SEED-BEARING PLANTS 487 
The calyx tube is united to the one-celled ovary, and 
its upper free part, or limb, is differentiated into hairs 
(pappus}, scales, teeth, or is merely cup-shaped, or in some 
FIG. 372. Chicory (Cichorium Inlybus). A, portion of flowering 
branch; B, basal leaf (runcinate-pinnatifid) ; C, median longitudinal section 
through a head, showing the insertion of the flowers; D, individual flower; 
E, fruit (ripened ovary), showing the persistent pappus (calyx) of short 
scales. 
species entirely wanting. When the fruit is ripe, the 
pappus aids in its dissemination by the wind. 
While the style is growing up through the tube of anthers 
the stigmatic surfaces are in contact with each other, and 
