196 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[Sept. 
Freeboard — , . . 
Stem 3ft. 2%in. 
Taffrail • 2ft. sVA^ti. 
Least 2ft. 
Draft- 
Extreme .. • 6ft. 9 in- 
To rabbet • • • • • 2ft. fAin. 
Displacement i4,479-oo bs. 
Outside ballast 5,725-00 bs. 
Pounds per inch at L.W.L 1,084.38^5. 
Lateral plain 80.56 sq. ft. 
Wetted surface 323-74 sq. ft. 
Sails • 1,253-00 sq. ft. 
Rudder 7-29 sq. ft. 
Ratio- 
Ballast to displacement 395 
Sail area to wetted surface 387 
(Stem to C.B.) to L.W.L........ .517 
Overhangs to L.W.L 615 
(Stem to C.L.R.) to L.W.L 55i 
(C.E. to C.L.R.) to L.W.L 028 
Rudder to balance lateral plain 09 
Small Yacht Construction and 
Rigging. 
'" BY LINTON HOPE. yd- 
Chapter XII.— Spar& 
The spars of most small yachts and boats are made from Nor- 
way sprace, which is imported in the form of rough natural 
spars of all sizes, and can be obtained of any timber merchant. 
For small raters, Canadian hollow spars, and bamboos, are 
both largely vised. 
Bamboo spars are most suitable for small raters, and for 
spars of 4in. to Sin. diameter; they are stronger and lighter than 
any others, b\it can only be obtained in standard lengths. They 
are very hahle to spHt in hot weather. The usual stock sizes 
.are as .follows : 
Masts.— 4in. to 6, or Bi/^in. at butt; and 33 to 35ft. long (con- 
siderable taper), , 
Masts, booms, yards, and small spars. — 3in. to ZVzm. at butt; 
/METHOP or SErriMQ OUT the end ofaSPARi 
iRBAoy roK SKwtNC,. OA y^otKKtuq up with rue. 
S to 25ft. long; 2in. to 2%in. at butt; and 18 to 22ft. long 
(fairly i^rallel). Im. to l^-^in. at butt; and 18ft. long (either par- 
allel fxr taper). 
These canes should be carefully selected from the bales, and 
it will talce an hour or two's dirty work to pick out a set of first- 
class stick*, which are all free from cracks, and perfectly 'straight. 
8^ 
LOWER END 
OF MAST 
'9 2 DEStC,N.) 
SPfDCR BAMO 
It is well worth while to enlist the sympathies of the foreman 
when undertaking this task, and a few shillings to the men who 
turn over the canes are not wasted, as they can tell a sound 
cane where a novice would not 
In preparing a bamboo spar, all knots or joints shovild be 
rasped down smooth, and small whippings or bindings "-of fine 
twine put on between joints. This whipping may be omitted 
in the case of a really good cane, but it is very difficult to tell 
when a cane will split or not. The ends of all bamboos should 
Jiave light metal ferrules or wire whippings on them, as they 
must be plugged with pine and would split at once if nothing 
were put on the end. The plugs should be cut to fit the inside 
of the cane exactly, and should have a shoulder on them to rest 
I on the end of the bamboo. A hole may be bored up the inner 
D'A • /ft' 
/VIA ST HEAD 
(ms z Design/) 
wme. 
ffiAlN a 
HALUfiHO 
t-IFT 
PLAN OP CfiOFS T/t£ES FROm aciOIV 
WOOD CktKfF JAWS 
