fpecies of thefe fifhes. 
In the Linnsean fyftem, this conftitutes a ge- 
nus of the thoracici, containing eleven fpecies, 
which are dlftinguifhed by the number of their 
dorfal fins. 
Gasterosteus is a v/ord of Greek origin, be- 
ing derived from Gafter^ the Belly; and Ofteon, 
G A Z 
a Bone ; die greater part of the belly of this fiffl 
being fortified with bony plates. 
GATTORUGtN. A fifii of the genus of 
blenni, called by Linnseus blennius gatto'rugine. 
It meafures about feven inches and a half in length ; 
the body is fmooth and cornprefied on the fides ; 
the belly is fomev/hat prominent; the teeth are 
flender, almoft fetaceous, and very clofe fet; be- 
tween the eyes there is a fmall cavity ; and above 
each eye, juft on the fummit, there is a narrow - 
loofe membrane, trifurcated at the top, which dif- 
tinguiilies this fifli from every other fpecies. The 
peftoral fins, confifting of fourteen rays, are broad 
and rounded ; the dorfal fin contains fourteen 
ftrong fpiny rays, and nineteen foft ones; the 
anal fin has twenty-one rays; the extremities in 
every fin extend beyond their webs ; and the tail, 
which is rounded at the end, confifts of twelve 
rays, divided towards their points. This fifh is 
generally of a dufl<;y hue, tranlverfelv marked with 
wavy lines; the belly is of a light afh-colour; and 
the lower part of the peCloral fins, as well as the 
ends of the ventral, are orange-coloured. 
Gattorugin, Indian. The back of this fpe- 
cies is arched,, with a fingle fin running along it's 
middle from head to tail; and on the under-fide it 
is hollowed or arched inwards. The teeth are 
extremely minute; the under-fide of the head and 
the gills are marked with duf!<y roundifh fpots; 
the gills are peftinatedon their edges; and behind 
them, on the under-fide, are a pair of appendant 
firings, each of which parts into two, and termi- 
nates in points. A fingle fin rifes about the mid- 
dle of the belly, and extends to the tail ; the tail- 
fin is rounded; and from each fide, exadlly behind 
the gills, proceeds an oblong fin; the lateral 
lines are broken into angles; the fcales are fo mi- 
nute as not to be perceptible by the naked eye, 
but on the fides appear fome indentions with 
waved lines. 
This fifli is much comprefTed fideways, except 
about the head, where it is broader; and it's co- 
lour is a dull ferruginous. 
GATVISCH. An American fifh, a fpecies of 
the turdus or wrafile, of a yellow colour, and beau- 
tifully variegated with red. It is generally knowri 
among authors by it's Brazilian name, pira pix- 
anga. 
GAVIAON. A Portuguefe appellation for the 
caracara, a fpecies of Brazilian hawk about the fize 
of the common kite. 
GAVILAN. The Spanifh name of a fpecies 
of hawk common in the Philippine Iflands. It is 
fomewhat larger than the fparrow-hawk; the back 
and wings are of a yeilowifli colour ; and the belly 
is whitiflT. It is the moft com.mon of ail preda- 
ceous birds in that part of the world, and is ex- 
tremely voracious and mifchievous. 
GAVIOTA. The Portuguefe name for ar^ 
aquatic fowl of the gull kind found in Brazil, and 
called by the natives guacu guacu. It is about 
the fize of the common hen: the beak is iono-, 
ftraight, and yellow ; the head, tall, and part of 
the wings, are black; and the thrc.u, breaft, and 
belly, are white. The Gaviota deponts it's eggs 
in the fand, w^hich are large, and efleemed whole- 
IbmiC food; but it's fiefh is little valued. 
GAYTICPUA. An American ferpent, faid 
to be found only in the kingdom of Razim. It 
grows to a vaft fize; and it's ftink is fo ofienfive, 
that no creature is able to approach it. 
GAZA GIOVANE. A fmall fpecies of he- 
