156 
PLANT STUDIES 
power by which, the work of the plant is carried on (see 
27). 
117. Summary of life-processes. To summarize the nu- 
tritive life-processes in green plants, therefore, photosyn- 
thesis manufactures carbohydrates, 
the materials used being carbon 
dioxide and water, the work being 
done by the chloroplast with the 
aid of light ; the manufacture of 
proteids uses these carbohydrates, 
and also substances containing 
nitrogen, sulphur, etc.; digestion 
puts the insoluble carbohydrates 
and the proteids into a soluble 
form for transfer through the 
plant; assimilation converts this 
food material into the living sub- 
stance of the plant, protoplasm ; 
respiration is the oxidizing of the 
protoplasm which enables the 
plant to work, oxygen being ab- 
sorbed, and carbon dioxide and 
water vapor being given off in 
the process. 
118. Plants without chlorophyll. 
Remembering the life-processes 
described under green plants, it is 
evident that plants without chlo- 
P h y" * d .*e work of 
and winged pitcher, and the photosynthesis. This means that 
overarching hood with transiu- th canno t manufacture carbo- 
cent spots. After KEKNEK. rf 
hydrates, and that they must de- 
pend upon other plants or animals for this important food. 
Mushrooms, puff-balls, molds, mildews, rusts, dodder, 
corpse plants, beech drops, etc., may be taken as illustra- 
tions of such plants. 
