152 
president's address. 
for it was found that tetrasporce were so abundant over wide 
areas as to give the sea a peculiar green colour, and "diatoms 
were frequently in such enormous abundance that the tow nets 
were filled to the brim with a yellow-brown slimy mass, with a 
distressing odour, through which various crustaceans, annelids and 
other animals wriggled." 
One of the most recent Antarctic explorations was made in the 
Jason in 1893-1894. During the voyage of the Jason (Captain 
C. A. Larsen) to the Antarctic lands the discovery was made of a 
new active volcano, named by Captain Larsen Christensen 
Volcano, lat. 65° 5' S., long. 58° 40' W * 
" The volcano had the shape of a sugarloaf and was of con- 
siderable height. The ice was melted for a considerable distance 
around it. It presented a remarkable aspect, as round the top 
and on the slopes there were funnel-like holes, from which a very 
black and thick smoke issued from time to time, covering the top 
itself." 
It is also stated (op. cit. p. 342) that to W. hy 1ST. from 
Christensen Volcano there are five islands, one of which is very 
high, and all probably volcanic, as their tops were free from snow, 
whereas those of the mountains on the mainland are snow-clad. 
On the sketch chart accompanying this paper the active volcano 
of Sarsee is shown in the same neighbourhood, and also Linden- 
berg Volcano [extinct (?)]. 
The Jason also visited Paulet Island, once an active volcano 
( op. cit. p. 344). It was quite clear of snow, its steep red cliffs 
thrown into relief by the grey background of the interior of the 
island, giving it a striking appearance. The most important 
discovery of the Jason, from a scientific point of view, was that 
of Lower Tertiary fossils in situ, at Cape Seymour. These were 
Cucullcea, Natica, Cytherea and pieces of petrified wood, all of 
course indicating a former climate much warmer than that which 
now prevails. 
As regards climate, and distribution of animal and plant life, 
the Antarctic regions are in strong contrast with the Arctic. 
* The Geogr. Journ. Vol. iv. No. 4, Oct. 1894, pp. 340-341. 
