SHE 
In the temperate climates, the fleeces of thefe 
Sheep are foft and woolly ; but hairy in the warmer 
latitudes. In Aleppo and Syria, they are ufually 
kept in yards, purpofely to prevent their tails be- 
ing damaged. 
Broad-tailed Sheep are alfo found in the king- 
dom of Thibet; where their fleeces, with refpe<ft 
to finenefs, beauty, and length, equal the fo much 
celebrated ones of Caramania. The Cachemi- 
rians engrofs the whole trade; and employ fadlors 
in all parts of Thibet to buy up their wool, which 
is manufaftured into fliawls, fuperior to thofe 
woven from the fleeces of their own country. 
Both the Broad-tailed and Long-tailed va- 
rieties were known to the ancients. 
SiiEEP, Fat-Rumped, Tailless. This va- 
riety abounds in all the defarts of Tartary, from 
the VVolga to the Irtis, and the Altaic Chain. 
They have arched nofes, wattles, pendulous 
cars, and horns like the domeilic kind. Their 
wool is long, coarfe, and in flocks; generally 
white; but fometimes black, reddifn, and often 
fpotted. The legs are flender; the head is black ; 
and the ears are of the fame colour, with a bed of 
white in the middle. The buttocks, which ap- 
pear like two hemifpheres, quite naked and 
fmooth, are compofcd of fuet only, whence Pal- 
las properly ftiles this variety Ovis Steatopyges: 
and their voices, which are fliort and deep, ra- 
ther rcfemble thofe of calves than Sheep. 
Sheep, Cretan ; the Ovis Sterpficeros of Lin- 
nreus. Thefe Sheep, which are found in Crete 
and other iflands of the Archipelago, differ from 
the domeftic breed only in having ftraight fpiral 
horns, furrounded with a v/inding furrow. Buf- 
fon has figured this variety, which Linn;T2us makes 
a diftindt fpecies, under the appellation of the 
Wallachian Sheep. 
Sheep, African; the Ovis Guineenfis of Lin- 
naeus. Tliis variety, which Linnseus confiders 
as one of his three diftinft fpecies, is commonly 
called the Guinea Sheep; and is a native of all the 
tropical climates, both of Africa and the Eaft. 
It is large, with a rough hairy flcin, fliort horns, 
and long pendulous ears. Under it's chin there 
is a kind of dewlap; and it has a long mane, 
which reaches below the neck. It's fliapc indeed 
is fo different from the refc, that it might be con- 
fidered as a different breed, did it not generate 
with the common Sheep. 
Of all the domeftic kinds, the African Sheep 
feem to make the neareft approaches to a ftate of 
nature. They are ftronger, larger, and fleeter, 
than the common breed, and therefore better 
adapted to a precarious foreft-life. Like the reft, 
however, they feem to rely on man for their fup- 
port, beingwholly of a domeftic nature, andfub- 
iifting only in the warmer climates. Their flefli 
is very indifferent food. 
Sheep, Wild ; the Capra-Ammon of Linnaeus. 
See Moufflon. 
Sheep, Bearded. See Tragelaphus. 
SHEEP NOSE-WORMS. A fpecies of fly- 
worm found in the nofes of Sheep, goats, and 
fcags ; generated there from the egg of a large two- 
winged fly. This creature, after it has attained 
it's moft perfcft ftate, leads a very indolent life, 
neither delighting to ufe it's legs nor it's wings. 
It lives about two months, after it is firft pro- 
duced, without receiving any kind of nourifh- 
ment; and poffibly may be of the fame nature with 
the butterflies, v^^hich never take any food during 
their continuance in that ftate. 
Vol. II. 
SHE 
The frontal finufes above the nofe, in fheep 
and other animals, are the places where thefe 
Worms lodge, and attain their full growth. 
Thefe finufes are always replete with a kind of 
matter, which furniflies rhem with their proper 
nourifliment; and having reached the deftined 
fize in which they are fit to undergo their tranf- 
formations for the fly ftate, they quit their former 
habitation, fall on the earth, and there bury them- 
felves. V/hen hatched into flies, the female, 
after being impregnated by the male, from a na- 
tural inftinft, feeks the nofe of a (heep, or other 
animal, as a place of fecurity in which llie may de- 
pofit her eggs, in order to their acquiring ma- 
turity. 
SHEEP-TICK. A well-known infeft, ex- 
tremely common in pafture-grounds about the 
commencement of fummer. The body, which is 
very compreffed and fmooth, is covered with a 
tough {kin; and the fhape is fomewhat quadran- 
gular. The colour is a fhining black, or a black- 
ifh brown. When this infeft fixes it's head in 
the {km of any animal, and particularly the flieep, 
it extradts the blood; and in a flaort time fwells, 
and becomes very large and round. Sometimes 
alfo it fucks the blood of the human fpecies, ad- 
hering to the flcin with great tenacity. 
Moufet informs us, that fome have miftaken 
this creature for the fheep-loufe, from which it 
differs very confiderably; for the fheep-loufe has 
a longer fnout; and the body is never fo much 
fv/elled with blood as that of the Sheep-Tick, con- 
tinuing always flat: befides, the feet are of a dark 
reddifli colour; the back is cinereous, marked 
with three very nninute blackifli points; and the 
fhape of the body is cordiform. The fheep-loufe 
will fometimes live in a fleece for a whole year 
after it has been feparated from the body; an evi- 
dent proof that blood is not effential to it's exift- 
ence, though it feems to fuck out the blood by 
fits when an opportunity offers. 
SHELL. A hard, calcarious cruft, ferving 
to cover and inclofe a kind of animals, which 
have thence received the appellation of teftaceous. 
In order to give a diftinct idea of the manner in 
which Shells in general are formed, we muft have 
recourfe to an animal with the formation of whofe 
covering we are beft acquainted: this is the gar- 
den-fnail, whofe hiftory Swammerdam has fo 
minutely defcribed. As the manner of the forma- 
tion of this creature's Shell extends to that of all 
other teft-aceous creatures, whether they live on 
land or in the water, it may not be unentertaining 
to fet it in as clear a light as poffible, beginning 
v/ith the animal in it's earlieft ftate, and tracing 
the progrefs of it's Shell from the time it firft ap- 
pears. 
The inftant the young fnail quits the egg, it 
carries it's Shell on it's back; and does not leave 
the egg till it is arrived at a certain growth, when 
it's little habitation is fufficiently hardened. This 
beginning of the Shell is not much larger than 
the head of a pin ; but grows in a very rapid man- 
ner, having at firft but two circumvolutions. In 
proportion as the animal grows larger, the circum- 
volutions of the Shell en creafe alfo; till the num- 
ber of thefe volutes amounts to five, which is the 
full number. 
The mouth is the part whereat the animal en- 
larges it's fliell: to this it adds in proportion as it 
finds itfelf ftraitened beneath; and, when about to 
extend it's habitation, it may be feen biting ar?d 
clearing away the fcaly fl-dn that adheres to the 
4 A edges 
