FOREST AND STHEAM, 
iWjfcM M, J 902. 
Records of the Yacht Racing: Association of Gravesend Bay, Series of 
SLOOPS— CLASS M. 
1 
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2 
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Bonito, Haviland Brothers... , 
Vivian, S. E. Vernon 
Titania, W. H. Childs 
SLOOPS— CLASS N. 
Squaw, H. J. Heath • 
Vivian, S.- E. Vernon ■ 
Susie, C. Ferguson 
Narika, F. T. Cornell - 
Gwendolyn, PI. G. S. Noble..... 
Bonito, Haviland Brothers 
SLOOPS— CLASS P. 
Song and Dance, E. F. Luckenbach s 
Cockatoo, Hendon Chubb... • 
Corona, J. E. Beggs 
Wraith, Calvin Tomkins 
SLOOPS— CLASS Q. 
Wraith, Calvin Tomkins 1 
Spots, D. D. Allerton • 
Wink, W. A. Barstow.... 2 
Broncho, F. C. Moore 
Elsie, C. P. Rosemon 
Corodo, A. Peters ■• •• 
CLASS Q— SPECIAL. 
Minnetonka, S. E. Vernon 
SLOOPS— CLASS R. 
Pebble, R. W. Speir ••• 2 
Budget, Henry Anthony ••• • 
Peanut Calvert Brewer 1 
Pickaninny, L. R. Connett... . ■• 
Constance, F. D. Prentice 
MARINE AND FIELD. 
Kelpie, W. K. Brown • 
Jig-a-Jig, W. A. Hutcheson..... ■ 
Quinque, L. H. Smith 
Vixen, Baylor and Mahoney , 
Stinger, A. P. Clapp 
Flving Fox Cone and Buckman 
CATBOATS-CLASS T. 
Elsie, C. P. Rosemon • 
Oui Vive, George Freeth s 
CATBOATS— CLASS V. 
Martha M., Richard Moore 
Elsie, C. P. Rosemon • s 
s Sailover d Disqualified. .., Did not start. D, Did not finish. *, Disqualified once. 
A Y. C. Atlantic Yacht Club. B. Y. C, Brooklyn Yacht Club. M. & F. C, Marine and Field 
First place, 10 points. Second place, 8 points. Third place, 6 points. Fourth place, 4 points. 
TUNE 
JULY 
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Club. N. Y. C. C, New York Canoe Club. G. 
Fifth place, 2 points. Sixth place, 1 point. 
B. A., Yacht Racing 
Sailover, 5 points. 
Association of Gravesend Bay. 
competing, five of them qualifying by sailing the requisite 
number of races. Little interest was manifested in the 
catboat classes, and this was also the case in the 40ft. 
pawl class, 
The question of a measurement rule is the all-absorbing 
topic in the different clubs all over the country, and the 
Yacht Racing Association of Long Island Sound has 
determined to solve this difficult problem without waiting 
for others to do so, and to that end has secured the ser- 
vices of those of the best known naval architects in this 
country, Messrs. B. B. Crowninshield, William Gardner 
and Clinton H. Crane. It is the intention of these gentle- 
men to make the most careful observation of the work- 
ing of the recently adopted rule during the coming sea- 
son and to make an exhaustive report of their findings 
in the fall. New rules will be submitted if, in the judg- 
ment of the committee, they shall be necessary. 
Measurement Formulae. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
Anything which will in any degree aid in the solution 
of the question of the rating or measurement of yachts 
will be pertinent at any time. What I wish to offer may 
not have this happy effect, but it is at least discussion, 
and that is xinquestionably needed. 
I wish to confine myself for the present to a discussion 
of the simple proposition. 
A formula is impracticable. 
A formula is simply a numerical statement of relations 
and for its value depends entirely on the accuracy with 
which this is done. Thus: 
— '° IO is an accurate formula, and any test may 
be applied to it. It will work out correctly. 
Now take the basis of our measurement formula?. 
„ . , L.W.L.+ VSail Area. 
Racing length— : — — 
The racing length means simply that when two yachts 
have the same racing length their chances for winning, 
eliminating the questions of management and luck, are 
equal. That is, for the same racing length an infinite 
ntimber of combinations is possible of LWL and SA. 
If the formula be exact this means that no other elements 
affect the speed of a yacht, and this we know to be false. 
It can be easily shown by taking the case of two yachts, 
LWL=59ft. in one case SA^ift. 
LWL=3oft. in the other case SA=oooft. 
Each' has a racing length of 30ft. Manifestly they are 
not equal. It may be said that the formula is not intended 
to apply to so extreme a case. Very well, take an actual 
one: 
Yacht A, racing length 5ift.=— — ^3^4- 
5o-*-V27o4. 
Yacht B, racing length 51ft. 
Can there be any question of which is the faster? I 
think not. ^ 
But it may be said that the formula can be modified to 
meet this condition. This would be true if we knew ex- 
actly how much influence each element of the yacht had 
on its speed, but this, unfortunately, we not only do 
not know, but for yachts of dissimilar form cannot, even 
guess at. 
We know that skin friction, displacement, ratio of 
beam to length, ratio of midship section to displacement, 
ratio of depth to length, the ratio of lateral plane to sail 
area, position of ballast, ratio of ballast to displacement, 
ratio of erect LWL to over all length; form of LWL 
plane, ratio of sail area to displacement and amount of 
righting moment, not to mention the influence of the 
length and character of the overhangs and the character 
of the construction of the hull and spars, all have their 
influence on speed, and it follows, therefore, that a 
formula to have any excuse for existence must show 
affirmatively that these elements have all been considered 
and either embodied or legitimately eliminated^ 
No sane person will attempt to comply fairly with these 
conditions, though any fair person must admit them to 
be fair. 
It will not do for the advocate of the formula to say 
that this or that one has been successful thus far, because 
we know of several that worked well when applied to the 
yachts they were designed to fit, but failed completely 
as soon as they were put to the test by a designer of 
original ideas. They worked for a time simply because 
all of the elements but those considered were practically 
the same. 
Another fallacy in all formula? lies in the fact that we 
are absolutely indifferent to the influence the actual speed 
Of the yacht has in increasing the effect of its retarding 
elements. Every yachtsman knows that some yachts 
are good in light weather that are relatively slow in a 
breeze, but there are very few who assign any other 
cause than the large sail area, while if they were obser- 
vant they would see that impefections of form frequently 
come into play to put the badly designed yacht far in the 
rear long before it is time to reduce sail. Now, retard- 
ing elements may not be imperfections of form, but their 
effect will surely some time be dependent on the speed 
of the yacht, and a fair formula will consider and provide 
for them. 
Our position is far worse when we attempt by means 
of a formula to encourage any particular type or class 
of yacht, for we then are not only dealing with unknown 
elements, but are putting out the light of experience 
and groping in the dark. 
We can safely say: 
First — All measurement formula? thus far tried are 
failures. 
Second — Specific restrictions are a necessary qualifica- 
tion of them all. 
Third — The substitution in a formula of an approxima- 
tion for the actual element always leads to an evasion. 
Fourth— The classification of yachts cannot be satis- 
factorily accomplish^ by. means of a formula. 
The time is ripe for a new departure wherein our ex- 
perience and knowledge will be of service. 
George Hill. 
YACHTING NEWS NOTES* 
At Miller's yard, Patchogue, there is building a 36ft. 
yawl for Mr. John Thornton, New York city, and a 45ft. 
sloop for Mr. R. Eggleston, also of New York city. 
K *, K 
The Greenport Basin and Construction Co., of Green- 
port, L. I., recently completed the steam yacht they de- 
signed and built for Mr. A. Schwartzmann, of New York 
city. She is 122ft. on the waterline, 145ft. over all, 17ft. 
6in. breadth and 7ft. 3m. draft. The yacht was named 
Turbese. 
^ ^ 
Mr. J. H. Miller is having a 22ft. catboat built at 
Hand's yard, East Moriches, L. I. 
n « n 
The 35ft. waterline cutter building by Lawley from 
designs made by Messrs. Tams, Lembine & Crane, for 
Mr. Henry A. Morss, will be known as, Cossack and not 
Cherokee, as we stated in the issue of Tan. 18, when we 
published her plans. 
Messrs. Huntington & Seaman have made the follow- 
ing sales: Auxiliary yawl Dione to Mr. Gouvernor 
Spaulding, of New Haven ; sloop Rondinella to Mr. 
Rutherford Buchan; launch Neno to Messrs. .Ulrichs; cat- 
boat Welfare to Mr. Charles Mehlin; knockabout Ago- 
wam to Mr. F. W. Horn ; auxiliary catboat Yogi to 
Charles Everett. 
Western Yachts. 
/ 
Columbia Y. C. Percentage Table* 
Chicago, III., March 6. — Columbia Y. C, of Chicago, 
has adopted a new percentage table for use more espe- 
cially in the 21ft. class this coming" season. The table 
takes into consideration the number of yachts engaged 
in any given race, as well as the order of finish, and is 
figured out to twenty entries. It is thought this table 
is not new in certain eastern ports, but offers the fullest 
attempt at percentage records ever made here. The 
table follows: 
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Columbia Y. C. throws open the Lipton cup compete' 
tions to all clubs recognized by the Y. R. U. of th<? 
Lakes. A broad and very wise move. 
"Chicago Y. C. August Cruise, 
The Chicago Y. C. squadron will leave Chicago August 
2 for a two weeks' cruise, touching at Macatawa, Charle- 
