Jan. 18. 1902.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
49 
were yesterday those pretty spots on their sides and all 
the other colorings of the most beautiful fish, and that 
picture I think more of to-day than the one in oil. _ But I 
was caught and severely reprimanded for my inquisitive- 
Brown's Tract Guides, 
liditor Forest and Stream 1 
The annual meeting of the Brown's Tract Guides' As- 
sociation held in Bootiville, Jan. g. was largely attended 
?md great interest was manifested in the proceedings. 
The Association has over 400 members, and is the, strong- 
est organization of its kind that was ever formed. Presi- 
dent Richard Crego presided. Secretary and Treasurer 
A. M. Church submitted his annual report, of which an 
abstract follows: "The increase in members during the 
'year just past has been 103, ten guides Of .active mem- 
bers, and ninety^three associate members, making, _ all 
told) 432 members, and of these seventy-eight are guides 
or active members. The total receipts amounted to 
$877.25; di-sbursements, $707.96; balance on hand, %79-^9- 
We recovered a penalty in one case for "shooting trout of 
$25, and the only other case we had was that of two 
Canadian Frenchmen— lumbermen — who killed a deer 
March 6. 1001, near Beaver River. Information was fur- 
nished by a member of the Association, and they were 
taken before Justice J. H. Higby by Special Protector Ira 
Parsons, and fined $50 each. Failing to pay, they were 
sent to the county jail at Herkimer for fifty days each. 
During the latter part of July and through August we 
had a special representative at White Lake. McKeever and 
Up the railroad as far as Clearwater. We also had an- 
other at Fourth Lake, and much valuable evidence was 
Stained In this way. We kept as close watch as possible 
Oil all the country between Beaver River and the South 
Branch of Moose River, east to Raquette Lake, and north 
to Independence River. Dogs were found running deer 
about the Brown's Tract ponds, Eighth Lake and north 
to Shallow, and several were killed. Two were killed in 
(lie vicinity of the road running from White Lake Corners 
to Woodhttll Reservoir, and one found funn'ng loose 
Hijcmt the north shore of Fourth Lake. We found that 
One deer had been killed at Long Lake and taken to 
White Lake in July, One was killed in July and another 
late in August in Nick's Lake, and two on Gibb's Lake. 
We Sllstj have evidence in several other cases, one of which 
wus placed in the hands of State Game Protector Wait, 
w ho has not yet reported progress. During this time 
wi' employed one man for a month, and others as we 
could get them, and as they were needed. Beside the man 
for a month, we employed gu'des and others in raiding 
fete country about r.50 days. 
"The fishitjg 'he past season has not been up to the 
Siual standard. There were some good catches made 
fc&rly in the season, but as a whole the fishing season 
was poor,. There were the usual ''number of fishermen Who 
caught fcll they could and itiore than they ought. Be- 
tween the bass and the ffiintioW traps, the bait fish are 
about exterminated in the Fulton Chain, and the buoy 
fishing which we condemned last year will kill itself in 
the. near future. .1 have so far found but two men who 
report that there are as many deef ill the woods as last 
year, and one of these hteh did hot get one at thai. I 
find many more hunters this year who are in favor of 
? hortftutlg the open season on deer, and it seems to be 
the geheral opinion of all our people that all hunting of 
tfeet in the month of November should be cut out. Fully 
one-half the deer taken were killed during the part of the 
season that is in the month of November. On one train 
from the woods oil Nov. 10 were fifty-two carcasses of 
deer. On Nov, 15 the morning train into Utica carried 
thirty-two, and the afternoon train seventy-four. The 
Fisheries, Game and Forest Commission report 1,286 deer 
being shipped from the woods by express, and estimate 
that 6.000 were killed in the Adirondack wilderness the 
last season for hunting. Will 6000 fawns pull through 
this winter and be ready to take their places next spring? 
Partridges were more plenty this last season in the 
Adirondacks than for several years past, the season being 
particularly adapted for their breeding. During last win- 
ter's session of the Legislature your secretary had some 
correspondence in regard to measures relating to game 
protection, and, in company with another member, visited 
Albany to protest against a bill to allow hounding in two 
pr three counties. The proposed measure died in the 
'committee, and a bill extending the anti-hounting law of 
15-89? another five years was passed and received the Gov- 
ernor's signature. Your committee on game law legisla- 
tion prepared several bills tending to carry out the recom- 
mendations made by you at the last annual meeting. They 
wpre mtrodnced and nushed by Senator Garry A. Wil- 
taril and passed the Senate, but through pressure of busi- 
ness and other reasons, failed to get out of the Assembly 
committee. We lost by resignation last year one mem- 
ber, Benjamin Aborn, of Cleveland, O., and during the 
year four of our best and most influential members have 
died. They were Leander W, Fiske and Robert Perrie, of 
Boonville; Arthur W. Soper, of New York, and Samuel 
W. Skinner, of Cincinnati." 
C. R. Sperry offered the following resolutions, which 
were all adopted except the one pertaining to the shoot- 
ing of does : 
Whereas, The Brown's Tract Guides' Association was organized 
Ihy the co-operation of about fifty of the leading guides of that 
section for the purpose of protecting the fish and forests of the 
/Adirondacks. (They were encouraged in this undertaking by all 
Urue sportsmen and law-abiding citizens who love the forests and 
native habitants of its woods and waters. They were led to this 
■ action by practical and personal knowledge of the rapid destruction 
>of fish and game, both in and out of season, in this region, and 
fully realizing that some radical measures must be taken to pre- 
vent the wanton destruction of this most noble game and sport, 
have bandsd themselves together to prevent, in as far as lies In 
their powe"f, its rapid and unlawful destruction by irresponsible 
persons, pot and market hunters); and 
Whereas, It has become self-evident, not only to the guides them- 
selves, but the casual observer, that the State game protectors ap- 
pointed and assigned to the Adirondack region for the protection 
of fish and game are entirely inadequate for the purpose, not only 
in point of numbers, but in qualification and fitness for the work, 
by reason of their manifest unfitness and training as woodsmen 
and lack of earnest endeavor to perform their whole duty; there- 
fore, be it , . 
Resolved, That it is the sense of this Association and meeting 
(hat the State should assume more responsibility for the protec- 
tion of its forests, fish and game, and to that end assign more 
protectors to the forest oreserve, and exercise more c3tftion in 
ideating protectors, fitted by training and ambition for the pur- 
posed 
' Pcsolved. Th^t this Association, condemn buoy or anchor fishing. 
and respectfully request the Legislature to pa36 a tow prohibiting 
fishing at buoys or anchors in the waters inhabited by trout 
within tlie forest preserve. 
Resolved, That this Association recommend that the close season 
for wild de«r shall be from Nov. 1 to Aug. 31, both inclusive. 
Whereas, In years past many men have been mistaken for deer 
and shot, and whereas, hunters and sportsmen in their eager pur- 
suit of deer, have not used sufficient caution to distinguish the 
difference between deer and men, and whereas, the time has now 
come when radical measures must be taken for the further pro- 
tection of the deer in the forests, which are fast being depleted; 
therefore, be it 
Resolved, And this Association most strenuously urge that no 
doe or female deer shall be killed at any time within the forest 
preserve. [This resolution was not adopted.] 
Resolved, That this Association condemn the sale of deer, ven- 
ison, partridge, woodcock or quail, also brook or lake trout taken 
from the inland waters of the State, except the sale of live fish 
or game for the purpose of stocking or restocking forests or 
waters. 
Resolved That the close season for black bear shall be from 
May 1 to Sept. 30, both inclusive. 
Resolved, That this Association heartily indorse the candidacy 
of John E. Ball for the appointment of State game protector for 
Hie ITerkimer district. 
Whereas, the question of lumbering State lands within the forest 
preserve is now being discussed; and 
Whereas, In our judgment that not only means the destruction 
of the forests but also the cutting off of the present water supply 
of the State; therefore, be it 
Resolved, That this Association most strenuously protests 
against lumbering or cutting the timber on the State lands. 
Richard Crego, 
D. F. Sperry, 
A. M. Church, 
C. R. Sperry, 
Committee. 
Officers were elected as follows: President, Richard 
Crego; Vice-President, Garry A. Riggs; Secretary and 
Treasurer, A. M. Church. The Executive Committee con- 
sists of D. T. Charbonneau, William Stell, Charles Smith, 
J. E. Ball, Biott H. Kent, H. D. Grant, Danforth Ains- 
worth, Sr. 
At the conclusion of the business meeting a banquet was 
enjoyed, about 300 guests being present. Hon. H. D. 
Grant acted as toastmaster at the post-prandial session, 
and many interesting speeches were made. 
W, E. W. 
Utica, N. Y., Jan. 10. 
Calendars, 
Spratts Patent (America) Limited, of Market and 
Congress streets, Newark, N. J., have issued a calendar 
for 1002, which is illustrated in colors with themes con- 
cerning cats, dogs and poultry. Those who desire one 
.should apply to Spratts Patent, as per address afore- 
mentioned. 
ffzehtittg. 
Designing Competition. 
In view of the continued and increasing interest in 
yachting, a designing competition will be opened in the 
columns of Forest and Stream. In America the yacht- 
ing season is comparatively a short one, and such a com- 
petition as has been determined upon will serve to stimu- 
late the interest in the subject during the winter months. 
The competition is open to both amateur and professional 
designers. Three prizes will be given for the best de- 
signs of a yacht conforming to the following conditions : 
I. A pole mast sloop. 
II, 25ft. load waterline 
III. Not over 4ft. draft (with centerboard hoisted). 
IV. At least 50 per cent, of ballast outside on keel. 
V. 5ft. headroom under cabin carlins. 
All abnormal features must be studiously avoided in 
the design ; and the construction, sail and cabin plans 
should be of the simplest character. It was our idea in 
laying out the conditions of the competition to make them 
simple as possible, so as not to hamper in any way 
the designer, and yet convey to all that we wished to 
produce a safe, comfortable cruiser on which two or 
three amateurs could live with comfort for a period of 
two or three months and cruise along our eastern sea- 
board from New York to Halifax with safety. A center- 
board boat of moderate draft was decided upon, as so 
many more harbors would be accessible to a boat of that 
type. 
DRAWINGS REQUIRED. 
I. Sheer plan, scale iin. = ift. — showing center of 
buoyancy and lateral resistance. 
II. Half breadth, scale iin. = ift. 
III. Body plan, scale iin = I ft. 
IV. Cabin plan, scale iin. = ift. 
V. Sail plan, %iti. == ift., showing center of effort. 
The sails should consist of a jib. mainsail, sp : n- 
naker and balloon jib. No topsail will be carried. 
A table of offsets and an outline specification must 
accompany each design. The drawings should be care- 
fully drawn and lettered. All drawings should be made 
on white paper or tracing cloth in black ink (no colored 
inks or pigments should be used). The designs must 
bear a nom-de-plume only and no indication must be 
given of the author. In a sealed envelope, however, the 
designer should inclose his own name and address, to- 
gether with his nom-de-plume. All designs must be re- 
ceived at the office of the Forest and Stream Publish'ng 
Company, 346 Broadway, New York City, not later than 
Feb. 28, 1002. All drawings will be returned, but postage 
should accompany each. 
The Forest and Stream reserves the right to publish 
any or all the designs. 
The prizes offered are as follows: 1st prize, $25.00; 
2d prize, $15.00; 3d prize, $10.00. Mr. Theodore C. Zerega 
offers an additional prize of $10.00 for the best cabin plan. 
Honorable mention will also be made of meritorious 
designs. 
Mr. Clinton H. Crane, of the firm of Messrs. Tams, 
-Lemoine & Crane, has kindly consented to judge the 
designs and make the awards. Mr. Crane's professional 
standing is so high that he needs" no introduction, and 
every confidence will be put in his ability and fairness. 
Messrs. Tarns, Lemoine & Crane have chartered -rh'e 
steam yacht Margarita, owned by Col. A, J. Drexel, to 
Mr. Charles B. Alexander. The yacht is now in English 
waters, and Mr. Alexander will go to the Mediterranean 
in her in the early spring. 
Racing and Cruising ^Yachts. 
The following interesting lecture was delivered by 
Mr. William Gardner, of the firm of Messrs. Gardner Si 
Cox, naval architects, New York city, before the Yachts- 
men's Club, Monday evening, Dec. 30: 
In introducing to you the history of the changes which 
have taken place in racing yachts, it seems to me unneces- 
sary to antedate the period of our first racing of interna- 
tional reputation. Our first boa<t of great importance we 
all know was America. Previous to the construction of 
America our boats were built on what is known as the 
"cod's head and mackerel-tail" plan. The forms of these 
boats were developed from the forms of fishes, and up to 
that time it had been considered that the form best 
adapted for moving beneath the surface of the water was 
naturally best for movement on the surface. 
America represented a decided departure from pre- 
vious yacht designing in this country, in that she had 
an extremely long bow and short run. This was an 
acknowledgment that surface resistance was totally differ- 
ent from the resistance under water. The idea was not 
new, nor the application new. America's success was due 
to the fact that in connection with the long bow there 
was a decidedly raking keel, which brought the center 
of lateral resistance well aft, combined with the center 
of buoyancy, and at the same time the center of area of sail 
was carried further aft to correspond with the buoyancy 
and central lateral plane. This produced as a whole a 
remarkably successful boat. Added to the improvements 
in model were to be found the flat sails, which were prac- 
tically unknown at that time. 
The success of America was not due to any single 
novelty, but she was the result of a combination of new 
ideas and carefully thought out principles, all of which 
were symmetrical and produced a perfect combination. 
At the time of the appearance of America a boat had 
been already built in England which possessed very ad- 
vanced ideas. This was Mosquito. She sailed in the 
race against America, but owing to her grounding, the 
actual results of her speed compared with America were 
not known. She was considered, however, fully the equal 
of America. Mosquito possessed many of the new fea- 
tures of America, but her sails were not so good, and 
her forefoot was unquestionably too deep. 
One of the most interesting boats produced at about 
that period was Oncahi. This vessel had a full bilge, an 
extremely hollow garboard and a broad keel. The object 
was to carry the ballast very low, which they certainly 
succeeded in doing. Owing to her lateral plane and large 
displacement, the boat failed to score a bnlliant success. 
However, she represented the beginning of the modern 
ballast fin. She was one of the products of the Stevens, 
and was an example showing the advanced ideas the 
Stevens possessed at that time. Maria was another 
product of the Stevens, and possessed many remarkable 
feaftires. She was altered several times, and while the 
various models of Maria are still in existence, it is at this 
day very difficult to tell which is the original model and 
which the later substituted models which were used in 
alteration. However, there is among the several models 
one which deserves attention and comment. This boat 
has a waterline of about 110ft., with convex waterline 
and convex bow — very similar to Shamrock U. 
The fore end, however, was at least 2ft. 6in. wide at 
the forward end on deck, but was circular in form, in- 
stead of square, as shown on Shamrock II. 
In reaching Maria was certainly a wonderful vessel. 
In going to windward she was not so" successful— due 
probably to her hollow bow. Her sails were the first 
ever made, so far as we know, with the seams running 
in a horizontal direction, and her spars, so far as we 
know, were the first hollow spars ever built. Her mast 
was hollow and was bored. Her boom was hollow and 
built up. I think she possessed the only thoroughly 
successful hollow wooden boom that has been built over 
90ft. in length. 
After America and her contemporaries Una and Julia, 
the American model changed very decidedly. These boats 
were deep, substantial vessels, with fairly large dis- 
placement, fine ends and perfect balance. Their suc- 
cessors were boats of moderate displacement, great beam, 
faint bilge and large sail. 
In general, we can say that in New" York yachting was 
confined to the Lower Bay and Long Island Sound. At 
the same time large yachts were built of the keel type, 
which boats, however, with the exception of the Sappho, 
possessed no particular characteristics or merit. While 
they went to sea occasionally, they became distintrnisbed 
mainly by the courage and pluck of their owners and sail- 
ing masters. 
One of the most notable improvements in yacht design- 
ing was developed in Kitten, which was a production of 
John Harvey, of Wyvenhoe, England. She was a boat 
with a very shallow forefoot, a straight keel, from the 
stem to the forefoot, and a very marked rake to her stern- 
post — about 50 degrees. She was the first, boat to repre- 
sent the low-ballast principle combined with small sur- 
face. 
Her successor, on a large scale, was Jullanar. This 
boat was a refinement of Kitten, in that she had a more 
extreme cutaway to the forefoot, a vertical sternpost, 
placed fully 20 per cent, from the after end of the load 
waterline. 
This boat was perfectly balanced, was fast in light 
winds, and is to-day a wonderful performer in rough 
water at sea. 
These two boats. Kitten and Jullanar. were the fore- 
runners of the modern short keel, which has been car- 
ried to such an extreme at the present time, the length 
of the keel now being determined by the length which 
is necessary for the ballast. 
The first boats after Fannie, Columbia, Magic, etc., 
worthy of mention are the Ellsworth boats, Comet, prob- 
ably, while not necessarily the best boat Ellsworth turned 
out, is certainly the most distinguished. She represented, 
contrary to previous practice, a boat of larger displace- 
ment than usual, small surface and finer ends. While as 
a model she was a remarkable boat, she h*d the assist- 
ance of Joe Ellsworth, the brother of the designer, who 
was probably the first man in America to make yacht 
racing a science. Combined with unusual skill in boat 
handling, Joe Ellsworth possessed great knowledge of 
tides, winds, eddies and currents. A't times this knowl- 
edge was- of siren value that Gosnet, although not m a race, 
