TRYPANOSOME OCCURRING IN THE BLOOD OF MAN 461 
slide, viz., the body is generally bent at an angle opposite the nucleus (see Fig. 4, 
Plate V). I have observed this in most of the stained and in formalin prepara- 
tions ; whether this is a distinguishing feature or not is difficult to decide, but it is 
curious to note in film preparations that the body of T. lewisi does not bend 
but sets in a crescentic manner (Plate V, Fig. 1) ; in the case of T. brucei, the body 
makes three or four curves, (Plate V, Fig. 2). The number of trypanosomes present 
in fresh preparations (three-quarter inch square cover glass) is indicated in Chart III. 
It is to be noticed that during the apyrexial period, they were not detected in the 
blood. I have not observed dividing forms in any of the slides made. 
A blood count was made on December 18, four hours after food — 
Red corpuscles numbered 3,850,000 per cmm. 
White „ ,, 12,000 
Hoemoglobin was 76 per cent. (Gower's apparatus). 
A differential count of the white corpuscles was made on several occasions, when 
the parasites were present, and when few or none could be detected in the blood. 
On all occasions the counts showed an increase of lymphocytes at the expense of the 
polynuclear, the relation being generally about 50 per cent, of the latter to 40 per 
cent, of the former. 
The only record of a trypanosome occurring as a human parasite is one by 
Nepveu, 1 who, as a result of his researches in malaria carried out in Algeria, in the 
summer of 1888, describes various forms of organisms, streptococci, algae, micrococci, 
etc., as occurring in the blood of malaria patients, together with various forms of 
infusoria and sporozoa. He states at the end of his paper : — 
' Je n'ai jamais pu trouver, malgre le plus grand soin, la trypanomonade ou le 
trypanosome de Danilewski, mais certainement des caracteres assez nombreux 
semblent en indiquer expendant la presence, ou tout au moins la presence d'un 
hematozoaire tres voisin. On rencontre, en effet dans le sang quelques elements qui 
semblent representer le stade spherique ou la periode de segmentation du trypanosome 
(vesicules a queue, vesicules en larmes bataviques, etc.') 
In 1898, he published an article Sur un trypanosome dans le sang de Phomme* 
based on his previous observations in Algeria in 1888, in which he contradicts 
the statement given above. In one case, he found an organism with two flagella 
(trypanomonas of Labbe). In five others he found organisms which presented 
all the characters of the trypanosomes. In all cases they were associated with various 
parasites of malaria. The cases were chiefly pernicious forms of malaria, except in 
one subject, who was apparently in good health. 
It is very unfortunate that no morphological details are given, and that only a 
few rough drawings published in his previous article are available. 
1. Etude sur les Parasites du sang chez Ies Paludiques. Mem. de la Socie'te' de Biologic, 1891, T. III., p. 39-50. 
2. Sur un Trypanosome dans le sang de l'homme. Mem. de la Societe de Biologic. Seance du Dec. 24, 1898. 
G I 
