R O S ROT 
terials for their neft; the outfide conHfting chiefly 
of flicks, and the infnie ufually lined with fibrous 
roots; the whole regularly and fubftantially dif- 
pofed. Sometimes, however, the young couple 
give offence in making choice of a fpot too near 
the manfion of an older pair; a quarrel confe- 
quently enfues, and the old ones generally prove 
vicflorious. 
The young couple, thus expelled, deliberate 
and examine as before; and having now taken 
care to keep their due diftance, they again begin 
to build, and in three or four days ufually compleat 
their neft. Though they have frequent fKirmifhes, 
all hoftilities ceafe whenever the female begins to 
lay; and not one of the whole grove, that treated 
her roughly but a little before, now attempts to 
inol'rft her. 
Though native Rooks are fometimes feverely 
handled by each other, yet if a foreign one fhould 
attempt to make hinifelf a denizen of their fociety, 
he would meet with no mercy ; the whole grove 
would immediately fet themfelves againft, and 
drive him from the premifes. 
In fome countries. Rooks are confidered as a 
bleffing; in others, as a nuifancc: but they are 
generally fuppofcd to be as ferviceable in deftroy- 
ing noxious infcdls, as they can poffibly be inju- 
rious in confuming the labours of indufcry. The 
female lays the fame number of eggs with the 
crow: their colours are alike; but thofc of the 
former are fmalleft. 
ROQUET. A fmall fpccies of Weft Indian 
lizard, of a reddifti brown colour, variegated with 
black and yellow fpots. It's fore-legs are re- 
markably long for a creature of this kind ; it's 
eyes are peculiarly vivid and fparkling; and it's 
head is always carried ereft. It is almoft incef- 
fantly in motion, hopping about like a bird ; and 
ufually carries it's tail bent into a femicircle over 
it's back. It is neither fhy nor timorous; feems 
fond of human fociety; and, when tired, opens 
it's mouth andpanis, lolling out it's tongue like 
a dog. 
ROSE-FLY. A peculiar fpecies of fly pro- 
duced from a baftard caterpillar frequently found 
on rofe-bufties; from which circumftance it re- 
ceives it's name. 
The male of this fly has a long body; and the 
female, which has a fhort and thick one, depofits 
her eggs in fmall holes, which fhe forms in the 
bark of the young branches by means of a re- 
markable inftrument placed at the hinder part of 
her body. 
The Rofe-Fly is furniflied with four wings; 
and is fo extremely common during the fummer 
months, that it may be traced on almoft every 
fhrub. It's head and breaft are black; it's wings 
are alfo edged with black ; and it's body and legs 
are yellow, except that the latter are marked with 
a few black fpots. 
If an obferver notice thefe flies in the morn- 
ing, as they crawl on the branches of the Rofe- 
tree, he will find them employed in depofiting 
their eggs. The manner in v/hich they perform 
this work is very perceptible; for being naturally 
of a fluggifh difpofition, they will fuffer themfelves 
to be caught; and when one of them is in a pro- 
per fituation, it may be examined by bringing the 
eye near it, and ufing the common magnifying 
glafs, without interrupting it's operations. 
Befides this fpecies, there is another fly of the 
fame genus, produced from a baftard caterpillar 
of the Rofe-tree; and of the fame fhape and ftruc- 
ture Vvith this, but differing in colour. The head 
and breaft are of a deep violet colour; the body is 
yellow; and the legs and wings have a violet 
tinge. This creature alfo depofits it's eggs in 
holes formed in the branches of the Rofe-tree by- 
means of a double faw at the extremity of the 
body, but whereas the former fpecies lays them 
in a fingle ftraight line, this difpofcs them very 
regularly in two rows. 
ROSE-GALLS. An appellation given by 
naturalifts to certain excrefcences on the rofa fyl- 
veftris, or dog-rofe, occafioned by the bites of 
infefts. They are of two kinds, one hard, and 
of a v/oody fubftance; the other fpongious and 
hairy. 
The comimon or hairy Rofe-Gall exhibits too 
Angular an appearance to have efcaped tlie obfer- 
vation of m.ankind in any age. In many parts of 
the world it has been introduced into medicine; 
and is at this time prefcribed in Germany, when 
pulverized, for diarrhcsas, dyfenteries, and other 
diforders of the bowels; to promote urine, and dif- 
folve the ftonc. Thefe Rcfe-Galls, though they 
appear at firft fight to be compofed of tufts of 
hair, are in reality made up offeveral fmall Galls, 
proceeding from a bud on the branch, and form- 
ing a clufter on the part: they are oblong, refem- 
bling the fhape of a plumb-ftone; and each is the 
habitation of a fingle worm, whole cell is in the 
centre. 
All the Rofe-tree Galls afford the fame fpecies 
of worms and flies: the proper inhabitants, how- 
ever, can fcarcely be diftinguilhed by the moft cu- 
rious obferver, from the great variety of fpecies 
which are found in them, all produced from the 
eggs of other flies of the carnivorous kind lodged 
in the Gall, not to feed on the juices of the tree, 
but on the flefli of the original inhabitant. When 
the parent fly, from which the Galls originate, 
has depofited her eggs, and in confequence of this 
operation the tumour begins to be formed, an 
enemy of the ichneumon kind pierces the cover- 
ing, and introduces her offspring to feed on the 
native infecl. 
ROSMARUS. An appellation by which 
fome naturalifts exprefs the fea-horfe, more ufu- 
ally denominated the morfe. See Morse. 
ROSOMACHIA, orROSOMAK. ARuf- 
fian appellation for the glutton. See Glutton. 
RdSPUS. A name by wluch fome natura- 
lifts exprefs that Angular creature called alfo the 
rana pifcatrix or frog-fifli. See A^ngler and Sea- 
Devil. 
ROSSE. A term by which Bellonius expreffes 
that fpecies of cyprinus called in Engliili the 
roach. 
ROSTRATA. A nam>e given by fome orni- 
thologifis to the toucan. See Toucan. 
R.OTCHET. The Englifii appellacion for 
the cuculus of ichthyologifts, more ufually deno- 
minated the red gurnard. 
ROTELE. A name by which fome natura- 
lifts exprefs the rutilus latior, or rubellio fluviati- 
lis; called alfo the rud, or finfcale; a frefli-water 
fifti having red ventral fins, and a tail of the fame 
colour. 
ROTFIALS. A term whereby Gefner and 
fome other naturalifts exprefs the pochard, or red- 
headed widgeon ; a bird diftinguifhed from ail 
others of the duck kind by being deftitute of tiie 
variegations in it's wings. See Pochard. 
ROTHBEINLEN. 
