G R I 
G R O 
the legSj feet, and claws, are of a whitifli flefh- 
colour. This bird has a very difagreeable note, 
which fomevv'hat refembles the winding up of a 
clock. It is a very bold animal, and will fight 
with great refolution through the wires of it's cage, 
whence it probably receives it's name. 
GRESLING. An appellation given by the 
Germans to the gobius fluviatilisj or common 
2;udo;eon. 
GREY; the Salmo Eriox of Linnseus. This 
large fifh, of the truttaceous kind, is caught in 
many of the Britifh rivers. It often grows to the 
full fize of the falmon; but differs from that Ipe- 
cies in having a broader body, and a head larger 
in proportion. In the jaws are four rows of teeth, 
and on the tongue eight fingle teeth; the back 
and fides, above the lateral line, are of a deep grey 
colour fpotted with purple; the belly is filvery; 
and the tail is even. The flefli is more delicious 
than that of the falmon, and always fetches a bet- 
ter price. The Grey afcends the frefii water rivers 
in the month of Auguft, but is never found in 
great plenty. 
Pennant leems to confider this fifh as fynony- 
mous with the fcwin, or fliewin, of South Wales, 
which is very common in the vicinity of Caer- 
marthen. The Grey continues in the Efic from 
July to September, and is then in fpawn. When 
it becomes out of feafon, the lower jaw is hooked. 
The natives of the north of England, and of South 
Wales, confider this nfli as a diftimfl fpecies from 
the falmon. 
GREY-FINCH. See Finch. 
GREY- FLY. An appellation frequently given 
to the gad-fly. 
GREY LAG GOOSE. See Goose. 
GREY GRUNT. This fiOi has a broad 
crooked back, and is about fix inches long and four 
broad. The mouth is furnifhed with very finall 
teeth; the eyes are large; and the irides are white. 
The dorfal fin runs the whole length of the back, 
and is fpiny in the middle, and foft at the extremi- 
ty. All the fins, as well as the tail, are of a ihining 
gold-colour; and the body is covered with filvery 
fcales, mixed with a golden tinge. On each fide 
are feven large longitudinal ftripes of a fhining 
brown ; but, in fome, of a gold-colour. This fifh 
is caught near the ifiand of Jamaica, and in feveral 
other parts of the Weft Indies. 
GREYHOUND. See Doc and Hound. 
GRIG. A name frequently ufed to exprefs 
the fand-eel, or ammodytes. Thefe fiflies, v/hich 
are ordinarily found in the River Thames, are dif- 
tinguiflied from the common fort by having larger 
heads, blunter nofes, thicker fls;ins, and lefs fat: 
each fifli feldom exceeds three or four pounds in 
weight; and they are not very highly efteemed. 
GRINETTA. An aquatic fowl of the gai- 
linula or moor-hen kind, having open feet without 
any annexed membranes. This bird, the Rallus 
Porzana of Linnasus, is fmaller than the moor- 
hen and the water-rail; the legs are of a dufey 
green colour; the toes are very long; the beak is 
compreffed fideways, fhort, pointed, and covered 
at the origin with a deep yellow lubftance; the 
head is brown fpotted with black; the neck is a 
deep olive mai'ked with white; a broad grey bar 
extends from the bill beyond the eyes; the back- 
feathers are black next their fhafts, then olive- 
coloured, and edged with white; and the fcapulars 
are olive, finely marked with two fmall v/hite fpots 
on each web» 
This bird, which is common in Italy and Ger- 
many, but migratory in England, frequents the 
margins of fmall ftreams, concealing itlelf among 
buflies. 
GRISLAGINE. A frefli-water fifh of the cy- 
prinus kind, common in the rivers of Germany, 
having whitifh fins, and eleven rays in the anal 
fin. It's iliape fomewhat refembles that of the 
common roacii,; it's back is of a dun;y blue co- 
lour; and it's belly and fides below the lateral 
lines are pf a filvery whitenefs. It's fide-lines are 
yellow and dotted; over vs^hich there is an inter- 
rupted blackifli line, running into feveral oblong 
ftreaks from the gills to the tail. 
GRISOLA. A bird of the lark kind, defcribed 
by Aldrovandus, and fuppofed by Ray to be the 
fame with the fpipoletta, or tordino, of the Vene- 
tians. 
GRONDEUR. The French appellation for 
an American fifh furniflied with very remarkable 
teeth, which, on examination, have been found 
perfectly to refemble the bufonitje, or ferpents- 
eyes; and which, in their foffile ftate, have for 
many ages been accounted gems. The arrange- 
ment of thefe teeth is fuch, tliat the whole flat fur- 
faces of the upper and lower jaws are in a manner 
paved with them. They are of difi'erent fhapes 
and fizes in diftin6l parts: tliofe placed towards 
the edges are of the fmall and flat kind commonly 
found in I'vlalta, and called ferpents-cvcs; towards 
the middle, the larger toad-frones, as they are 
called, are fituated; the laro-eft of all beino: ar- 
ranged m two Itraight rows or lines along the cen- 
tre of each jaw. Each of thefe teeth is articulated 
by a gomphofis in the jaw; and, when taken out, 
they have all that natural cavity which is obferved 
in the hinder part of the foffile ones. The fockets 
of thefe teeth exhibit the appearance of thole from 
whence the teeth have frequently been flied ; and 
it is probable that tlie fifn renev/s them frequently 
durins; the courfe of it's life. 
GROSS-BEAK; the Loxia Coccothrauftes of 
Linnasus. This bird, which is alfo called the 
Elaw-finch, is about ieven inches in length, and 
thirteen in breadth; and weighs about two ounces. 
The bill, which is fnaped like a funnel, is ftrong, 
thick, and of a dull pale pink colour, having fome 
orange-coloured feathers at it's bafc; the irides are 
grey; the cheeks, and the crown of the head, are 
a fine deep bay; a black line extends from the 
bill to the eyes; and the breafb and belly are of a 
dirty flelh-colour. The neck is cinereous ; the 
back, and the coverts of the wings, are a deep 
brown; the coverts of the tail are a yellowifb bay; 
the great quili-fcathers are black, Ipotted with 
white on their inner webs; the tail is fliort; and 
the legs are flefli-coloured. 
The greateft peculiarity of this bird confifts in 
the fliape of the ends of the middle quill-feathers, 
which, as Edwards juftly obferves, refemble the 
figure of fome of the ancient battle-axes: thofe 
feathers, which are gloired over with a rich blue, 
are lefs confpicuous in the female ; and indeed her 
colours are in general lefs vivid than thofe of tiie 
male. 
The Grofs-Beak is not regularly migratory. It 
vifi.ts this ifland only in fevere winters. It feeds 
on berries; and even on the kernels of the hardeft 
ftones, fuch as thole of cherries and almonds, 
which it cracks with the utmoft eafe; it's bill, 
from it's great ftrcngth and thicknefs, being well 
adapted for this purpofe. Wiilughby informs us, 
that 
