126 
TRAVELS IN NORTHERN AFRICA. 
CHAP. III. 
into the stream at the time of its rise a virgin richly dressed, and 
of superior beauty. The greatest people of the country considered 
themselves honoured if the preference was given to one of their 
daughters, and the learned men augured a good or bad year from 
the ease or difficulty with which their victim was drowned. 
There are several tribes of wandering Tibboo to the northward 
of Bornou, the principal of which are the Wandela, Gunda, and 
Traita. These people are principally Kaffirs : they do not trade, 
but live by their flocks, and not unfrequently by pillage. 
To the eastward of Bornou, near Baghermi, is a country called 
Mandra, which is tributary to Bornou, but does not escape the 
incursions for slaves, which are frequently made by its nominal pro- 
tectors. The language of this country is a corrupt dialect of the 
Bornou. The people are finely formed, and the females have hvely 
intelligent countenances : they are all Kaffirs, and live in huts of 
grass, woven like mats, and sewed together, called Booshia. 
I shall have occasion, when speaking of the country of the 
Tibboo, to mention three rivers of note which I am able to trace 
to some distance at ten days to the north of Waday. 
I now return to the accounts of the bearings of several places 
of note from Bornou. 
Birnie Jedeed to 
Baghermi, ten long days, east-south-east. 
Maoo, principal town of Kanem, fifteen days, north-north-east. 
Kanno, ten days, west. 
Kooka, fifteen days, east by south. 
Kattagum, four days, west-south-west. 
Ringhem, nine days, west-south-west. 
' Shaikoo, two days, west. 
' Kawar, ten days, north-eastward. 
Bilma, fifteen days, north-eastward. 
Makaree, eight days, east-south-east. 
