Forest and Stream. 
A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 
Copyright, 1901, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 
NEW YORK, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1901. 
Terms, $i a Year. 10 Cts. a Copy. | 
Six Months, $2. f 
j VOL. LVIl.— No. 10. 
I No. 346 Broadway, New York, 
GENERAL WILLIAM LUDLOW.. 
By the death of General William Ludlow on Friday 
Ia.st. the United States army has lost one of its ablest and 
most brilliant soldiers, and the country one of its best 
citizens. 
General Ludlow was born at IsHp, L. I.. Nov. 27, 1843, 
and graduated from West Point in June, 1864. He was 
immediately commissioned First Lieutenant of Engineers 
and at once saw service in the Civil War, being appointed 
Chief Engineer of the Twentieth Army Corps during the 
Georgia campaign. He had held this po.sition only one 
da}' when the battle of Peach Tree Creek took place, and 
for gallantry in this engagement and at the defense of 
Allatoona Pass, Ga., he was brevetted Captain. He took 
part in Sherman's march to the sea and in the invasion of 
the Carolinas. and was brevetted Major and Lieutenant- 
Colonel for his services. 
In 1867 he was made Captain in the Corps of Engineers, 
and from 1872 to 1876 served as Chief Engineer of the 
Department of Dakota. From 1876 to 1882 he was en- 
gaged in supervising river and harbor defenses in Penn- 
sylvania, New Jersey and Delaware. In June. 1882, he 
received his majority, and became Engineer Secretai'y to 
the Lighthouse Board. In the spring of 1883 he took 
charge of the water department of the city of Philadelphia 
for three years, during which time he entirely made over 
the water system of that city, and put it in splendid shape. 
For two years he was commissioner and engineer for the 
District of Columbia. Subsequently he served as engi- 
neer of certain Lighthouse Districts, and shortly before 
the breaking out of the Spanish war was stationed in New 
York, where he looked after certain harbor improvements. 
At the breaking out of the war with Spain he was pro- 
moted to the rank of Brigadier-General of Volunteers 
and commanded a brigade under General Lawton at the 
battle of Santiago. Here he displayed great bravery and 
marked ability in handling troops in a difficult situation. 
Shortly afterward he was promoted to be Major-General 
of V olunteers. 
At the close of the war with Spain, General Ludlow was 
appointed Military Governor of Havana, and held this 
position for a year, during which time he absolutely rev- 
olutionized the city and its govei-nment, and inaugurated 
changes in sanitary conditions and in the details of the 
execution of the laws which changed Havana from one 
of the most unhealthy and badly governed cities in the 
world to one of the healthiest and safest. Not only did 
he do this, but as a private individual he set on foot meas- 
ures to relieve the miseries and the necessities of those 
non-combatants in Havana who. through the war with 
Spain, had been deprived of homes, relatives and support. 
General and Mrs. Ludlow actively took steps to help the 
orphan children of Havana and interested their many 
friends in this country, with the result that thousands of 
little children were helped and saved. 
General Ludlow was relieved from servic;e in Cuba early 
in the year 1900. Previous to this he had been promoted 
to be Brigadier-General in the regular army. He was now 
ordered to Europe to study and report on the military sys- 
tems there, and his report is on file in the War Depart- 
ment. On his return from Europe he was ordered to the 
Philippines, but on reaching there, was discovered to be 
suffering from tuberculosis, the result of his long, hard 
work in Cuba, and was ordered back to the United States 
*by the next transport. 
Throughout the army General Ludlow was recognized 
as one of the best soldiers, most able engineers, most 
courageous and handsomest men in service. He possessed 
a superb physique, was over six feet tall, of charming 
manners and agreeable personality. Unlike many army 
officers, he feared public criticism as little as he did the 
enemy in battle. When he believed that his course was 
right, that he was doing what was for the public good, no 
amount of newspaper criticism or fault finding by in- 
dividuals could stir him from his position. He was as 
good a fighter with the pen as with the sword, and well 
able to defend himself 'when circumstances required it. 
General Ludlow was a keen sportsman, and during his 
service in the West in the old days had many opportunities 
to gratify his love for hunting and fishing. In those days 
he was a good shot and a skilled hunter. 
Such is a very brief account of General Ludlow's official 
life and some of his characteristics, but it conveys no idea 
of the man nor of the work he did, nor can it suggest the 
feeling had for him by those with whom he was brought 
in close contact. To each such man in some way he ex- 
tended the gift of his rare sympathy with a power of 
helpfulness that the associate never forgot. 
To all outward seeming, General Ludlow was as nearly 
as conceivable an ideal man. A master of his profession, 
perfect physically, with a mind able and well equipped, im- 
flinchingly devoted to the right, the services that he has 
performed for his country and his people are great, and 
would unquestionably have been far greater had his life 
been spared to full age. Yet it is much that such a man 
should have lived. It is much more to have known well 
such a man. The force of his influence and his example 
cannot be lost; nor will the services that he has rendered 
be soon forgotten. 
A STORY BY ROWLAND E. ROBINSON. 
It is a great pleasure to be able to print such a good 
story as that of Danvis life by Rowland E. Robinson. 
This was one of the manuscripts left by Mr. Robinson, and 
it belongs with the best things he ever wrote. 
GOVERNMENT FORESTRY. 
We have made frequent reference to the extraordinary 
growth within the past two years of an interest in forestry 
in this country. This is in no way better shown than by 
the increase in the appropriations by Congress for the 
Division of Forestry, which have grown from $28,520 in 
the year 1898-99 to $185,440 for the current year. This 
increase shows very clearly how the work of the Division 
of Forestry has impressed itself on the country, and also 
how rapidly that work has expanded. Congress does not 
make appropriations unless called on to do so. by public 
opinion, and that it has .so largely increased the allow- 
ance for forestry work is sufficient evidence of the state 
of the public mind on the subject. 
On the 1st of July the Division of Forestry was made 
a Bureau of the Department of Agriculture, and this 
Bureau has been divided into three Divisions, which will 
represent a vast increase of work in forestry for the cur- 
rent year. These Divisions are those of Forest Manage- 
ment, Forest Investigation and of Records. 
The first is in charge of Mr. Overton W. Price, who 
was superintendent of working plans of the old Division 
of Forestry. Mr. Price and the force under him will 
have charge of the examination of tracts of woodland, will 
ascertain the condition of the timber, the prospects of 
reproduction, the opportunities for marketing, the best 
means of lumbering with regard to both the present and 
the future, and the probabilities of success in working the 
tract. If, when a report is made to him, the owner should 
decide that the tract is to be worked, a working plan will 
be furnished him. This is a continuation of the methods 
established by the Division of Forestry two or three years 
ago, and under this plan owners of some 3,000,000 acres 
of woodland have applied for advice, and about 177,000 
acres have been put under management. This land is 
scattered in large and small tracts all over the country, and 
is owned by farmers, city tfien, clubs and corporations. 
Moreover, several State governments have asked the as- 
sistance of the Division with regard to State lands, and 
the Department of the Interior has requested working 
plans for all the forest reserve, covering more than 46,000,- 
000 acres. 
The Division of Forestry Investigation is under the 
charge of Mr. George B. Sudworth. This Division, as its 
name implies, is one of investigation and inquiry. It 
studies the trees, from the scientific point of view, and 
also investigates problems connected with tree planting, 
lumbering, water supply, grazing and fires. 
The Division of Records is in charge of Mr. Otto J. J. 
Luebkert. It has charge of office matters, as well as of 
the library, and of the Bureau's great collection of photo- 
graphs, which illustrates forest conditions all over the 
United States. 
The work of the Forest Bureau is now being carried on 
in seventeen States, and by nearly 200 persons. Of these, 
a large number are college students, who expect to fol- 
low forestry as a profession, and who work for the Bureau 
during the summer, chiefly for the experience that the 
work gives them. 
It would seem that at last the people of the United 
States had become aroused to a sense of the importance to 
the nation of the fast-disappearing forests, so th^t now— 
almost altogether through the influence of the old Division 
of Forestry and its chief, Mr. GifTord Pinchot — efforts are 
being made to harvest the forestry crop in intelligent and 
economical ways, and at the same time to keep up the 
productivity of the forests. Lumbermen and corporations 
making use of lumber have at last been brought to see 
that the object of forestry is not to keep the public from 
having lumber, but to enable it to have constantly more 
and more lumber. When a comprehension of' this fact 
reached the public mind, no reasoning was required to 
enable it to see that forest care and forest management 
were good things and ought to be encouraged. 
VACATION SCHOOLS. 
A THOUGHTFUL paper on the physician's influence as to 
vacation schools, by Dr. Helen C. Putnam, was recently 
published in the Bulletin of the American Academy of 
Medicine, and deserves a wide reading. 
Every American, whether he be a sportsman or not, is 
interested in the educational problem, on which to soi large 
an extent the future of our country depends. Although 
our public schools are frequently criticised, they are yet 
believed to be the best in the world, but, realizing that 
they might be better, many people are giving much thought 
to the question of their improvement. 
Within the past few years a movement has taken place 
in cities to establish what are called vacation schools — 
that is to say, sessions of light school work during the 
summer vacations — held during the morning only, and at 
which attendance is voluntary. The object of establishing 
such schools is to keep the children off the streets during 
the months of July and August, and to provide for them 
good associations and improving work which shall be 
agreeable, in place of the evil influences to which they are 
likely to be exposed in the city streets. Since attendance is 
voluntary, these schools, if they are to have any success, 
must be made attractive to the children. They must be 
encouraged and helped to do the things that they like. 
The schools are for children under sixteen years of 
age, and such children love to play— in other words, to 
enjoy themselves. The vacation schools offer in a certain 
orderly fashion this enjoyment, which not only secures 
regular attendance at the schools, but also faithful work. 
Another attractive part of the school work includes fresh- 
air parties, sojourns in summer camps and at farms, and 
shorter visits to the country. On such visits something 
may be taught of nature and nature study, and an interest 
aroused in such things, which may be followed up by work 
in the class room with flowers, plants, aquaria, pet ani- 
mals, and museum specimens. 
The excursions which take place weekly may be to the 
country or to parks or museums, or art galleries. The 
children who go on them are deeply interested in what 
they are to see, eager to learn, and so not afraid to ask 
questions, and have their attention concentrated on the 
subject of study, which makes it certain that much that 
they see and hear will remain in the mind. 
All this is good as training, but far better in the effect 
which it has in broadening the child's mind, in giving its 
thoughts and interests a wider range, and in offering it 
a choice of subjects of interest, of recreation and of occu- 
pation for its future life. Nature study not only trains 
and broadens and gives pleasure, but it also furnishes to 
each child an unconscious safeguard from future harm 
whose importance can hardly be overestimated. 
The Spaniards say Un clavo saca otro clavo, and it is 
true that if we encourage in a child a love for nature and 
deeply interest him in the things of out of doors, there 
will be left in his mind little inclination to think of evil 
things, and little time to plot mischief. The small boy 
whose head is filled with the care and comfort of his pets, 
or who is deeply interested in collecting butterflies, or 
flowers, or deserted birds' nests; the older boy who is 
crazy about fishing or shooting, or who spends much of 
his time hanging over the bank with his nose close to the 
water while he watches the niovements of the curious 
creatures who live in it; these are not the boys who get 
into mischief, who worry their parents by staying out late 
at night, and who are a cause of anxiety from the doubtful 
associations which they form. 
Great, then, are the vacation schools for the good that 
they have done, and the greater still are their pQssibilities 
for the future. Most strongly they appeal to the dwellers 
in the great cities, for the happy children of the country 
do not need then^. , ' 
