INDEX 
gymnosperms, 202, 218, 236, 227, 237; 
Mucor, 68, 69; pteridophytes, 130, 131, 
137- 
Swarm spores, 16, 445. 
Swelling, 300. 
Swimming spores, 16. 
Sympetalae, 239 ; classification, 280. 
Sympetalous corolla, 255. 
Sympetaly, 255. 
Symphyogyna, 101. 
Synangium, 161, 164. 
Synanthales, 277. 
Syncarpous pistils, 255. 
Syncarpy, 255. 
Synchytrium, 63. 
Synsepalous calyx, 255. 
Syringa, leaf gland, 338; leaf xylem, 343. 
Tannins, 414. 
Tapetum, 126, 153, 164, 174, 177, 257, 258, 
259. 
Tartaric acid, 414. 
Taxaceae, 212. 
Taxic movements, 431. 
Taxies, 432, 446. 
Taxineae, 212. 
Taxodineae, 220. 
Taxus, 213 ; microsporophyll, 214. 
Telegraph plant, 453. 
Teleutospore, 82, 83. 
Temperature, and death, 483 ; and nastic 
curvatures, 443 ; and photosynthesis, 372 ; 
and transpiration, 330. 
Tendrils, 469. 
Tension of tissues, 425. 
Terpenes, 413. 
Testa, 183, 196, 205, 209, 213. 
Tetanus, 432, 433. 
Tetracyclic flowers, 281. 
Tetraspores, 55, 50, 60. 
Thallophytes, i. 
Thelephorales, 87. 
Theobromin, 415. 
Thermotropism, 470. 
Thigmotropism, 469. 
Thuja, archegonium complex, 222. 
Tmesipteris, habit and sporangia, 142. 
Toadstools, 87. 
Tobacco, flower, 253. 
Tolypothrix, 9. 
Tone, 434. 
Tooth fungi, 88. 
Torreya, archegonium, 215; embryo, 218; fe- 
male gametophyte, 216; fertilization, 217; 
male gametophyte, 217 ; microsporophyll, 
214; strobilus, 213, 214. 
Trabeculae, 139. 
Tracheae, 241, 243, 342, 344, 345. 
Tracheids, 150, 220, 241, 244, 342, 343. 
Tradescantia, root tips, 247. 
Translocation of food, 388 ; rhythmic, 396. 
Transmission of stimuli, 430. 
Transpiration, 321, 323; factors, 329; and 
growth, 326 ; and salts, 325. 
Traumatropism, 472. 
Tree ferns, 156. 
Trehalase, 400. 
Tremellales, 86. 
Trichogyne, 56, 57, 80. 
Trichomanes, sporangia, 156. 
Triple fusion, 270. 
Tropaeolum, nectary, 339. 
Tropic movements, 431. 
Tropisms, 432, 458. 
True mosses, 115. 
Truffles, 74. 
Twiners, 467. 
Tube cell, 199. 
Tuberales, 74. 
Tubiflorales, 282. 
Tumboa, embryo, 236 ; female gametophyte, 
234; "flowers," 2 30 ; habit, 229; strobi- 
lus, 229. 
Turgidity, 308. 
Turgor, 309 ; and growth, 310 ; movements, 
451, 457 ; rigidity from, 310. 
Ulothrix, 24, 25. 
*Tlva, 26. 
Umbellales, 280. 
Umbelliferae, 280. 
Uncinula, 75, 76. 
Uredinales, 82. 
Uredo, 84. 
Uredospore, 82. 
Urostyla, movement of cilia, 446. 
Use and disuse, 284. 
Usnea, 79. 
Ustilaginales, 81. 
Vacuole, 297. 
Vascular anatomy, Bennettitales, 185 ; 
Coniferales, 219; Cordaitales, 203 ; Cyca- 
dales, 192, 194; Cycadofilicales, 181, 182; 
Dicotyledons, 242, 245; Equisetum, 145; 
Filicales, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162; Ginkgo, 
207; Gnetales, 229; Isoetes, 138; Lyco- 
podium, 124, 125; Monocotyledons, 244, 
245; Ophioglossales, 149; root, 247, 249; 
Selaginella, 133. 
Vaucheria, 34, 35, 36. 
Vegetative multiplication, algae, 6, 10: 
mosses, 116. 
Velum, Isoetes, 139; mushrooms, 89. 
Vicia, geotropic root curvature, 461. 
Volva, mushrooms, 88. 
