G R U 
"^^ith white, and become gradually fhorter from 
the centre; but the two middlcmoft feathers are 
much longer than any of the reft, very narrow, 
and of a dufky colour. The covert-feathers of 
the wings are beautifully variegated with arch 
lines of an orange and coffee colour, their tips be- 
ing white; the quills next the back are of the 
fame colour with the back itfelf, and the reft are 
a dark afti-colour, becoming gradually black to- 
wards their tips; the fore-parts of the legs are co- 
vered with white feathers, like hair; and the feet 
are bare, and afh-coloured. 
This fpecies, v/hich is found in the vicinity of 
Aleppo, was firft defcribed by Dr. Ruffel. 
GRUB. The Englifti name of the hexapode 
worms or map-oots hatched from the eo-o-s of bee- 
ties. They are excellent bait for feveral fpecies of 
fifties. See S-:arab^us. 
GRUB, BOX, OR BOX PUCERON. A 
kind of infecl approaching to the nature of the 
puceronof the elder and other trees; but differing 
from that animal in fome elTential charafters, which 
refer it more properly to the fame genus with the 
fig-infe6l, or falfe puceron. 
Thefe infefts frecuently change their ftiins and 
colours, after the rrianner of pucerons. At firft 
they are reddifli, and extremely fmall; after this, 
they diveft theinfelves of their flvins, and become 
yellowifh; then of a deeper yellow, fpotted with 
black; and, finally, when at their full growth, they 
are greenifli, with black antenna;. The exuvite 
which thele creatures leave behind them have often 
a fmall portion of their excrements affixed to 
them. 
Reaumur, who was indefatigable in his exertions 
to know the hiftory of thefe minute infefts, found 
that they finally became flies of a peculiar kind, 
refembling tiiofe of the fig-infect: they hopped 
after the manner of grafhoppers, but with very 
fhort bounds; and the genitals of both fexes were 
eafily perceived in the different individuals ; though 
he was never able to difcover any eggs, or embryo 
worms, in the female, 
GRUINA. An appellation given by fome 
authors to the tipula, or father-long-legs ; fo called 
from the fimilarity of it's legs to thofe of the crane. 
GRUNDEL, OR GRUNDLING. A pro- 
vincial appellation for the common loach ; a fmall 
frefh-water fifli known among authors by the 
names of cobitis and fundulus. 
GRUNDLING. A German name for the 
gobio fluviatiiis, or common gudgeon. 
GRUNDULUS. A claffical term for the 
grundling, or loach, a fpecies of the cobitis ; and 
diitinguifTied by Artedi under the name of the 
fmooth-fpotted cobitis with a cylindric body. 
GRUNNIENS PISCIS, or GRUNTING 
FISPI. This fifh, which is caught in many parts 
of the oriental feas, is by the Dutch called Knorre 
Pot. It feems to be of the gurnard kind, and 
nearly related to the guabi-coara of the Brazilians. 
When firft taken out of the water, it makes a re- 
markable grunting noife, from which circumftance 
it derives it's name. It has two lateral lines on 
each fide running from the gills to the tail, one of 
them being brown and the other yellow; it is co- 
vered with very iinall fcales; and is a very fat and 
flefhy filTi of an excellent flavour. It feldom ex- 
ceeds feven inches in length ; but it's head is large 
and difproportionable. 
GRUS. The claffical name for the crane. 
See Crane. 
GRUS BALEARICA. See Crane, Balea- 
RIC 
GRYGALLUS. The common clalTical ap- 
pellation for the grous. See Grous. 
GRYLLOTALPA. A name given by au- 
thors in general to the mole-cricket. See Crick- 
et, Mole. 
GRYLLUS. An appellation given by fome 
writers to the conger, or fea-eel. Ritterfhufius, 
who has publifhed commentaries on Op{)ian's 
Elalieutics, has called the gongros of that author 
by this word, but certainly very improperly. Ar- 
tedi, in order to obviate all occafion of error in 
future, has not allowed this fifli any generic name; 
but makes it a fpecies of his genus of mura;na, 
and diftinguifhes it from all the others by the name 
of the mur^ena with the rim of the back-fin black. 
GRYLLUS VULGARIS. A name given 
by Gefner and Bellonius to the ophidion of the 
generality of authors; and diftinguifiied by Artedi 
under that of the ophidion with four cirri or beards 
at the lower jaw, Pliny calls this fiili the pif- 
ciculus congro fimilis. 
GUACAGUAXA. The Brazilian appellation 
for a bird of the larus or gull kind; the eggs of 
which are much valued, though the flefti is reck- 
oned improper for food. The Portuguefe call this 
bird the gaviota. 
GUACAPvI. An American fifli of a round- 
ifli, or, in ibme varieties, of a pyramidal figure. 
It's head is flat below, and roundifli on the upper 
part; it's mouth, which is fmall and round, is 
placed in the under-part of the head, and fur- 
nifhed with a fort of beard refemblino; fhort fecr_ 
ments of hogs bnftles; the back fin is fomewhat 
prickly, as in the perch; the tail is fupported by 
ftrong nerves, and very forked; the head is covered 
with a hard flielly cruft, and the body with rough 
triangular fcales having a tubercle in the middle j 
fo that the whole fifh feems invefted with a coat 
of armour, and has a quadruple arrangement of 
tubercles on each fide. The body is entirely of a 
fafTron colour, fomewhat deeper on tlie belly than 
on any other part; and is variegated throughout 
with brown fpots, each of the fize of a muilard- 
feed. 
A^nother variety of this fifh is wholly brown, 
fpotted with fmall fpecks of a fine deep black. 
Both are efteemed proper for food^ and are tolera- 
bly well flavoured. 
GUACUCUA. A Brazilian appellation for a 
kind of water-bat. 
GUACUIA. A very fingular fifli caught on 
the iliores of the Brazils; called by fome authors 
the vefpertilio aquaticus ; and, by others, the mo- 
noceros pifcis. The anterior part of the body of 
this fifh is fhaped like a plough; the head is about 
fix inches long, and four wide in the broadeft part; 
the hinder part of the body is round and pointed 
towards the tail; the general figure is broad and 
flat; and from between the eyes fprings a fingle 
horn, near two fingers in length, hard and coni- 
cal. The mouth is pretty wide, but deftitute of 
teeth; the flvin is tough, but without fcales ; and 
the ventral fins feem to anfwer the purpofes of 
feet. This animal is brown on the back, red on 
the belly, and full of tubercles; approaching the 
moft nearly of any other fifli to the rana pifcatrix. 
GUAIA APARA. The name of a South 
American crab very beautifully variegated; one 
end of the body being termiinated by a circle, and 
the other by a right line. It is about three inches 
4 T broad. 
