PRESIDENTS ADDRESS. 
155 
There are numerous volcanoes in the Antarctic Regions. 
Altogether there are about five active and seventeen dormant 
or extinct volcanoes, as far as I can learn from the somewhat 
imperfect information at my disposal. The volcanoes of 
Victoria Land show a tendency to linear arrangement. From 
Mount Sabine, 9,500 feet high, to Mt. Melbourne, 15,000 feet, 
the trend is sou-sou-westerly. Mount Erebus, 12,367, an active 
volcano, and Mount Terror, 10,884- feet, extinct, lie almost 
due South of Mount Sabine. Further north from Mount 
Sabine the great earth-fold, on the septum of which this chain 
of volcanoes is situated, probably bends a little westwards, as 
shown partly by the soundings, partly by the position of 
Balleny's Isle, an active or dormant volcano, estimated by 
Balleny to be about 12,000 feet high.* North-west of Balleny's 
Island the great fold trends perhaps to the knotting point between 
the Tasmanian axis of folding, described in my address last year, 
and that of New Zealand, the former perhaps running through 
Royal Company Island, and the latter through or near Auckland 
Island and Macquarie Island. The knotting point would pro- 
bably be somewhere (approximately) near the intersection of the 
60th parallel of south latitude with the 150th meridian of longitude 
east from Greenwich. It would thus join the line of extinct 
volcanoes along East Australia on the west, and perhaps the 
active volcanic zone of the North Island of New Zealand, or at 
all events the fold which bounds that continent, on the east. 
Traced in the opposite direction, the volcanic zone probably 
runs through Seal Islands, the active volcanoes of Christensen 
and Sarsee, and through Mount Haddington, an extinct volcano 
in Trinity Land, to Paulet and Bridgman Islands, active volcanoes. 
*Mr. C. E. Borchgrevink of the whaler Antarctic informs me that when 
he was in the vicinity of this island in 1895 he saw no trace of the volcano 
being in eruption. Sir James Ross, however, states (Voyage to the Southern 
Seas, Vol. i. p. 272), quoting from the log of the Eliza Scott, " as we stood 
in for it [Balleny's Isle, T.W.E.D.] we plainly perceived smoke arising 
from the mountain tops. It is evidently volcanic, as specimens of stone, or 
rather cinders, will prove." 
