446 
NATURAL HISTORY OF AFRICA. 
collected by the order of the kings of Egypt, in 
an island in the Red Sea named Zemorget, or 
the Island of Topazes. 
Emerald.— The Romans are said to have 
procured this gem from the mountains situated on 
the western shores of the Red Sea in Upper Egypt 
and Ethiopia. Bruce mentions an island in the 
Red Sea named the Island of Emeralds, but 
which contains only green coloured fluor spar. 
3. ChrysoberyL — This gem is also enumerated 
amongst the mineral productions of Upper Egypt. 
4. Schorl — It occurs imbedded in the granite 
at the sources of the Senegal. 
5. Epidote or Pistacite. — This mineral is found 
in the valleys near Cosseir, along with actynolite, 
and also near Orange river in Southern Africa. 
6. Precious Garnet, — This beautiful gem is 
found in Ethiopia and in Madagascar. 
7. Quartz. — The rarest varieties of quartz met 
with in Africa are the Avanturine, which is found 
in Egypt, and the rock crystal of Tunis and 
Madagascar. 
8. Wood Stone. — This mineral is already men- 
tioned as occurring mibedded in the sand of the 
desert. 
9. Calcedony and Carnelian. — ^Both these semi- 
pellucid stones are found on the banks of the Nile, 
in Upper and Lower Egypt* 
10. Agate. — It is found to the eastward of Cairo* 
