Hiape and fize of the common Redfcart : the bill 
is flender, ftraight, and of a dark brov/n coiour ; 
the forehead, for a little fpace above the bill, to- 
gether with the fides of the head and throaty are 
black ; and on tlie forepart of the head, behind 
the black, there is a narrovv fpace of white, ex- 
tending backwards above the eyes on each fide. 
The top of the head, the neck, back, breaft-, and 
coverts of the wings, are of a blueifli grey or afti- 
coloiir ; the quills famewhat incline to brown ; 
and the exterior webs of the middlcmoft are 
•white. The rump and coverts of the tail, both 
above and beneath, are of a bright orange co- 
lour ; the two central feathers of the tail are 
brown ; the fucceeding ones on each fide are 
orange with fmall brown tips; and the extreme 
feathers are wholly orange-coloured. The lower 
belly and thighs are v/hitej and the legs, feet, 
and claws, are dufl^y. 
This bird was imported from Gibraltar by 
Catefoy, and is probably a native of Old Spain. 
Ri:nsTART, Amhirican. This bird has a 
ftraight, ficnder bill, of a duflcy colour, paler to- 
v/ards the head, and black at the point; the bafis 
of the upper mandible being befet v/ith black 
hairs or bridles. The head, neck, back, and 
wings, are black, except the bottoms of the 
qv.iils, which are orange-coloured; and the fides 
and coverts under the wings are of a bright 
orange colour: the black from the lower part of 
the neck extends in an obiufe point into the 
breaPc; v/hence proceeds a vdiite lift along the 
belly, gradually widening; fo that the thighs, 
lower belly, and coverts under the tail, are white, 
except a fev/ black fpots in the lower part of the 
beily. The two middle feathers of the tail are 
wholly black; the fide-feathers are orange-co- 
loured at their bottoms, and black at their tips; 
and the legs, feet, and claws, are black. 
This bird is a native of Jamaica. Sir Hans 
Sioane defcrlbes it under the appellation of the 
fmall black and orange-coloured bird: and 
Catefoy, in his Hiftory of Carolina, informs us, 
that it frequents the fliady woods of Virginia; 
that it is feen only in fummerj and that the hens 
are brown. 
RED STONE POLL. A name by which 
fome Englilli ornithologius exprefs a fpecies of 
linnet. 
RED TAPE FISH. This fifTi is common in 
the Italian Seas; and at Genoa is known under 
the appellation of cavagiro, and fraggia. The 
body is long and (lender, flatter on the fides than 
an eel, and grows gradually more flerider from 
the head to the tail. The back and fides are 
wholly of a palilli red colour; but the belly is 
v/hite. The fcales of this fifh are fo fnall, that 
they are fcarcely perceptible. It has a fingle row 
•of flender fnarp teeth; and near each fide of the 
upper jaw there is a black fpot. The eyes are 
large, and fu.'-rounded with fiivery irides. The 
dorfal fin reaches from the head to the tail; and 
oppofite to it there is another from the vent to 
the tail : in full grown fubjetls, thefe are of a 
beautiful yellow hue on the lower part; but the 
upper edge is of a reddifn purple. The exterior 
rays of the tail are of a purple colour; but thofe 
in the middle areyellov/. 
REDvVIInG; the Turdus Iliacusof Linnjeus. 
This bird, called alfo the wind-thrufb, or fwine- 
pipe, is fomewhat finaller than the common 
thrufn, and lefs jetted. The back, neck, and 
Vol. IL 
he.;d, are of the fame colour with thofe of the 
common thrurh; but the Qdes under the wings, 
and the feathers w'iich lint the wings, are orange, 
or dufiiy red. I'he belly and bre-ift are whiciih; 
the throat is yellowife, mai'lced v/lth brown; and 
the v.'ings are chefnut, with fome variegations. 
This bird feeds on infefts; and in this country 
is ir.igratory, appearing in large fiocks about the 
fame time as the fitldfire, and departing nearly 
at the fame feafon Vv^ith that bird. 
The flefn of the Redwing is bitteriPn, and 
therefore lefs valued than that of congenerous 
birds. In this country it has a difagreeable pip- 
ing note; but in Sweden, during the fpring, it 
fings very melodioufly, perching on the top of 
fome tree among the foi ells of m,aples. It builds 
it's nefl: in hedges, and lays fix blueifli green eggs 
fpotted with black. 
REED-SPARROW, or BUNTING; the 
Emberiza Schceniclus of Linnsiis. The head, 
chin, and throat of the male, are blaci: ; the tongue 
is livid; and at each angle of the mouth a white 
ring comm.ences, vv'hich encircles the head. Ac 
the approach of winter, the head changes to hoary ; 
but, on the return of fpring, it refumes it's prif- 
tine jetty hue. The whole under fide of the 
body is white; the back, the coverts of the wings, 
and the fcapulars, are black, deeply bordered 
with red; the two middle feathers of the tail are 
of the fame colours; and the three fucceeding 
ones are black. The exterior web, and part of 
the interior of the extreme feather, are v/hite. 
The head of the female is rufb-coloured, fpotted 
with black; fne v/ants the white ring round the 
neck; but, in other refpefts, refembles the male. 
This bird frequents mariliy places, moft com- 
monly among reeds, from v/hence it receives it's 
name. It's nefc is v/orthy of obfervation for the 
artful manner in v/hich it is confcruded, beinp- 
fafcened to four reeds, and fufpended by them, 
like a hammocl:, about three feet above the wa- 
ter: the cavity is deep, but narrov/; and the ma- 
terials confift of ruflies, fine bents, and hairs. It 
lays four or five eggs of a bkieifii v/hite 'colour, 
irregularly marked with purplifii veins, efbecially 
on the larger ends. 
The P^eed-Sparrow is much admdred for it's 
voice; and, like the nightingale, adds to the noc- 
turnal hanr.ony of the grove. 
REEVE. An appellation uiually given to 
the female of the avis pugnax or ruffe. See 
Ruffe. 
REGESTOLA. A name by which fome or- 
niti'ioIogifi:s exprefs the larger butcher-bird; a 
very fmall liawk, not exceeding the common 
thrufli in magnitude, but extremely fierce and 
voracious. 
REGINA AURARUM. An appellation 
given by Nierembergto a bird called by the Mexi- 
cans Cozcacoauhtli, and v/hich receives it's nam.e 
from a faculty of flying againft the ftrongeft v/inds. 
It is equal to the eagle in magnitude: the v/hole 
body is of a blackilh purple hue, variegated v/ith 
a brownifli yellow and a deep black; the winci-s 
are a mixture of black, yellow, and grey; the lep-s 
are red; the claws are firong and fliarp; and the 
beak refembles that of a parrot. It has fome ru- 
gofe fls:in on the forehead, and about the beak; 
and it's tail is black above, and white beneath. 
It feeds on all kinds of reptiles and vermfm; flies 
very high; and is a native of Mexico. 
Extraordinary medicinal virtues have by fome 
3 N . been 
