LUG 
round lump, with a very long tail, and fmall legs 
or fins on each fide; the body being of a greyifli 
colour, inclining to green. It is caught- in the 
Oriental feas near Batavia j and it's flefh, though 
difagreeabie to Europeans, is commonly eaten by 
the Japanefe and Chinefe. 
LUCERNA. A fifii of the cuculus kind, 
approaching to the figure of the hirundo, caught 
in the Mediterranean and fome other feas. The tail 
is nightly bifid ; the lateral lines near the tail divide 
into two parts: the fcales are fmall ; on the back 
there is a narrow furrow edged by twenty-five 
fpines on each fide; and the gill-fins are of fuch 
uncommon dimenfions, that they appear like wings. 
This fifh preys on fhrimps, and other fmall ma- 
rine animals. 
LUCERNE. A Venetian name for the filli 
more commonly known by that of uranofcope. 
It is a fpecies of trachinus, v/ith a number of 
)3eard5 on the lower jaw. 
LUCIOPERCA. A frefli-water filh caught 
in the Danube and other large rivers, called alfo 
fchilus and nagumulus. It grows to a confider- 
able fize, fometimes meafuring four feet in length; 
and it's flefh is efteemed very delicate and nutri- 
tious. It is of a longer fhape than the river perch, 
and grows narrower towards the tail ; the fnout is 
longer and more pointed; the back is much lefs 
prominent ; and the figure, on the whole, more 
nearly refembles that of the pike than the perch. 
However, the belly is broad and flat, and on the 
anterior part of the back there is a narrow fulcus 
in the centre. The fcales are ranged very clolely 
together, and fimbriated round the edges; the 
breaft is perfectly fmooth ; the fides are of a brown- 
ilh yellow colour; and the belly and fins are red. 
LUCIUS. An appellation fometimes given to 
the common pike. 
LUCIUS MARINUS. A name by which 
fomie ichthyologifts exprefs the merlucius, a fifli 
commonly known in England by that of the hake. 
Lucius Marinus is alfo ufed by many au- 
thors to fignify the fudis; called alfo by fom.e, 
fphvrsna. 
LUCIUS TERRESTRIS; the land pike. 
A very Angular fpecies of American lizard, in 
many refpefts refembling the aquatic pike; having 
four weak flender legs in the room of the fins of 
that fifti, by means of which it is barely enabled 
to crawl along the ground after the manner of the 
fnake. It is commonly about fifteen inches long, 
and of a proportionable thicknefs; and is entirely 
covered with fmall firrong, gloffy fcales, of a fil- 
very grey colour. In the day-time it retires into 
holes and caverns, where it emits a loud and 
difcordant noife. It feldom quits it's retreat ex- 
cept in the dufk of the evening ; but, when it 
happens to be furprized by day-light, it's very 
aukward motions, added to it's hideous figure, 
excite every fenfation of averfion and difgufl:. 
LUGGS. A provincial appellation for a fpe- 
cies of infefts found in great plenty on the Cor- 
rifh coafl:s. It is of the nature of the fcolopendra, 
and diftinguiflied by Ray under the name of 
vermis fcolopendroides. This creature grows to 
the length of twelve inches; and, inftead of legs, 
is furnilhed with nineteen pair of ftilF briftles, all 
pointing forwards. The tail is about five inches 
long; and the body, which is rounded, greatly 
refembles that of the common earth-worm. 
LUGMON. A Philippine appellation for a 
fpecies of turtle-dove, the female of which has a 
beautiful tuft of pale red feathers on her breaft. 
L U M 
LUMBRICUS. See Earth-worm. 
LUMNAE; theColymbusAraicusofLinnjEul. 
A name given to the black-throated diver, an 
aquatic bird common about Iceland, and fomc 
other parts of the hyperborean regions. This crea - 
ture, which is very beautiful, is about the fize 
of the common duck: the beak is black, fharp, 
and about two inches long; the head and neck 
are covered with grey plumage, which runs eachi 
way to a fharp edge, and appears like a hood or 
cowl; the back and wings are black, variegated 
with fquare fpecks of white ; and exaftly under 
the neck there is a large fquare black fpot. The 
belly is white; the legs are fhort; and the feet are 
webbed. 
The natives of thofe countries where thefe birds 
ufually refide, regard them in fome meafure as 
facred, and preferve them with the highcft vene- 
ration ; but the Icelanders, who facrifice their par- 
tialities to neceflity, are very dextrous in catching 
them for food. 
LUIMP FISH; the Cyclopterus Lumpus of 
Linnseus. A thick, fhort marine fifh; called alfb 
the fucker, the fea-owl, and the cock-paddle. 
This Angular fifh fometimes meafures nineteeri 
inches in length, and weighs about feven pounds: 
the figure of the body refembles that of the bream, 
being deep and very thick; the back is fharp a^d 
elevated ; and the belly is broad and flat. The 
irides are of a pale red colour; the lips, mouth, 
and tongue, are a deep red; the jaws are armed 
with innumerable fmall teeth ; and the tongue is 
very thick. Along the ridge of the back there is 
a row of large bony tubercles; from above the eye, 
almoft to the rife of the tail, there is another row; 
beneath that there is a third ^ and on each fide of 
the belly there is a fourth row, confiiring of five 
tubercles like the reft. The whole f]<in is rough, 
and befet with fmall tubercles. On the upper 
part of the back there is a thick ridge, by fome 
called a fin, though deftitute of fpines ; beneath 
that is placed the dorfal fin, of a brownifli colour, 
reaching within an inch of the tail; and exaftly 
oppofite, on the belly there is another of a fimjlar 
form. The belly is of a vivid crimfon colour; 
the peftoral fins, wliich are large and broad, 
almoft unite at their bafes; and beneath thefe is 
fituated the member by which the fifh adheres to 
rocks, a quality it pofTeflfes in a remarkable de- 
gree. This member confifts of an oval aperture, 
ilirrounded by a fiefliy mufcular, and obtufe 
fpongeous flibftance, fimbriated with fmall filiform 
appendages, which concur as fo many clafpers. 
By the affiftance of thefe fingular appendages, 
the Lump-fifli adhere with aftonifhing firmnefs to 
any objeft on v/hich they fix themfelves. As 
an inftance of their tenacity, one of them has been 
known to be thrown into a pail of water, and to 
unite itfelf fo clofely to the bottom, that, on 
feizing it by the tail, the whole pail was lifted by 
that means, (though it contained feveral gallons) 
and that without dilengaging the animal from it's 
hold. 
Thefe fifh are caught in many parts of the Bri- 
tifh feas ; and are fometimes expofed to fale in the 
fliops of the London fifliirionger's ; but their fiefii 
is flabby and infipid, and confequently little 
efteemed. During the fpring feafon, they are very 
common on the northern coafts of Scotland, where 
they aff^ord fubfiftence to the feals, and other pre- 
daceous animals of the deep. Great numbers are 
alfo found in the Greenland feas, about the months 
of April and May, when they refort to the ftiores 
in 
