492 
FOREST AND STREAM 
[June 22^ 1901. 
lar close up to the dog's neck, holds the cob close in front 
of the dog's nose, and gives the command "Fetch," pulling 
firmly on the collar at the same time. If the dog opens 
his mouth to cry out. the cob is then instantly slipped into 
his mouth, at the same time slackening on the collar and 
slopping all pain. 
The first pull or two will determine the character of the 
pupil. He may be tenderly responsive to the force, or 
grimly sulky aiid mute, or disposed to fight. If he will 
j.-ot open his mouth to a jerk of the collar, the trainer 
catches it close up to the dog's neck, twists his hand 
outward, thereby drawing the collar tightly and shutting 
off the dog:'s wind partially and forcing him to open 
his mouth in a moment. The cob is then put in his 
mouth and the collar at the same time is loosened to end 
the pain., ■■ • • ' ' " 
If he shows fight, the whip is administered while he is 
held to the punishment with the collar, and this is con- 
tinued till all the fight is taken out of him. 
After each command to fetch with the corresponding 
pull on the collar and insertion of the cob in the dog's 
mouth, the trainer Avaits a few moments, soothing the 4og 
kindly, to restore his confidence. When he holds it well, 
leave' in his mouth a few moments and praise him. If 
he ejects it, replace it instantly in his inouth, at the same ' 
time giving him a sharp admonitory jerk. 
His' little weaknesses should, be studied so that ad- 
vantage may be taken of them. Make the first lessons 
short. There is plenty of time to teach the dog the accom- 
plishment, and there are two things therewith to ever 
keep in mind — namely, to avoid hurry and to keep in good 
temper. The dog must have time to comprehend the 
purposes of the trainer; to associate the command and 
pain with the act which will awid the latter, and to' 
memorize all the particulars which make up the lesson. 
When hurried or distressed from the confusion, he be- 
comes overheated and holds his mouth open while pant- 
ing, at which juncture he cannot close it on the cob with- 
out great distress. 
Each lesson should end in a. romp after the collar is 
removed, thereby restoring the dog's confidence and 
making a pleasant ending to the lesson. ■ 7 ' 
The first simple lessons should be continued till the* ' 
dog will open his mouth promptly the moment that he 
hears the order "Fetch." The next stage is to teach 
him to step forward and grasp the cob when he hears 
the command. The dog is now brought into active instead ^ 
of passive obedience. He must act instead of being acted 
upon. The trainer holds the cob about a foot in front 
of the dog's nose, gives the command "Fetch," at the 
same time jerking him forward sharply to the cob.,, which ■ 
lie is induced to seize, and which he will seize' when within . 
reach of it if the preliminary lessons have been prop- 
erly inculcated. These lessons teach the dog to advance 
forward for the cob when he hears the command. When 
the dog has grasped the cob. or when he has in good ^ 
faith attempted to do so and failed, the punishment should 
instantly cease. 
When he quite realizes the virtue of the cob in his 
mouth in affording immunity from punishment, he ■will ■ 
object to release it even when the trainer so desires. Its' 
absence after a time signifies that punishment impends. 
When he releases it, caress and reassure him. M he 
closes tightly on it and refuses to deliver it,- no violence 
or impatience should be manifested. Gra.sp the cob in 
the left hand gently, utter the command "Give," stepping 
on the toes of one of his forefeet at the same time. It is 
not necessary to pinch them severely. A gentle pressure 
will be quite sufficient to accomplish the purpose. The 
order "Give" will be promptly obeyed after a-few lessons " 
given in this manner. i , • 1 
Up to this stage the dog as a general rule acts, -me- 
chanically. He steps forward and puts his mouth on the 
cob because the act saves him from pain. He has not 
perception sufficient to enable him to comprehend that it 
is necessary for him to lower his head if the trainer holds 
the cob near the floor in front of him. At this stage the 
dog's natural inclination to grasp a moving object may ' 
be aroused, and then, he may follow it up and grasp it on ' 
his own initiative. When this is evoked.- the rest of the ' 
training is easy. The trainer caters to the dog's inclimi- 
tion to make it an amusement. The command "Fetch" is 
given, tlie cob is wiggled teasingly close to bis nose, and' * 
when he follows after it it is moved two or three' 'feet 
further on, till he overtakes and closes his mouth :;0n it.' ' 
Some dogs soon develop an enthusiastic inclination to ■ 
enter into the matter as amusement at this stage, but no 
more playfulness should be permitted than is necessary to 
make the' lessons cheerful and successful. The grave and 
the gay should be properly blended. ■ 
If the dog. however, refuses to be amused, the traine'r 
lowers the cob an inch or two below the level of the dqg's 
mouth, and forces him to grasp it in the new position. 
Lesson after lesson the cob is lowered little by litt'e as 
the dog becomes proficient, till at length he will take it '. 
from the trainer's hand held at the level of the ffoor.. - 
At this stage the dog in most instances requires e.^tra 
patience in conducting his les.sons. He has been habitti- 
ated to associating the cob and hand together, and has 
looked to the moving hand as the thing to follow when : 
ordered to "Fetch." Hence, when the trainer places the 
cob on the floor, uttering the command and taking his 
hand away, the dog is likely to follow the moving hand 
instead of grasping the cob. To overcome' this, - the 
trainer places the cob on the floor in front of the dog.' ut-- ■ 
ters the command and then moves his hand to one side an 
inch or two only. If the dog goes to the hand, it is then 
an easy matter to direct his attention to the cob. 
As the lessons progress, the hand may be moved away 
to greater and greater distances, as the dog more and 
more learns that the cob is the matter under .consideration. 
He can grasp it with much greater ease a:nd quickness,- 
thereby advancing betiter in his training, if two sticks 
about three inches in length are placed at right angles in 
each end of it. 
After the dog will pick up -the cob when placed on the 
floor close in front of him. another stage may be at- ' 
tempted. The cob is tossed gently a foot or two in front 
of him, care being ^ken to have him see it w^hen tossed. 
He is induced to go for it by kind inducement if pos- 
sible; if he refuses, he is forced forward with the collar. 
A longer and lighter check cord m.ay be used at this 
stage, accordingly as the dog broaden-s in the scope of 
his twork. 
A great deal of difficulty will be encountered if the 
preceding lessons have been hurried or if they have been 
imperfectly taught, either or both of which are quite 
probable in the first attempts of the amateur. If progress 
is made in a proper manner, each stage is easy and cer- 
tain, with the infliction of little pain or none at all. If 
the trainer cannot conduct the spike-collar lessons in a 
proper manner, it is much better for himself and in- 
finitely better for the dog that the system be abandoned. 
If at any time the dog shows a disposition to bite the 
cob, some .slim . ten-penny nails should be tied half an 
inch apart, lengthwise to it, so that its surface is protected 
by the iron. This, against his teeth, is abhorrent to him. 
He will at first refuse to gra,sp it, but when forced to do 
so will carry it, and with exceeding tenderness. 
Next he is given lessons in retrieving a dead bird. It 
is better to protect it with nails at first, both to prevent 
him from pinching it with his teeth, to associate it with 
pain to the teeth if grasped too hard, and to insure a 
habit of tenderness from the first to the last attempts in 
retrieving birds. He will require a number of lessons to 
perfect him in it. 
Next he should be taught to refrain from going after 
the* object till he is ordered to do so. It is better to 
make him "Drop," and so remain till he hears the order 
to "Fetch." 
In the lessons teach one order at a time. ^Do not order 
the dog to "Fetch" and as he start? to obey do not com- 
mand him to "Drop," or "Toho," etc. Such training balks 
and confuses him. One order and oljedicnce to it are 
sufficient at one time. Good progress on the part of the 
dog is consequent to industry and good hcnse on the 
part of the trainer. If the good sense is absent, the dog 
shotdd be held blameless. 
'Each part in detail should be perfected. The dog 
should be required to remain passive till he is given the 
command "Fetch," then to go directly to the bird, pick 
it up gently and quickly, and return in a direct line to 
the trainer! No nosing of the bird, nor dawdling on 
the way either when going to or coming with it, should be 
tolerated. The bird should be delivered to hand, and 
released instantly to the order "Give." 
...The retriever should be thoroughly proficient In all 
the yard lessons before any attempts are made at actual 
field work, and then great care should be exercised to 
guard against two dogs attempting to retrieve the same 
bird, or against interference with a good retriever by a 
partly broken dog. A thoroughly trained dog may be 
demoralized in a few moments by such bad management. 
Some preliminary training may be given the dog which 
in a way will be of value in marking the flight of birds 
and in "seeking dead." The cob is shown to him, then 
thrown in the air far away, where he can see it and mark 
its flight. He is not permitted to go after it t-il he is 
ordered to "Fetch." He will then have some difficulty in 
finding it. and will rake the ground about with his nose 
in an effort to catch scent of it. The lessons may be 
varied by throwing the cob to the opposite side of walls, 
fences, bushes, etc.. thus enabling, the dog to see part of 
its flight, btit preventing him from seeing it land. When 
assisting the dog to search for it. the trainer utters the 
command "Seek" or "Find," or whatever other command 
he may fancy, at the same time affecting earnestnes.s in 
searching for it himself. In this manner, after a suffi- 
cient number of lessons, the dog will mark the cob's 
flight quite accurately, will find it with reasonable quick- 
ness and will learn the significance of the commands per- 
taining to searching for it. 
These lessons should be given in moderation, as they 
have a decided tendency to develop the carriage of a 
low nose, a style of work which should be discouraged as 
muih as possible in a dog used as a bird finder. 
In respect to actual field work, after the dog is per- 
fected in retrieving, the trainer should ever -bear in mind 
that all retrievers are not alike even when perfectly edu- 
cated, and that circumstances alter cases. Dogs vary 
greatly in strength. A dog, pliysically small and delicate, 
raighi: be ^n excellent retriever of quail and woodcock 
and yet be a poor retriever of prairie chickens, owing to 
their extra weight. 
The dog at best, owing to his construction, is not a good 
weight carrier. Moreover, when required to retrieve large 
birds on a hot day. he, if panting violently, may be 
forced to drop the bird so that he can breathe, etc. The 
shooter should have some consideration and charity for 
his dog under such circumstances. He has considera- 
tion for himself, as shown, by his volumnious excuses for 
missing a bird, or didn't know it was loaded, or resting 
in tlie shade when uncomfortably warm, etc. 
. However 'well a dog mav perform in his yard lessons, 
they canot be accepted as final data concerning his actual 
work afield. Carrying an object to hand i.s not ah of re- 
trieving. The dog must have a keen intelligence, so that 
he will understand how to work intelligently to the gun ; 
he. must have a keen nose so that he may be able to trail 
r'uniiing birds to their hiding place and locate the dead 
ones ;. lie should have a pleasant, tractable disposition 
\ahd take pleasure in his Avork; he should be able to 
mark and remember the flight of Avouiided birds, and also 
be able to distinguish between the flight of a wounded 
bird and one which is not. 
The finished retriever docs his work expeditiously and 
accurately, because he knows what to do and how to do 
it'. The poor retriever knows but little more than how 
to fetch a bird when he comes across it. All the in- 
telligent cognizance of details is lost to him. 
Retrieving ducks and geese is too laborious work for 
the average pointer and setter. Furthermore, their con- 
stitution is not sufficiently strong to withstand the shock 
and exposure incident to it, if they are used as retrievers 
of wildfowl for any important lengths of time. 
Snapping Turtles* 
Sherbrooke, p. Q., June 12.— How big do snapping 
turtles grow? One caught here was said to weigh 40 
pounds. The species is exceedingly rare in this locality, 
no one ever having seen one before, as far as we can learn. 
It was- caught a quarter of a mile from water in pasture 
land^ As he would not eat after being coaxed for two 
Aveeks. he Avas taken back and turned loose Avhere found 
with a dog tax cheek attached. 
Will be glad to report further regarding geese at Little 
Magog Lake as soon as. I can get good reliable infor- 
mation, Jos. 
tdchting* 
Notice. 
All communications intended for Forest and Stkeam sifottld 
always be addressed to the Forest and Stream ^Publishing Co., and 
not to any individual connected with the paper. 
Yachting Fixtwfes, 190J» 
Secretaries and members of race committees vvill confer a favor 
by sending notice of errors or omissions in the following list and 
also of changes which may be made in the future. 
19. 
20. 
20. 
22. 
22. 
22. 
22. 
22. 
22. 
''2 
22. 
22. 
22. 
22. 
25. 
25. 
26. 
27 
27- 
29. 
22. 
29. 
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29. 
JUNE. 
East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mai 
New York, annual, New York Bay. 
Duxbury, ladies' day, Duxbury, Mass. 
Beverly, Corinthian, Monument Beach. 
Marine and Field, open, Gravesend Bay. 
ilo fleet, club, City Point, Boston Har: 
lior. 
Mosquil 
Hull-Massachusetts, club, Hull, Mass. 
Manhasset Bay, third series race for Jacob cup. Port Washing- 
ington. Long Island Sound. ' . 
New Rochelle, annual. New Rochelle, Long Island Sound. 
Columbia, club, City Point, Boston Harbor. 
Atlantic, special. Sea Gate, New York Bay. 
Winthrop, special handicap, Winthrop, Mass. 
Seawanhaka Corinthian, second race for Center Island cup. 
Oyster Bay, Long Island Sound, ■ . : ■ 
Savin Hill, Y. R. A., open," Dorche.ster, Boston iHarbor. 
American, Newburyport, Massachusetts Bay. 
New York, Glen Cove cups. Long Island Sound. 
East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mass. 
, Indian Harbor, special, Greenwich, Conn. 
28. Seawanhaka Corinthian, special. Oyster Bay, L. I. Sound. 
Boston, City Point Boston Harbor. 
Savin Hill, open, Boston Harb.or. 
Hull-Massachusetts, club, Hull, Mass. 
Atlantic, annual. Sea Gate, New York Bay. 
Burgess, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
Winthrop, class handicap, Winthrop, Mass. 
New York, cup defender class, NeVvport. 
Seawanhaka Corinthian, annual race for Leland challenge cup., 
for raceabouts. Oyster Bay, Long Island Sound. 
1. New York, cup defender class, Nevvpoit. 
2, 4, 6. Newport, Y. R. A., cup defender class, Newport, • ' 
2. Indian Harbor, Greenwich, Long Island Sound. 
3. Columbia, City Point, Boston Harbor. 
3. East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mass. 
3- 8. Brooklyn C. C, cruise, Gravesend Bay, 
4. Beverly, open sweepstake. Monument Beach. 
4. Shelter I.sland, club regatta. 
4. Duxbury, club race, Duxbury. Mass. 
4. Boston City, City Pomt, Boston Harbor. 
4. Corinthian, second club championship, Marblehead, Mass. Bay. 
4. East Gloucester, open, Gloucester, Mass. 
4. Gravesend Bay Y. R. A., first open regatta. Gravesend Bay. 
4 Annisquam, open, Ipswich Bay, Mass. 
4. Larchmont, annual regatta and schooner races for Colt cup, 
Larchmont, Long Island Sound. 
4. Hartford, annual. Saybrook, Long Island Sound. 
4. Seawanhaka Corinthian, club. Oyster Bay, Long Island Sound. 
4. Pavonia, Mclnnis cup, Bayonne, New York Bay. 
4. Canarsie, parade, Canarsie, Jamaica Bay. 
4. Penataquit Corinthian, annual. Bay Shore, L. I. 
4. Columbia, Chicago, Lake Michigan. ^ 
4. Burgess, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
4- 5. Lake Michigan, Y. R. A., Lake Michigan. 
4- 7. Biloxi, club, Biloxi, Miss. 
5- 11. Atlantic, cruise. Sea Gate, New York Bay. 
6. Shinnecock Bay, club. Shinnecock Bay. 
6. Hull-Massachusetts, club, Hull, Mass. 
6. Winthrop, special handicap, Winthrop, Mass. . 
6. Mosquito Fleet, City Point, Boston Harbor. 
6. Riverside, annual. Riverside, Long Island Sound.' 
6. Beverly, convention, Monument Beach. 
6. Savin Hill, club, Boston Harbor. 
G. Columbia, club, Citv Point, Boston Harbor. 
6. Seawanhaka Corinthian, third race for Center Island cup, 
Oyster Bay, Long Island Sound. 
6. Burgess, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
6. South Boston, ladies' day. City Point, Boston Harbor. 
8. Norwalk, annual. South Norwalk, Long Island Sound. 
8-9-10. New York, Newport series, Newport. 
10. East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mass. 
13. Moriches, club. 
13. Mobile, club. Point Clear, Alabama. , , 
13. Corinthian third club championship, Marblehead, Mass, Bay. 
13. Beverly, club, Monument Beach. 
13. Winthrop, class handicap, Winthrop, Mass. 
13. Hull-Massachusetts, club, Hull, Mass. , . , , 
13. Larchmont, open, first day of race week, Larchmont, Long 
Island Sound. 
13. Seawanhaka Corinthian, race for Roosevelt memorial cup. 
Oyster Bay. Long Island Sound. t ■ j c- j 
13. Manhasset, special. Port Washington, Long Island bound. 
13-20. Larchmont. race week, Larchmont, Long Island Sound. 
15-19.— Interlake meet, Put-in-Bay, O. 
17. Beverly, Buzzards Bay. 
17. East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mass. 
18, 20, 23. Newport Y. R. A., special races, Newport. 
311. Columbia. cUib. Cily Point, Boston Harbor. 
20. Westhampton C. C, club. 
20. HuU-Ma-ssachusetts, club, PIull, Mass. 
20. Savin Hill, club, Boston Harbor. 
20. Winthrop, Winthrop, Mass. 
20. Duxbury, ladies' day, Duxbury, Mass. 
20. Beverly, Corinthian, Monument Beach. 
•JO. Winthrop, open. Winthrop, Mass. . „ , 
•20 South Boston, club handicap. City Pomt, Boston Harbor. 
j;0. Norwalk, club racf. .South Norwalk, Long Island Soinul. 
20. Stamford, annual, Stamford, Long Island Sound. 
20, Seawanhaka Corinthian, fourth race for Center Island cup, 
Oyster Bay, Long Island Sound. , ' , „, . , , 
20. Trial " race to select Canada cup defender, Chicago, Lake 
Michigan. 
20. Burgess, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
20. Pass Christian, club. Pass Christian, Miss. 
22. New York, cruise, rendezvous. Glen Cove. 
22. Harvard, cruise, rendezvous, Morris Cove, L. .1. bound. 
22. Canarsie, open, Canarsie, Jamaica Bay, 
23. New York, cruise to the eastward. ■ . 
24. Seawanhaka, cup race, Lake St. Louis. 
24. East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester. Mass. 
25, 26, 27. Hull-Massachusetts, invitation races, Hull, Mass. 
25-26. 'Erie, regatta. Erie, Pa. 
27. Beverly open sweepstake. Monument Beach. 
27. Bay Waveland, club, Bay St. Louis, Miss. 
27. Shelter Island, ladies' regatta._ , , , . „ 
217. Corinthian, fourth club championship, Marblehead, Mass, Bay. 
27. Shinnecock Bay, special, Shinnecock Bay. 
27. Sea Cliff, annual, Sea Cliff, Long Island Sound. 
27. Northport, annual, Northport, Long Island Sound. 
•27. Winthrop. special handicap. Winthrop, Mass. 
27. Seawanhaka Corinthian, fifth race for Center Island cup. Oyster 
Bay, Long Island Sound. , _ , t> . «r u- 
27. Manhasset, fourth series race for Jacob cup, Port Washing- 
ington, Long Island Sound. 
29. New York, Astor cup races, Newport. 
29- 30 Burgess, open, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
30- Aug. 3. Pan-American regatta, Buffalo, N. Y. , , ^ 
30-31. New York, trial races to select America Cup defender, 
Newport. _ 
31. Corinthian, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
31. East Gloucester, evening race, Gloucester, Mass. _ 
AUGUST. 
1-3. Corinthian, Marblehead, Massachusetts Bay. 
1. New York, trial race to select cup defender, Newport. 
3. Duxbury. club. Duxburv, Mass. 
'i. Southern Gulf Coast, Y. -R. A. 
3. Beverly. Corinthian, Monument Beach. 
3. Winthrop, special handicap, Winthrop, Mass, 
3. Indian Harbor, club, Greenwich, Conn. 
3. Moriches, association regatta. 
3. Atl-antic, Sea Gate. New York Bay. . „ , , , _ 
3 Jlemptead Harbor, annual, Hempstead Harbor, L. I. Sound. 
