G R O 
G R O 
that this bird is common in Italy and Germany, 
where it lives in the woods during the i'ummer 
feafon ; and breeds in hollow trees, laying five or 
fix eggs; but that it frequents the plains in the 
winter. 
Gross-Beak, Pine. This fpecies frequents 
Hudfon's Bay, Sweden, and Scotland. It feeds 
on the pine-tree; and, according to Linnseus, fings 
in the night-time. It is nearly twice as large as 
the bull-finch: the bill is ftrong, dufky, and forked 
at the end; the head, back, neck, and breaft, are 
of a rich crimfon colour; the bottoms of the fea- 
thers are afli-coloured; the middle of thofe on the 
head and back are black ; the lower belly and the 
vent are afh-coloured ; the leffer coverts of the 
wings are dulky, edged with orange; the next are 
fringed with a broad flripe of white; the quill- 
feathers and the tail are duf!<:y, their exterior edges 
being a dirty white; and the legs are black. There 
feems to be a general agreement, with refpeft to 
colours and food, between this bird and the crofs- 
bill. Edwards calls it the greater bull-finch, to 
which he was probably led by the fimilarity of 
their colouring. 
Gross-Beak, Gambia. This bird is about 
the fize of the haw-finch: the bill is large, and 
broad at the bafe, terminating in a fliarp point, 
-and relembling the figure of a cone; the mouth is 
large, and afh-coloured internally; the pupils of 
the eyes are black, furroimded with a white iris; 
the head, and the greatefl part of the neck, are 
black, ending in a circular black point on the fore- 
part of the breaft; the ref!: of the body, the v/ings, 
and the tail, are a beautiful yellow fhaded with a 
bright green; and the legs and feet are cinereous, 
with a blueifh glofs. 
Thefe birds abound on the coaft of Guinea, in 
Africa, near the River Gambia, 
Gross-Beak, Purple. This fpecies, which is 
about the fize of the fparrow, is adorned with red 
flreaks over the eyes, on the throat, and near the 
vent under the tail; ail the reft of the body being 
of a deep purj^le colour. The female has the 
fame red ftreaks as the male, but her body is 
brown. This bird is a native of the Bahama 
Ifiands. 
Gross-Beak, Blue. This variety is a^out 
the fize of the common Grofs-Beak, or haw-finch : 
the bill is fcrong, thick at the bafe, fliarp-pointed, 
and of a lead-colour; thic eyes are a dark hazel, 
v/ith black pupils; tiie bill is encompaffed with 
black feathers, narrow on the forehead, and reach- 
ing on zhe fides as far as the eyes; the head, neck, 
rump, back, leffer coverts of the wings, and all 
the under-fide, are of a fine deep blue colour; on 
the hind-part of the head there is a fmall creft; 
the quills in the wings, and the row of covert- 
feathers next above them, are black; but thofe 
next the back, and the fucceeding row of coverts, 
ha^'e blue edges. The tail is black on the upper 
fide, and fomevvhat lighter on the under; and the 
le:^s a'ld feet are fiender in proportion to the fize 
of die bird, and entirely of a dark lead-colour. 
This bird is a native of Angola, in Africa. 
Gross-Beak, Malacca. The Malacca Grofs- 
Beak lias a Prrong blue bill; the head, and the un- 
der-fide of the wings, are of a light aQi-colour; 
the back, v/ings, rump, and tail, are of a chefnut 
hue; the breaft, belly, and die whole under-fide, 
are dufky or blackifli ; and the legs and feet are 
fiefh-coloured. 
Gross-Beak, Grey. This bird, which is a 
native of Jamaica, is fomewhat lefs than the fpar- 
row: the bill is thick and fliort; the head, neck, 
breaft, and upper part of the belly, are of a light 
grey colour; the vent, and the lower part of the 
belly and thighs, are a fine light yellow; the wings 
and tail are duflcy; and the legs are a light brown. 
Gross-Beak, Linulated. This curious bird 
has a blueifh bill; the crown of the head, the 
hind-part of the neck, the back, and leffer co- 
verts, are of a pale brown colour marked with fe- 
micircular lines of black; and the cheeks are a 
plain brown, bounded beneath with a rich crim- 
fon line joined to another of black. The prima- 
ries and the tail are brown; the breaft and belly 
are a pale brown flightly marked with femicircu- 
lar lines; and the legs are flefii-coloured. 
Gross-Beak, Brown. The bill of this fpecies 
is duflvy; the head, neck, back, and wings, are 
brown, obfcurely marked with narrow dufky lines; 
the belly is white; the tail is dufl^y, or deep 
brown; and the legs are blueifli. 
GROUNDLING. The_ Englifh appellation 
for a fmall fpecies of the cobitis, more commonly 
called the loach; and by Artedi denominated the 
Imooth fpotted cobitis with a cylindric body. 
GROUS. A general name comprehending fe- 
veral fpecies of birds claffed by Linnseus under 
the genus of tetrao. Their diftinguifhing cha- 
ra6ters are, that they have fhort arched bills ; that 
their exterior and interior toes are connected to 
the firit joint of the middle toe by a fmall m.em- 
brane; that their legs are feathered down to their 
feet ; and that they have broad fcarlet eye-brows. 
Grous, Wood; the Tetrao Urogallus of Lin- 
naeus. The male of this fpecies is two feet eight 
inches long, and three feet ten inches broad; and 
fometimes weighs fourteen pounds. The bill is 
of a pale yellow colour; the noftrils are covered 
with duficy feathers; the head, neck, and back, are 
elegantly marked with fiender lines of grey and 
black running tranfverfely ; the feathers on the 
hind-part of the head are long; and beneath the 
throat there is a large tuft of long feathers. The 
upper part of the breaft is of a rich gloffy green 
hue; the reft of the breaft- and the belly are black, 
mixed with fome white feathers; the fides are 
marked like the neck; the coverts of the wings are 
crofi^ed with undulated lines of black and reddifli 
brown ; the exterior webs of the greater quill-fea- 
thers are black; and at the infertion of the wings 
appears a white fpot. The tail confifts of eighteen 
black feathers, marked on each fide with a few 
white fpots ; the legs are covered with brown fea- 
thers; and the edges of the toes are peftinated. 
The female has a duficy bill and a red throat; 
the head, neck, and back, are m.arked vvith tranf- 
verfe bars of red and black ; the breaft is adorned 
with fome white Ipots, the lower part being of a 
plain orange-colour; the belly is barred with pale 
orange and black; the tips of the feathers are 
white ; the plumage of the back, and the fcapulars, 
are black, the edges being mottled with black and 
plain reddifh brown ; the fcapulars are tipt v/ith 
white; and the tail is of a deep ruft-coiour, barred 
with black tipt with white, and confifting of fix- 
teen feathers. The female is confiderably f-naller 
than the male. 
This diverfity betv/cen the male and female has 
induced fome authors to confider them as two dif- 
ferent fpecies; and Gefner calls the male the g-ry- 
gallus major, and the female grvgallus minor."^ 
The Grous is difcovered in no other part of 
Britain 
