APPENDIX. 
525 
time that the Nile decreases, they slightly dig the earth, and 
not one of them is disappointed in his labour ; but every one, 
by digging, finds more or less of gold, according to the gift of 
God. And after the Nile hath entirely returned to its former 
bounds, they sell what they have found, and trade among them- 
selves ; indeed, the greater part of the gold is bought by the 
merchants of Vareclan, and by the remotest western mer» 
chants, and they carrying it into their countries, strike and 
coin it into pieces of money ; with which they carry on their 
trade. This happens every year. 
Next to the cities of the country ©f Vancara lies the great 
and populous city Tirca, distant from Ghana six days' journey ; 
the road lies along the banks of the Nile. From Tirca to the 
city Marasa is reckoned six days ; and from this to the coun- 
try of Secmara is six days' journey. From that to the city 
Semegda is eight days' journey. This is a beautiful and agree- 
able city, situated on the shore of a fresh water sea, and distant 
from the city Reghebil, nine days. Also from the city Sec- 
mara to the city of Reghebil, towards the south, is a journey 
of six days. The city Reghebil lies also on the shore of a fresh 
water sea, and is of a beautiful form and magnitude, situated 
under a mountain, which overhangs it on the south side. Be- 
tween the city Reghebil, towards the west, and the city Gha- 
nara, there is a distance of eleven days. The city Ghanara is 
on the bank of the Nile, enclosed with a strong wall, and in- 
habited by a numerous and robust people. Also from this 
city to that of Ghana is a journey of eleven days, where water 
is very scarce. All the countries just mentioned are under 
the dominion of the King of Ghana. 
Climate I — Part III. — The most famous cities which 
are contained in this third part of the first climate are Kaugha 
and Kucu, Tamalma, Zaghara, Mathan, Angimi, Nuabia, and 
Tagua. The city Kaugha is on the north bank of the fresh 
water, from which its inhabitants draw to drink. This city is 
