ftnd is iiniverfally more rough than at other fea- 
fons. 
RED-GAME. A provincial appellation for 
the fowl common in the mountainous parts of 
Yorklhire and other counties ; to which fome 
give the name of the gor-cock. 
RED-POLE. This bird, which is fiippofed 
to be a native of Rennfylvania, has a blaclv, flen- 
der, fharp-pointed bill; the top of the head is red; 
the upper fide of the body, from the head to the 
tail, is green; and the under fide is of a bright 
yellow hue, the breaft and belly being fpotted 
with red down the ihafts of the feathers. Tire 
wings and tail are duil<:y, edged with yellow, ex- 
cept fome of the longed quills, which are wholly 
blackidi ; and the legs and feet are of a duflcy 
fielh-colour. 
Red-Pole, Yellow. This bird, which v/as 
firft figured and defcribed by Edwards from a live 
fpecimen, appears to be a variety of the Canary 
bird, whofe note it imitates. The upper mandi- 
ble is duficy, the lower of a yellov/ifli flefn-co- 
lour; tiie eyes are dark; and the crown of the 
head is of a bright reddilli orange colour. The 
fides and hinder part of the head, the throat, 
breaft, belly, thighs, and coverts beneath the rail, 
are of a bright yellov/ hue. The hinder part of 
the neck, the back, v,'ings, and tail, are covered 
with dulky plumage, fringed with olive green, 
fomewhat more yellowifh on the rump than on 
other parts ; and the legs and feet are of a blueifh 
fiefh-colour. 
REDSHANK ; the Scolopax Calidris of Lin- 
naeus. An aquatic bird ; called alfo galllnula 
crythropus, and callidrys. It is about the fize of 
the common plover; the back is of a greyifh or 
brownifh green colour fpotted with black; the 
neck is grey; the throat is variegated v/ith black 
and white; the breaft is white, with a few loofe 
ftrcaks of black; and the wing-feathers are diver- 
fified with black, brown, and v^hite. The bill is 
long, ilcnder, and fhaped like that of a woodcock, 
reddifti at the bafe, and blackifti lower down; 
and the legs are of a mo[i beautiful red colour. 
This bird, which breeds in fens and m.arfhes, 
is foun.d on moft of our ftiOres; conceals iifelf 
during the winter in gutters; and is generally ob- 
ferved fingly, or at moft in pairs. When di- 
fcurbed, it flies round it's neft, making a noife 
like the lapwing. It lays four eggs, of a v/hitifn 
colour tinged with olive, and marked with irre- 
gular fpots of black, particularly on the thicker 
end. 
Pennant mentions a variety v.'hich he dlftin- 
guifties by the epithet of the Cambridge Red- 
fhank, that is confiderably larger than the com- 
mon one. The head, the upper part of the neck, 
and the back, are of a cinereous brown hue; the 
Icirer coverts of the wings are brov/n edged v/ith 
dull white, and barred v/ith black; the prim.aries 
are duflcy ; the fecondaries are barred with dufky 
and white; the under fide of the breaft and neck 
are of a dirty white colour; the tail is bari-ed with 
cinereous and black; and tlie legs are of an orange 
red. 
Redse-iank, Spotted; the Chevalier Rouge of 
Briiion. This fpecies is equal in fize to the 
greenftiank; the head is of a pale afli-colour, 
marked with oblong ftreaks of black; and the 
back is dufky, variegated with triangular fpots of 
white. The coverts of the wings are afti-co- 
loured, IpoLted in the lam^e nianncr; the quiil- 
RED 
feathers are dufi:y; tl,e breaft, belly, and thighs, 
are white; the middle feathers of the tail are afii- 
coloured; the fide-feathers are whitifh, barred 
with black; and the legs are long, and of a beau- 
tiful bri2;ht red. 
REDSTART; the Motacilla Flicenirurus of 
Linnseus. The bill and legs of the male of this 
beautiful bird are black; the forehead is winte; 
the crown of the head, the hind part of the neck, 
and the back, are of a deep blue grey colour; the 
cheeks and throat are black; the breaft, rump, 
and fides, are red; and the two middle feathers 
of the tail are brown. In the female, the too 
of the head and the back are of a deep afh- 
colour; the rump and tail are of a duller red than 
thofe of the male; the chin is white; the lower 
fide of the neck is cinereous; and the breaft is of 
a paler red. 
This bird appears in Britain only in the fpring 
and fiimm.er; and is obferved to vifit us nearly 
about the fame time as the nightingale. It builds 
it's neft in fome hollow tree, the hole of a wall, 
or other building, lining ic with mofs externally, 
and internally with hair and feathers. It lays 
four or five eggs, refembling thofe of the hedge- 
fparrov/, but rather paler, and more taper at the 
lefs extremity; and if thefe eggs are but touched, 
the Redftart is fo remarkably {hy, as inftantiy to 
forfake it's neft. It's note is foft and melodious; 
but being naturally fuUen, it Is tamed with ex- 
treme difficulty. It is remarkable for fhaking 
it's tail, and moving it horizontally, after the 
manner of a dog when fawning. 
Redstart, Indian. The bill of this bird is 
duf!;y at the bafe, and black at the point; the top 
of the head is covered with long, foft, black fea- 
thers, hanging over behind in the fhape of a creft; 
and under each eye there is afcarlet ipot, encom- 
pafixid with white on the lower fide. The throat, 
breaft, belly, and thighs, are white; but the fides 
of the neck and breaft are black. The hinder 
part of the neck, thej^ack, wings, and tail, are of 
a dark brown hue; the ridge of the wing next 
the breaft is v/hitifti; the feathers about the vent, 
and the coverts beneath the tail, are of a vivid 
red; and the legs and feet are duflcy. 
This bird is a native of Bengal, in the Eaft 
Indies. 
Redstart, Blue-Throat. This fpecies, 
which is fuppofed to be a native of Spain or the 
Barbary coaft, is fomewhat larger than the com- 
mon Redftart. The bill is ftraight, ficnder, and 
blackifti; the upper fide of the head, neck, back, 
and wings, is of a dark dirty brown hue, the edges 
of the feathers being fomiCwhat lighter; a dull 
orange-coloured line paffes above the eye; and 
from tlie angles of the mouth another line of the 
fame colour runs under the eye, beneath v.'hich 
tliere is a narrow line of faint blue. The throat, 
from the bill downv/ards, is Vs'hke; on the lower 
part of the neck there is a blue fem.iiunar ipot, 
the angles pointing upwards; the beginning of 
the breaft, for a fmall fpace, is orange-coloured, 
narrower in the centre, reaching a little farther 
down on the fides ; the remainder of the breaft, 
belly, thighs, and coverts under the tail, is white; 
the nvo central feathers of the tail are dark brov/n ; 
and t'ne reft on each fide are orange, with blackiHi 
tips half an inch deep. The covert-feathers on 
the upper fide of the tail are of a dirty orange co- 
lour; and the legs, feet, and claws, are brown. 
R..D0TART, Grey. This fpecies is about tlie 
fhape 
