T O U 
long, thin, and flat, and moves Up and down; and 
the animal often extends it five or fix inches from 
the bill: it is of a flelh-colotir; and curioufiy 
fringed on each fide with very fmall filaments, 
exadly refembling a feather. 
It appears evident that this long tongue is 
ftronger than the thin hollow beak that contains 
it : and probably the beak is only a kind of (heath 
for this peculiar inftrument, which the Toucan ^ 
employs not only in forming it's neft, but alfo in 
procuring it's food. 
The Toucan has not only men, birds, and fer- 
pents, to guard againft; but alfo a numerous tribe 
of monkies, ftill more prying and mifchievous. It 
therefore fcoops out it's neft in the hollow of Ibme 
tree, leaving a hole juft large enough for ingrefs 
and egrefs: there it fits, guarding the entrance 
with it's great beakj and if a monkey, prompted 
by curiofity, or any other motive, prefumes to 
pay the Toucan a vifit, he ufually meets with fuch 
a reception as compels him to feek for fafety in a 
ipeedy retreat. 
This bird inhabits only the warm climates of 
South America, where it is much efteemed for the 
delicacy of it's flefh and the beauty of it's plu- 
mage. The feathers of the breaft are particularly 
admired: and the Indians pluck offthefkin of 
this parr, which, when dry, they glue to their 
cheeks; confidering it as an irrefiftible addition 
to their beauty ; and every woman conceiving her- 
felf happy in the poiTelTion of it. 
Toucan, Brazilian ; the Ramphaftos Pifci- 
vorus of Linnsus. This fpecies is about the fize 
of the common tame pigeon; but the head is 
much larger in proportion; and the tail, which 
is compofed of feathers of an equal length, is ra- 
ther fhort. The bill is fix inches long ; it's great- 
eft depth is upwards of two inches; and from fide 
to fide, near the head, it is one inch thick. The 
upper mandible is of a pale yellow greenifh co- 
lour; the fides near the toothed edges have each a 
long cloud of orange, tranfverfely barred with 
black: the lower mandible is of an exceeding fine 
blue colour ; and the point both of the upper and 
lower chap, for above an inch in depth, is of a 
fine fcarlet hue. The noftrils are almoft invifi- 
ble, being fituated pretty near together in the up- 
per part of the bill, exa6lly in the line that fepa- 
rates the bill from the forehead; and the eyes are 
of a dark hazel colour, encircled with a bare fkin 
of a greenifh yellow. The top of the head, the 
tipper fide of the neck, the back, wings, belly, 
thighs, and tail, are black; but the wings have a 
changeable luftre. The fides of the head, the 
throat, and the breaft, are white, or rather cream- 
coloured ; and between the white on the breaft 
and the black belly there is a fine red crefcent, 
with horns pointing upwards. The rump, or co- 
verts on the upper fide of the tail, are white; the 
feathers beyorKi the vent, as well as thofe which 
cover the under fide of the tail, are of a pale red 
hue; and the legs, feet, and claws, are of a light 
blue or violet colour. 
This bird was firft figured and defcribed by 
Edwards. 
Toucan, Yellow -Breasted; 'the Ramphaftos 
Viridis of Linnseus. Like the reft of the genus, 
the bill of this bird is extremely large; the upper 
mandible is green, and the lower blue; the point 
is red; and it has five tranfverfe faint dufl^y bars. 
The irides are of a faint green colour; and round 
the eye there is a broad ipace of naked fl<in of a 
Vol. II. 
T R A 
violet coiouf. The throat and breaft are of a 
bright yellow; below which there is a bar of fcar- 
let feathers, which divides the yellow on the breaft 
from the black on the belly. The coverts of the 
tail are white above, and beneath of a fine red co- 
lour. The crown of the head, the upper part of 
the neck, the back, wings, belly, and tail, are 
wholly black ; but the upper fide of the wings and 
tail has a variable glofs of blueifti purple. 
Toucan, Green. This bird, which feems to 
correfpond with the Toucan a Collier de Cayenne 
of Briffon, was firft accurately figured and de- 
fcribed by Edwards. The bill is blackifh, except 
at it's bafe, which is red round the upper mandi- 
ble, and yellow round the lower; the eyes are 
placed in fpaces of bare fl<;in, of an obfcure flefii- 
colour; and the head, neck, and breaft, are black, 
with feveral changeable gloflPes. About the place 
of the ears, on each fide, there is an oval {pot of 
a gold-colour; and at the bottom of the neck be- 
hind, the black is terminated with a narrow golden 
crefcent, the horns of which tend upwards. The 
back, rump, wings, and tail, are of a fine green 
colour, except the tips of the tail-feathers, which 
are reddifti, and the tips of the quills, which are 
dulky. The inner coverts of the wings are cream- 
coloured ; and the quills within are light-coloured, 
with light edges. The tail is compofed of ten 
feathers, long in the middle, and gradually (hort- 
ening towards the fides; afti-coloured beneath, 
and tipt with brown. The belly is of an olive 
green hue, with a tranfverfe confufed mixture of 
duflcy; the thighs are of a reddifti brown colour; 
and the legs, feet, and claws, are all of a deep black. 
TOURACO ; the Cuculus Perfa of Li nnzeus. 
This bird, which was beautifully delineated by 
Edwards, is about the fize of a magpie; and very 
elegant both in fhape and colour. The bill is 
fhort, and comprefled fideways; the upper man- 
dible is a little arched ; the under fide of the lower 
mandible has a fmall angle; and both the upper 
and lower chaps are of a dirty red or brick co- 
lour. The eye is of a dark hazel-colour, encom- 
pafl^ed with a fkin of a bright fcarlet hue. From 
the corner of the mouth to the eye there is a 
broad black line, which grows narrower, and ex- 
tends itfelf under and beyond the eye, beneath 
which is a white line; and from the corner of the 
mouth another white line extends above the eye. 
The head, neck, breaft, and lefTer coverts of the 
wings, are of a fine dark green colour; atjd the 
head is adorned with a creft-, the tips of which are 
red. The thighs, lower belly, and coverts under 
the tail, are dufky or black; the back, wings, and 
tail, are of a fine blueifh purple colour; part of 
the greater quills, next the belly, are of a fine 
crimfon colour ; the tips and borders of the outer 
webs are black; and the legs, feet, and claws, are 
afh-colourcd. 
Albin calls this the Crown-bird from Mexico; 
though it is moft probably a native of Africa, and 
only imported hither by way of the Weft Indies. 
TRACHIDNA. An appellation by which 
fome ichthyologifts exprefs the draco marinus; in 
Englifh, the wcever. 
TRACHINUS. A genus of -fifties, in the 
Linnaean fyftem, of the order of jugulares: the 
charafters of Vv'hich are; that the head is com- 
preflTed, and not fmooth; the membrane of the 
gills has fix rays; the lower lamina of the oper- 
cula is ferrated; and the anus is fituated near the 
breail:. 
4- S Linnasus 
