jxn.Y 6, 1901.) 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
If 
Small Yacht Construction and 
Rigging* 
* BY UNTON HOPE. 
Aoswers to Correspondents on Small Yacht Construction 
and Rigging. 
I HAVE been asked by the editor to reply to the numerous letters 
on these articles which have been received from readers in various 
parts of the country, and as there are too many of them tor a 
separate reply to each, I will try and answer the main points only. 
Two correspondents point out omissions in the designs, one ot 
which is owing t" a Cf tail being left out in tracing from the original 
design, while the other is a clerical error of my own. The first, 
and most important, is the absence of any pin or bolt for the plate 
to turn on the cenlerb'jard. and to make matters worse, there 
is a mark, somewhat like a bolt hole, in the construction plan which 
has nothing to do with the drawing at all. The position of the bolt 
may be found by taking half the distance from the underside of the 
keel to the top edge of the plate when it is lowered, and it will be 
a similar distance in from the fore edge, the corner of the plate 
being cut to a quarter circle, struck from the center of the bolt 
hole, the exact distance in from the edges of the plate to the cen- 
ter of the hole in this case being 6%in., while the distance from the 
center of the hole in the case to the fore end of the case, inside, is 
Tin., allowing ^in. clearance. 
The second error is in the sum of the rating of the 24 1. r. cruiser, 
and this is owing to the figure .1 being left out of the divisor, 
which should be 2.1 instead of 2. This would' of course explain 
itself to any one acquainted with the Y. R. A. rule, as the figures 
2.1 are the "constant" for all ratings. It will be found that all 
the dimensions for rating are correct, and that the sum of 
50.40 
2.1 
gives a rating of exactly 24 1. r. 
'Other writers complain of the cockpit arrangements of the center- 
board boat, and the internal fittings of the keel boat. My _ only 
excuse for these faults is that I designed the two boats to suit the 
requirements of their owners; and merely chose them from a 
number of other designs as being fairly typical boats of their kind 
which any one could a'ter to suit himself. As one of these 
gentlemen says, it is easy enough to show a larger cockpit if 
required, but when he goes on to suggest that the builder would 
perhaps forget to make the alteration in building the boat, he 
evidently fails to see why the articles were written. My object 
in writing them is to try and explain some of the methods of boat 
building now in use in such a way as to help any one to build 
a boat who has not been brought up to the trade, and not to pro- 
vide a design of that much-sought-after boat which shall satisfy 
everybodv. 
Those who have written to know what the cost of the materials 
for one of these boats would be, I can only refer to their local 
timber merchant and yacht chandler, as prices vary considerably 
in different places. I shall be very pleased to give the names of 
the best firms in London who supply timber and other materials, 
And quotations could be obtained from them. 
One correspondent wishes to know if there will be any steam 
launch designs, but I regret to say I do not see my way to this. I 
will, however, answer any questions on the subject, provided they 
are of general interest. 
Chapter Vil — Center Case and Rodder Trunk. 
The method of fitting the rudder trunk of the 24 1. r. cruiser has 
already been described, and it .should be done before the frame 
is set up. 
The center case of No. 1 design may also be partly fitted at the 
same stage — that is to say, the keel can be rabbetted and the slot 
cut. Both case and trunk, however, must be finished aird fixed 
after the boat is planked, or else the joint between their lower edges 
and the keel may go out of shape and leak afterward. 
Taking the center case first, we will go through the whole proc- 
ess from the commencement, and start by cutting the rabbet on 
.each side of the slot in the keel, as descriped in Chapter III. 
The width of this rabbet should be one-third of the thickness 
of the sides of the center case or rudder case, and should be on 
the outer edge. Its depth should be about half its width, and n 
must be exactly parallel with the slot in the keel and of a uniform 
width and depth throughout. It must be carefully set out in 
pencil on the keel before starting to cut it out, and it should be 
roughed out with a narrow chisel to nearly its full depth, and 
finished with the lower edge of the case, chalking and fitting them 
to each other till a good j'oint is obtained. Then the insides of the 
two side pieces should be painted with two coats of good red and 
white lead paint, with plenty of oil in it. 
While they are drying, the end stanchions cau be cut. These 
should be ^in. thicker than the width of the slot; having a 
shoulder %in. on each side, to prevent them going too far through 
the slot when driven in their p aces. The sides of case are rab- 
betted %in. at each end, to take the extra thickness of the 
stanchions, so that all joints are rabbetted, and bedded in white 
lead and varnish. When the sides of the case are ready the rabbet 
in the keel must be filled with white lead and varnish" as thick as. 
cream, and the stanchions being covered with the same mixture; 
the sides can be driven home into the keel and held in place by 
clamps on the ends, holding them to the stanchions. ^ 
Then screw up through the keel into the sides with long brass 
screws, as shown in the sketch, and screw the sides into the 
stanchions. Now fit the sills over the ends of the oak floors, which 
have previously been ctit of! to the side of the case. They should 
be dovetailed into the sills. 
The sills must be bedded in white lead and varnish, and clqseh' 
screwed to the case and fastened through the keel with stout 
copper nails. A pair of knees should be fitted over the sills on 
the sides of the case at the plate bolt, and another pair at each 
end of the case. The rudder case is fitted in the same manner, but 
the slot is wider at the fore end to take the stem of the rudder. No 
knees are required on the rudder case. 
The knees at the sides of the center case, mentioned in the last 
paragraph, should be made of wrought iron, galvanized, and they 
should either be fitted on one of the regular floor timbers or else 
a short extra timber must be put in for them to rest on, as they 
should never be placed directly on the inside of the planking. 
They should be lin. wide and %in. thick at the angle of the case 
and keel, the arms being at least a foot long and tapered to %in. 
by 3-16in. at each end. The upper arm, against the case and 
sill, must be screwed to them with stout brass screws as long as 
•possible; but of course they must not go quite through the case. 
The lower arm must be through fastened with stout copper nails, 
through planking, and floor timbers. Extra knees may be used at 
«ach floor timber all along the case if the boat has to knock about 
on the ground much, but they covild be a bit lighter than the 
■above. The knee which is fitted at the center plate bolt should 
be swelled out sufficiently to let the bolt go through it, and be- 
fore it is fastened, a piece of leather should be placed between it 
and the case to make the bolt hole w-ater tight. 
The rudder trunk, or rather case, of the centerboard boat must 
be fitted water tight to the deck, and to insure this it should be 
left about an inch above the level of the deck till after the beams 
are in place, when it can be faired up with them. It must have a 
fillet or ledge along the top on each side to screw" the deck into. 
When the rudder is in place in the case, the head rests on a 
circular gun metal plate, which is fixed on the deck at the fore end 
wf the case, being raised about an inch above the level of the deck 
on a small block of mahogany or teak, turned to fit the plate, the 
after part of both plate and wood being cut -away to allow the 
blade of the rudder to pass if it is desired to remove the rudder 
entirely, but it is both stronger and simpler if the rudder only 
pulls up into the case and is held up by a pin through the rudder 
stem, as in this case, the top of the case is closed, and does not 
show on the deck. A stout metal washer should be placed be- 
tween the under side of the tiller and the deck plate to reduce the 
friction, and a metal iilate should be let into the keel at the bot- 
tom of the fore end of the case, to form a lower bearing for the 
rudder. 
If it is not-necessary to lift the rudder at all, owing to the boat 
being kept afloat, it will save a lot of work to use a piece of 
soft solid drawn brass tube for the rudder trunk. This tube must 
be %in- larger inside than the stem of the rudder, and should have 
a gas thread on each end, the lower end being screwed tightly 
into the keel and filed off flush outside, while the upper end 
projects lin. above the deck with hardwood block and gun metal 
plate referred to above, screwed tightly on to the top of the tube, 
and then to the deck. This is the simplest and best form of trunk, 
and never leaks, but of course the rudder can only be removed 
from below. 
All communications intended for Forest and Stream should 
always be addressed to the Forest and Stream Publishing Co., and 
aot to aay individual coanected with tb« paper. 
YACHTING NEWS NOTES. 
The English cutte^- Zin'ta. which wa.s purchased last 
winter by Mr. Edward M. Pedelford. N. Y. Y. C. ar- 
rived at Greenport, L. I., on Sunday. June 23. at noon. 
Zinita left Gourock, Scotland, on May 16. and was thirty- 
seven days out. Pleasant weather was experienced 
throughout the passage. Zinita is a composite cutter 
designed and built by Wm. Fife & Son at Farlie in 1893. 
She is 68ft. over all, 46.4ft. on the waterl'ne, 12ft. 6in. 
beam and draws 6.4ft. The boat was in command of Capt. 
George Litton, who had a drew of four men. 
8^ 
The English-built steam yacht Tuscarona arrived at 
New York on June 23 from Greenock, Scotland. The ves- 
sel is tinder charter to Mr. H. Ballantine, of Newark. She 
had a smooth passage. She was built by Scott & Son at 
Greenock in 1897, from designs made by Mr. G. L. Wat- 
son. She is 181.4ft. long, 26.8ft. beam and 14.55^. depth. 
Her crew consists of thirty-one men. 
The following sales have been made through the agency 
of Messrs. Huntington & Seaman : 
Schooner vacht Monhegan. Clark A. Miller, New York, 
to J. P. Story, Jr., Washington, D. C. 
Cruis'ng launch Curlew, J. K. Tod, New York, to 
Samuel A. Beardsley.'New York. 
Yawls, Bohemian Leonard Ames, New York, to Samuel 
H. Groser, White Plains, N. Y., and Hermes. Haviland 
Brothers, Brooklyn, to W. A. Ruddick, Boston, Mass. 
Knockabout Sequel, Garrie G. Smith, Port Jeiferson, 
L. I., to Charles H. Lee, New York. 
Schooner yacht Fearless, F. M. Welles. New York, to 
Charles S. Hamilton, New Haven, Conn. ^ 
8^ 
Mr. James S. Watson's auxiliary schooner yacht 
Genesee dropped her anchor in Quarantine on Thursday 
night. June 27. after a passage of twenty-seven days from 
Gibraltar. 
H l( K 
Mr. Frank A. Wilmot, of Bridgeport, Conn., has sold 
the auxil-ary yawl Hadassah to Mr. D. B. Ogden, who will 
use tlie yacht at Bar Harbor. Mr. Wilmot is the owner 
of Hussar 11., which he has changed to yawl rig and added 
a gasoline engine. 
•? *l «t 
The following sales have been made through the agency 
of Mr. A. J. Mcintosh : Sloop yacht Ilderim. from James 
Gallatin to Edwin M. Post ; schooner yacht Orithyia, from 
Frederick H. Lee to F. A. Root, and the knockabout A^ta, 
from H. Anderson to G. Searing Wilson, Manhasset Bay 
Y. C. 
— »— 
Fixtttfes. 
July 14-23.— San Francisco, Cal.— National Schuetzenbund of 
North America's annual tournament in Shell Mound Park. Off- 
hand, 200yds. 
Aug. 6-7.— Taftsville, Conn.— South New England Schuetzen- 
bund's annual festival and prize shoot. 
The JOO-Shot Revolver Record. 
The accompanying target represents the new 100-shot revolver 
record at .50yds. on the standard American target, which was made 
at.Avondale range, Savannah, Ga., June 1, by Capt. C. S. Rich- 
mond, the well-known expert revolver marksman. 
This score of 918 points beats the previous record by 3 points. 
Capt. Richmond used a .44cal. revolver and Peters factory mid- 
range loaded cartridges. The shooting was witnessed by trust- 
worthy persons, and the correctness of the shooting sworn to be- 
lore a notary public. 
The Independent New York Schuetzen will be strongly repre- 
sented at the National Schuetzen Bund of North America at San 
Francisco, July 14 to 23. 
Fixtures. 
July 3-4 — Flint, Mich. — Second shoot of the Michigan Trapshoot- 
ers' League. John Parker, manager; Chas. Caleb, Sec'y. 
July 4.— Schenectady, N. Y.— All-day amateur target tournament 
of the Schenectady Gun Club. Harry Strong, Sec'y, 
July 4. — Towanda, I'a. — Annual tournament of the Towanda Gun 
Club. Mr.rrautran. M F. Dietrich. Sec'y- 
July 4.— Frankfort, N. Y.— Third annual target tournament of 
the Frankfort Fish and Game Protective Association. W. J. 
Weller, Sec'y. 
July 4.— Haverhill, Mass.— Open handicap shoot of the Haver- 
hill Gun Club. S. G. Miller, Sec'y. 
Wm. Fraser. Pres. 
July 6-6.— Duluth, Minn.— Central Gun Club's tournament. J. 
W. Nelson-, Sec'y. 
July 9-11.— Pine Bluff, Ark.— Eleventh annual tournament of the 
Arkansas State Sportsmen's Association, under the auspices of the 
Pine Bluff Gun Club. E. A. Howell. Sec'y. 
July 10.— Leominster, Mass.— Contest between teams of the Leo- 
minster, Fitchburg and Gainer gun clubs. 
July 10-11.— St. Paul, Minn. — Sixth annual tournament of the St. 
Paul Rod and Gun Club, at Inter-city Shooting park; $340 added 
money. J. L. D. Morrison, 604 N. Y. Life Building, St. Paul. 
July 15-17.— Col umbia. Mo. — State Amateur shoot, under the 
auspices of the Columbia Gun Club. \V. A. Vivion, Sec'y. 
July 18. — Williamsport, Pa. — All-day tournament of the West 
Branch Roji and Gun Club. H. A. Dimick. Sec'v. 
July 24-25.— Detroit, Mich.— Third shoot of the Michigan Trap- 
shooters' League, under auspices of the Pastime Gun Club. John 
Parker, manager. 
July 30. — Dexter Park, Brooklyn, L. I. — Annual clambake and 
handicap merchandise shoot at targets. Eugene Doenick, Sec'y. 
DRIVERS AND TWISTERS. 
The Cotmty Gentleman, England, in explaining the admirably 
accomplished manner in which the English team lost, by shooting 
with gun below the elbow and two barrels to the Americans' one, 
says: "They buy guns speciallj' made for clay bird shooting, which 
they one and all use in manner most productive for producing 
results, however ugly and unlike game shooting their style, while 
their cartridges arc specially manufactured in every detail. They 
believe in heavy guns, over "Slbs. in weight, able to stand the heavy 
charges of both powder and shot, which their cartridges contaih. 
,\fter stating that the Amcricatis "believe" in heav)'- guns, the 
aforementioned journal gives a list of the Americans' guns, all 
Slbs., or under. There is an tinconscious respectful tribute to 
American ammtmition, machine loaded mostly, all alike loaded with 
precision, whether for targets, pigeons or game. However, it is 
just possible that the American team would consent to shoot a 
match, one barrel only, for all contestants, or it, the use of both 
barrels is of no advantage, let the Americans shoot both barrels.' 
while the English shoot but one. On this side of the water, we 
have a belief that there is something in pointing the gun aright 
and shooting at the right time. But there is much conceded- as to 
the effectiveness of American guns and loads, which should be 
gratifying to American skill and pride. And j'et, while seeking to 
soften the defeat of the home team, the Countv Gentleman bestows 
uristinteti praise on the skill of the American team, and there is a 
fair sentiment pervading its columns which denotes tliat they are 
all sportsmen. 
•e 
The following is a complete list of the members of the St. Paul, 
Minn., Rod and Gun Club. They extend to vou a most cordial 
invitation to be present on July 10 and 11, promising you not 
only a well attended tournament but a p easant and enjovable time 
as well: J. L. D. Morrison, G. F. Thomas. H. C. Ilirschy, T. A. 
pumn. J. C. Highhouse, C. A. Wheaton, Chas. Thompson, J. A. 
Helienstein, C. R. Wilkinson, M. N. Goss, S. M. Ivirkwood, T. C. 
Canfield, Paul, Hauser. Jr., Geo, Somers, Jr., Chas. Hauser, A. E. 
Boyesen, Frank Novotny, R. Schittmann, M. Detiel E. M .\llen 
P. H. Gotziau. Elijah Baker, Hart N. Cook, C. B. Bowlby, Jacob 
Danz, 2d, I. .Sheddon, A. E. I'errv, Wm. Carling. J. C' Henry. 
Geo. G. Benz, W. A. Fonda, M Fisher, E. B. Swygart C. E. 
Robertson, J. C. Kennedv. .A.. E. Krebs. T. T. Rogers, feeo R 
Slocum, Lee Hall, W. B. Thorp, Otto Mueller, T. C. Pamechon. 
Edwin Irle. \\ . P. Brown. W. C. Walther, L. C. Emerson, W 
S. Flynt. H. W. Dezotell, lohn L. Townley, F. E. McKav. C. M. 
Leibrock. Geo. S. Burch, H. D. Defiel. Geo. McRae, 'Geo E 
Doll, M. F. Kennedy, A. R. Spear, G. C. Knox, J. J, Dwyer H 
E. Hunt, H. E. White, H. C. Lawrence, E. P. Roberts j' H ^ 
Block, S. B. Shotwell, Tr., S. T. Gottschammer, T. B. Emerson' 
A. J. Schmitz. 
•t » 
The Shooting Times says, concerning the recent international 
match, and the guns used by the Americans: "Their guns, al- 
though not bearing comparison in style and finish with the best 
English made guns, yet gave extraordinary close patterns, and 
are extremely heavy from our point of view. .Some of the cases 
[shells] used were Si^in. and contained 3V4 to 4drs. of powder, 
with about lin. of wads." If our English "confreres continue to 
lengthen the shells with each successive mention, there will be 
but little of the bore which is not chamber. However the same 
journal very fairly states: "It has been recorded that the extra 
Vgoz. of shot is equivalent to 3.3 pellets, and the heavy charge 
of powder there is no doubt gives tremendous smashing power. 
Notwithstanding these advantages, we cwnot but think that had 
the teams been equal in skill the second barrel would have given 
victory to the British. This was proved over and over again by 
the .successful use of the second barrel, and a comparison of the 
individual scores shows that the majority 01 the American shooters 
were unquestionably far superior in "the skillful use of their 
weapons,' 
•e _ 
Mr. Paul Parker won the second quarterly shoot of the Kansas 
City handicap championship trophy for ISOl, at Blue River Park, 
Kansas City, by defeating eighteen contestants by killing 25 birds 
.straight, June 29. Also a match at 25 live birds per man for 150 
a side, and the price of the birds, w-as shot between Messrs. Guy 
Little and F. M. Berkley, both of the Washington Park Gun 
Club, riie latter won by a score of 22 to 21. 
m 
The Daily True American, of Trenton, N. J., in its issue of the 
29th ult., presents a portrait of Dr. George M. Thomas, the 
energetic and popular president of the New Tersev State Sports- 
men's Association, and secretary of the Trenton Shooting Associa- 
tion. The text which accompanies the portrait expre~sses high 
esteem for the Doctor's worth, and proves that a man may be a 
profit even in his own countrv. 
■« 
Through the medium of a catalogue, elaboratelv complete in 
every detail, the Bridgeport Gun Implement Coinpanv, 313-315 
• Broadway, New York, presents valuable information in respect to 
the kinds and qualities of its golf goods for the season of 1901-02. 
Of the 94 pages, 39 are devoted to illu.strations of play and 
"Practical Hints on Golf." 
•t 
The press dispatches have stated tha't the .American team were 
booked to leave England for home on June 30, but Mr. Banks' 
letter, published elsewhere in our columns, reports that they will' 
start on schedule time, on June 29. With the thermometer bobbing 
in the 90s, if it so continues they will find a hot time in the old 
town on their return. 
•I 
In the third match between Me.ssrs. 1. E. Applegate of 
Freneau, N. J., and S. M. "Van Allen, on the grounds of' the 
Middlesex Club, at South River. Mr. Applegate proved victoriou.s 
by a score of 17 to 4.5. The conditions were 30 birds each, $50 a 
side. 
, , _ it 
A cablegram received by Capt. J. A. H. Dressel, of the U. M. C. 
Co., conveyed information as follows: "Liverpool, Tuly 1. ^Team 
except Et'iott. ^'errill and Powers sailed .Snnriav. The team won 
everything in sight." 
Mr. A. B. Cutcliffe, secretarj-. of Brantford, Canada, writes 
us as follows: "The Brantford Gun Club are arranging a target 
tournament for Aug. b and 7. \^'ill send i^rogrammes \A'hen 
printed." 
•I 
Messrs. Guy Little and J. W. Branihall. of Kansas City, Mo., 
have been matched to shoot at 50 live birds each at Blue 'River 
Park, for $50 a side and price of birds. 
K 
Messrs. Fisher and Perment have arranged to shoot a match at 
35 live birds each for $25 a side, Julv 11, on the grounds of Smith 
Brothers, Newark, N. J. 
ai 
Mr. Paul North is deserving of much praise for originating and 
conducting to a successful issue the recent great international trap- 
Shooting match. 
•I 
Mr. J. F. Welch, of Robeline, La., informs us that the local 
club will give a two-day shoot in the near future. 
Beenard Waters. 
Richmond Gun Club. 
Silver Lake, Staten Island, June 29. — The following scores were 
made at a meeting of the Richmond Gun Club: 
Events: 12345678 
Targets: 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 
Lewis 86758396 
Albrecht 5 4 6 5 5 6 .. 
F. Schoverling 6 7 9 7 7 9 10 's 
Bechtel 6 9 3 5 5 6 5 .. 
Duke 9 9 10 .. .. 
Hadkins 4 4 4 4 
Joline 6 6 5 5 ] 
Murray ..i., 5 6 6 
Duke, 
