hu€; the iov/er chap is orange-coloured; and the 
top of the head is covered v/ith long black feathers, 
forming a pendent creft. The fides and upper 
part of the head are white; the neck is covered 
with long, brown, flender feathers, tranfverfely 
barred with duf^y on the hinder part; the back, 
and the upper fides of the wings and tail, are of 
a brownifh afli-colour; and the fkin which con- 
neifts the joints of the v/ings is covered with du{l;y 
feathers tipt with red. The bread is white, 
fbrinkled v/ith long black fpots, mixed with a little 
reddifii brown; the thighs are of a reddifh brown 
colour; the belly is white; the back is invefted 
with a cinereous down, concealed by the long fea- 
thers fpringing from the flioulders; the legs are 
covered with dufky fcales; the claws are black; 
and the outer toes are joined to the middle ones, 
towards their bafes, by a thin web. 
Heron, Yellowish Ash-Coloured, of 
Marseilles. This fpecies refembles the com- 
mon Heron in fhape; but it's colours are diffe- 
rent, and it is deftitute of a creft. The bill and 
the head are very long; the neck is cinereous; the 
belly is afli-coloured, and feveral black and brovv'n 
lines run between it and the throat; the upper part 
of the tail and back are red; the prime-feathers of 
the wings are black; and the coverts are of a deep 
yellow hue. 
Heron, Yellow and Green. The bill of 
this fpecies is three inches long, black above, and 
yellow underneath ; the irides, as well as part of 
the neck down to the chin, are white; but the re- 
mainder of the neck, the top of the head, tlie breaft, 
and the belly, are variegated with brown lines; and 
the back is black. The wings are yellowilh with 
black fpots ; the tail-feathers, which are fhort and 
white, exhibit the appearance of hair; the thighs 
are cinereous; the feet are black; and the claws 
are yellow at their extremities. This bird is a 
native of France, and fome other continental coun- 
tries. 
Heron, Brazilian, with a serrated Bill. 
This bird is fomewliat larger than the duck : the 
fore-part of the bill, both above and below, is 
double notched; the irides are of a gold colour; 
and all the upper part of the head and neck has 
pretty long feathers, of a pale yellow hue, miot- 
tled with black. The lower part of the neck, the 
breafl", and the lower belly, are covered with white 
feathers waved with brown; but the back and 
wings are brown undulated with yellow. The 
prime-feathers of the wings have an equal mixture 
of black and afh- colour; and t!ie tail-feathers ai-e 
tranfverfely barred v/ith white lines. 
Heron, Black, of Aldrovandus. The neck 
of this bird is confiderably fhorter than that of the 
common Heron; the colour is every where uni- 
form, being blackilli, except on the neck, where 
it is encompaffed with a white ring; and the bill 
is yellow, with a black fpot at the end of the upper 
and lower mandible. 
Heron, Crab. This bird, which is common 
in the Caribbee Iflands, receives it's name from 
feeding ufuaily on crabs. Of this fpecies there 
are two varieties. The firft differs very little from 
the European Heron, except that it has four large 
yellow fpots on the flcin of the belly, and an equal 
number on the thighs : thefe fpots, which are bitter 
as gall, inuft be carefully extrafted after the bird is 
~ killed, otherwlfe they impart a very difagreeable 
bitternefs to the flefh, v/hich, when properly dref- 
fed, is elteemed pretty good. 
The other variety of the Crab Heron is verv 
beautiful. The body is of a larger make than 
that of other birds of the fame genus, and yet the 
neck is three inches longer than the whole body. 
The wings are of an equal length with the tail; 
and the legs are long, fiender, and grcenifli. The 
head is black ; and on it's top there is a beautiful 
tuft of blueifn feathers, below which there are two 
pendent plumes of fine flender flate-coloured fea- 
thers about nine inches in length : the eyes, which 
are large and bright, are kirrounded with a gold- 
coloured circle; on the lov/er pait of the neck 
there are five or fix elegant white plum.es, which 
are extremely valued by the natives of the Carib- 
bees, efpecially as they are only found on old birds. 
The whole back is covered v/ith elegant blueifli 
feathers; and the plumage of the win^s is of the 
fame colour. 
Heron, Blueish Black. This bird, v/hich Is 
fometimes called the black and blue gauldins, is 
about eighteen inches long; the bill, v/hich mea- 
fures two inches and a half, is covered near the 
bafe with a green fi<in, but the refl: is blueifn ; on 
the top of the head <:here is a creff of long blueifh 
black feathers; of which - colour likewile is the 
whole body, except the breafc and belly, v/hich are 
lighter; and the legs, which are feven inches long, 
are covered v/ith greenifh fcales. 
Hercn, Blue. This fpecies is about the fize 
of the common Fleron; it's length, from the tip 
of the bill to t]:e end of the toes, is three feet; and 
it's v/eight is nearly three pounds. The bill is 
wholly black, flighdy incurvated downwards, and 
hooked at the point; the head is adorned v/ith z 
beautiful creft of fl<y-blue plumes; but the fides 
of the head from the bill, and the under part next 
the eyes, are white. The covert and fcapular 
feathers of the wings are of a pale blue colour, bus 
the quill-feathers are black with blue edges. The 
reft of the body is of a blueifh lead-colour; the 
feet are yellowifn, with very long toes; the middle 
claw is ferrated ; and the exterior toes are connec- 
ted to the miiddle by a membrane. 
HERK.ING. The Herring is a fpecies of the 
clupea. It's diftinguifliing charafcers are; that 
there are eight branchioftegous rays; and th.-at the 
belly is extremely fharp, and frequently ferrated. 
Herrings differ greatly in fize; but their ufual 
length is from nine to tv/elve inches. The back 
and fides are green varied with blue, and the belly 
is filvery ; a fcaly line runs along the belly froni 
the head to the tail ; the fcales, which are large and 
thin, eafily fall off; the eyes are very laree; the 
edges of the upper jaw, and the tongue, are ven/ 
rough, but the mouth is deftitute of teeth. The 
gill-covers are extremely loofe and patulous, which 
occafions the imjmediate death of the filh v/hen 
taken out of it's native element; and hence the 
v/ell-known proverb, ' As dead as a Herring.' The 
dorfal fin confifts of feventeen rays; the tv/o ven- 
tral fins have nine, the pedloral feventeen, and the 
anal fourteen. "'The tail is extremely forked ; the 
lateral line is hid beneath the fcales ; and the fides 
are compreffed. 
Herrings are found in the greateft abundance la 
the higher northern latitudes. In thofe unnavi- 
gable feas which are covered v/ith ice for a great 
part of the year, they find a quiet and fafe retreat 
iiom all tlieir numerous enemies: thither neither 
man, nor their ftill more deftru6liv"e enemy the 
fin-fifii, nor tlie cachalot, dares to punue them. 
The quantity of infeft food v/hich thofe feas fup- 
