G O L 
black feathers; the reft of the head, the nesk, 
breaft, and back, are invefted with bright yellow 
feathers; the thighs, the lower belly, and covert- 
feathers both above and beneath the tail, are a 
yellowilh white; the lefier covert-feathers of the 
wings are yellow v/ithout, and whitifh within; the 
reft of the wing- feathers are black; the tail is com- 
pofcd of twelve feathers of a blackifti hue; and the 
legs and feet are reddifh. The hen differs princi- 
pally from the cock in having lefs beautiful and 
vivid (hades of the fame colours. 
This bird was brought from New York. Ed- 
wards kept one of them for feveral years; and ob- 
ferved that it molted twice annually^ namely, in 
the months of March and September. 
GOLD FISH; the Cyprinus Auratus of Lin- 
nsLis. Gold Fifhes, though natives of China, 
are quite naturalized in this kingdom, and breed 
as freely in open waters as the carp. They were 
firft introduced into England about the year 1691 ; 
but were not generally known till 1728, when 
great numbers were imported, and circulated 
round the vicinity of London; from whence they 
have been diftributed to the remoteft parts of the 
country. 
The Gold Fifh, with refpeft to the figure of 
It's bodv, bears a ftrong refemblance to the carp. 
It fometimes grows to the length of eight inches 
in this kingdom; but in it's native country it ar- 
rives at the fize of the herring. The noftrils are 
tubular, and form a kind t)f appendages. The 
dorfal fin and the tail vary greatly in fiiape; the 
latter is naturally bifid; but in many it is obferved 
to be trifid, and in fome quadrifid. The anal 
fins form themoft diftinguifhing charafters of this 
fpecies, being placed oppofite each other, like the 
ventral fins; whereas, in other fiflies, they are ar- 
ranged behind each other. 
The colours of Gold Fifhes are liable to the 
cfreateft variations : fome are marked with a fine 
blue, brown, or bright filver ; but the general pre- 
dominant colour is tliat of gold of a moft brilliant 
appearance. However, it is by no means neccf- 
fary to be very particular in the defcription of ani- 
mals which are fo eafily examined; and indeed 
prints only can convey an adequate idea of thefe 
beautiful, but varying fifties, to thofe who have 
not an opportunity of furveying them in an ani- 
mated ftate. 
The moft admired kinds of Gold Fifiies are 
caught in a fmall lake in the province of Che- 
Kyang. In that country, every perfon of falliion 
keeps them for his amufement, either in porce- 
lain vefiTels, or in fuch fmall bafons as decorate 
the courts of the houfes in China. The extreme 
beauty of their colours, and their lively motions, 
afford great entertainment; efpecially to the la- 
dies, wliofe pleafures, by reafon of tiie narrow po- 
licy of that country,' are very folitary and con- 
fined. 
Gold Fish is alfo an appellation given by 
fome authors to the alaufa, or fhad, from the yel- 
low colouring which frequently adorns it's gills. 
GOLD SINNY. This fifti, which is caught 
on the Cornifti coafts, in the Vv'hcle form of it's 
bodv, lips, teeth, and fins, bears a ftriking refem- 
bb.pxe to the vvrafle. It never exceeds a palm in 
length. Near the tail there is a remarkable black 
foot; and the firft rays of the dorfal fin are tinged 
with black. The dorfal fin confifts of fixteen 
fpiny and nine foft rays, the pe6toral of fourteen, 
the anal of three fpiny and eleven foft, and the 
GOO 
ventral of fix; and tlie tail is alinoft even at it's 
extremity. 
GOLDEN EYE. A fpecies of fly, called alfo 
Chryfops and the Stinking Fly. It is a very beau- 
tiful infefl, about three-quarters of an inch lono-; 
the body is flender, and of a greenilh yellow co- 
lour; the wings are large and tranfparent; and the 
eyes, which are large, exhibit rlie appearance of 
gold. This animal is produced from%. worm that 
feeds on the plant lice; and, when crufiied, it emits 
an intolerable ftench, from which circumftance it 
receives one of it's common names. 
GOMATUS. An appellation given by many 
of the ancient writers to the gurnard, more fre- 
quently called gutnardus. 
GONAMBUSCH. A name whereby fome 
authors exprefs the humming-b' < ihe fnalleftof 
all the feathered tribe. 
_ GONDOLA SHELL. An appellation fome- 
times given to a peculiar fpecies of fticll of the 
concha globofa kind. It is of the genus of do- 
lium, and comprehends feven fpecies. 
GONGRUS. A name given by /Elian, Ap- 
pian, and fome others of the Greek writers, to the 
conger, or fea-eel. 
GONINON. A French appellation for the 
common eudgeon. 
GONORYNCHUS. A fpe cies of cyprinus, 
having eight rays in the anal fin, a cylindric body, 
and a bifid tail. It is caught in the feas bor- 
dering on the Cape of Good Flope. 
GOOSANDER. This bird frequents the ri- 
vers and lakes of Great Britain, particularly in fe- 
vere winters; but it's native regions feem to lie in 
higher northern latitudes. It dives with great 
dexterity, and fubfifts almoft entirely on fiH"!. The 
lengtli of the male is about two feet four inclies, 
the breadth about three feet two inches, and the 
weight four pounds. The bill is th.ree inches 
long, narrovv^, and finely ferrated; and both chat 
and the irides are red. The head is large; and 
the feathers on it's hind-part are long and iooie. 
The colour is black, beautifully gloffed with 
green. The upper part of the neck is of the fame 
colour with the head; the lov/er psrt, and the 
belly, are a fine pale yellow; the upper part of the 
back, and the lower fcapulars, are black; the lower 
part of the back, and the tail, are adi -coloured,, 
the latter confifcing of eighteen feathers. The 
primaries are black; the fecondaries are white, 
fome of them being edged with black ; the coverts, 
at the infertion of the wing, are black, t'ne reft be- 
ing white; and the legs are of a deep orange-co- 
lour. 
The female, Vv'hich is frequently called the dun- 
diver, and has generally been efteemicd a different 
fpecies, is lefs than the male: the head and tl;e 
upper part of the neck are of an iron colour; the 
throat is white; and the feathers on thie hind-parc 
of the head form a pendent creft. Hie back, 
the coverts of the wings, and the tail, are of a 
deep aili-colour; the greater quili-feathers are 
black, the leiTer being white; and the breaft and 
belly are white tinged with yellow. 
Goosander, Red-Breasted. This fpecies 
which breeds in Scotland and the Hebrides, weighs 
about two pounds; the length is one foot nine in- 
ches, and the 'oreadth two feet {even inches. The 
bill is three inches Ions;; the lower mandible is 
red, and the upper duftcy; the irides are a pur-; 
plifli red; the head and throat are a beautiful va- 
rying black and green, the former being adorned 
with 
