8 
FOREST AND STREAM, 
[Jan. 3, i903- 
The National Park. 
.T" From the Superintendent's Annual Report. 
Boundary Survey, 
The boundaries of the Park on the north, west and 
south sides have been carefully surveyed and fairly 
w^ell marked. There still remains unsurveyed about 
fifty miles of the boundary on the east side of the 
Park, extending from the monument established by 
Capt. Charles S. Bromwell, United States Engineers, 
on the boundary east of the Yellowstone Lake to the 
northern boundary of the Park, I have been in- 
formed that the necessary funds to pay for the sur- 
vey and marking of this portion of the eastern boun- 
dary have been appropriated, and that the Commis- 
sioner of the General Land Office has been directed 
to complete this survey. It is believed that it is the 
intention of the General Land Office to finish this 
work early next summer. It is of the greatest im- 
portance that the boundaries of the Park should be 
thoroughly established and well marked, and it is 
therefore urgently recommended that this work may 
be done just as soon as possible. 
It was my intention during the past summer to send 
out detachments for the purpose of cutting a wide 
swath along the entire boundary line of the Park 
wherever timber existed, and also for the purpose of 
setting up additional monuments where the country 
was open, and thus marking the boundary in such 
a way that it would be impossible for any one to cross 
it without being aware of the fact; but this I was 
unable to accomplish, owing to the frequent and 
unavoidable changes of troops stationed in. the Park 
during the past season. 
Game, 
The large game in the Park continues to be one of 
its most interesting features to the tourist, and during 
the early part of the season large bands of elk and 
many deer and antelope were seen by them. Late 
in the summer, when the tourist travel becomes heavy 
and the flies and mosquitoes become troublesome, 
nearly all of the elk and deer move back into the high 
mountains, and are seldom seen by the tourists who 
traA'^el through the Park by stage or wagon; they, 
however, can easily be found by any one who knows 
where to look for them, or who is sufficiently inter- 
ested in the matter to take a horse and ride out into 
' the mountains for the purpose of finding them. 
Last winter Avas an exceedingljr favorable one, and 
there should be a considerable increase in every 
species of large game throughout the Park; but this 
cannot be determined until after the snow falls, and 
the game is driven down from the high mountains to 
their winter feeding grounds. 
Already a number of mountain sheep have been 
seen on Mount Everts, where a band of 56 wintered 
last year. There were several young ones among 
those seen, and I am greatly in hopes that there will 
be a considerable increase in the band. These rare 
and interesting animals could be seen any day dur- 
ing last winter feeding along the hillside and close 
to the road between Gardiner and Mammoth Hot 
Springs, and they were so tame that one could ap- 
proach within thirty yards or nearer on foot without 
their being in the least disturbed. 
The antelope are still protected by the laws of 
Montana, and are rapidly increasing. A number of 
bands of from fifty to one hundred could be seen at 
any time last winter on the northern slope of Mount 
Everts and in the vicinity of the town of Gardiner. 
The inhabitants of Gardiner have become much in- 
terested in the preservation of these beautiful little 
animals, and not only refrained from killing them 
themselves, but saw to it that no one else in their 
vicinity disturbed them. I believe that there were 
but two antelope killed on their range along the Yel- 
lowstone River last winter. This killing was done by 
two Italian miners from Horr, who were arrested 
by Scout McBride; but while he was bringing them 
in to the Springs during the night, his horse fell with 
him and the men escaped, but lost their guns and 
equipments, which remained in the hands of the scout. 
The bear have certainly increased in numbers, and 
continue to be a great source of interest to the tour- 
ists, for they can be seen at any time during the 
season, feeding at the garbage piles at the various 
hotels and permanent camps. 
They are perfectly harmless as long as they are 
let alone and kept in a perfectly wild state, but when 
they are fed and petted, as some of them have been 
in the past, they lose all fear of human beings, and 
are liable to do considerable damage to property and 
provisions at the various hotel and camp kitchens. 
They are also liable to frighten tourists by following 
them with the expectation of being fed. The black 
and brown bears are the ones that become the most 
friendly, and consequently give the most trouble. 
Three of these animals became such a nuisance dur- 
ing the past summer that it became necessary to 
have them killed. 
It is a difficult matter to make some of the tourists 
realize that the bear in the Park are wild, and that it 
is a dangerous matter to trifle with them. The possi- 
bility of an accident or injury to some indiscreet in- 
dividual was anticipated, and on Aug. 8, 1902, a circu- 
lar was issued and posted at all of the hotels and 
permanent camps, absolutely prohibiting the inter- 
ference with or molestation of bear or any other wild 
game in the Park, etc. It was also forbidden for any 
one to feed them except at the regular garbage piles. 
A violation of the instructions contained in this cir- 
cular resulted in the serious injury of Mr. R. E. 
Southwick, a tourist from Hart, Mich. Since the ac- 
cident to Mr. Southwick, barriers have been put up 
at all of the garbage piles, and signs indicating the 
danger of approaching too near the bear have been 
posted. 
It is recommended that the gist of the circular rela- 
tive to the bear lap iftacje a part of the regulations 
governing the Park, in order that any cases of viola- 
tion of its provisions may be promptly brought be- 
fore the United States Commissioner. A copy of 
the regulations, amended so as to cover this point, is 
appended hereto. In my opinion, a strict compliance 
with the requirements of this circular is all that is 
needed to render the bear in the Park perfectly harm- 
less, and during the next season timely measures will 
be taken to see that they are complied with. 
The beaver have also apparently increased, and 
fresh signs of their work and their dams and houses 
can be seen along any of the streams in the Park. 
The scarcity of birds of all kinds has frequently 
been noted, and it has been suggested that the caper- 
cailzie and black cock, game birds of northern 
Europe, might be introduced in the Park. The caper- 
cailzie is said to be the largest of grouse species, and 
is found in large numbers in Norway and Sweden. 
Its home is in the pine forests, and when the deep 
snows come it can live on the pine leaves. The black 
cock is a fine game bird, and I believe it would also 
do well in many places in the Park. If these birds 
could be successfully raised here, they would spread 
into the neighboring country, and soon afford fine 
bird shooting where there is little or none at present. 
There are some blue and ruflfed grouse in the Park, 
but they are by no means numerous. 
In order to afford perfect protection to game in the 
Park, it is absolutely necessary to have public senti- 
ment of the people surrounding it on our side, and 
evei-y possible effort has been made to secure their 
good will in this matter. The friendly spirit that has 
been shown by the large majority of these people has 
been very encouraging, and it is my opinion that they 
now realize the fact that the protection of game in 
the Park is a matter in which they are, or should be, 
quite as much, if not more, intereste.d than any one 
else in the whole country. The recent formation of a 
game protective association in the Jackson Hole 
country, and the promise of this association to back 
up the game warden of Wyoming in his efforts to 
execute the game laws of that State, is an indication 
of what is being done along the southern border of 
the Park. 
The following extract from the monthly report of 
the non-commissioned officer in charge of the Soda 
Butte Station will show to some extent the amount of 
game that can be seen in the Park during the winter: 
Extract from monthly report of Soda Butte Station 
for month of December, 1901: 
Dec. From — 
2.. Station ... 
2 " 
3.. " 
6.. Slough Creek Cabin 
Y <( (( (( 
8..Hellroaring Cabin... 
9.. " " ... 
9.. Station 
10.. Fort Yellowstone 
10.. " 
11. .Hellroaring Cabin... 
13.. Station 
14.. " 
16.. " 
17.. " 
18*. '. Fort Yellowstone . . . 
19.. Station 
20. .Willow Creek Cabin 
21.. " 
22 " " " 
23!. Station 
26.. " 
27.. Yancey's 
27. .Fort Yellowstone 
28.. Station 
29.. Yancey's 
30. . Fort Yellowstone .... 
31.. Station 
To — Game seen. 
.Devil's Well 8 elk 
Fort Yellowstone 200 elk 
Slough Creek.. 1,000 elk 
Slough Creek Cabin 1,000 elk 
Boundary line, on creek 100 elk 
Hellroaring Cabin 20,000 elk 
Knowles Cabin and return 3,000 elk 
Fort Yellowstone 800 elk 
Fort Yellowstone 4,000 elk 
Hellroaring Cabin 600 elk 
Station 3,000 elk 
Station 8,000 elk 
Cache Creek 400 elk 
Trout Lake 200 elk 
Fort Yellowstone 2,000 elk 
Cache Creek 1,000 elk 
Chalcedony Creek 
Station 2,500 elk 
Willow Creek Cabin 400 elk 
East line of Park 18 elk 
Vicinity of cabin 8 elk 
Station 200 elk 
Fort Yellowstone.. 2,000 elk 
Yancey's 500 elk 
Fort Yellowstone ] 4 deer 
Station 800 elk 
Yancey's 1,500 elk 
Fort Yellowstone., i» 
Station 1,500 elk 
Trout Lake 8 elk 
This report covers only that section of the Park 
along the northern border, from the Mammoth Hot 
Springs to the eastern boundary. That portion of the 
Park where these elk were seen is the only good 
winter range that we have which is located within the 
limits of the Park, but reports from scouts, and other 
stations made at the same time as the one referred to 
above showed that many other large bands of elk win- 
tered in various parts of the Park. 
The chief winter range for the elk that summer in 
the southern part of the Park is located in or about 
the Teton Forest Reserve. It is therefore to be 
hoped that some day both this reserve and the entire 
Yellowstone Park Forest Reserve may be either in- 
cluded within the limits of the Park, or that they 
may be designated as game preserves. 
. ' Buffalo* 
Near the close of the last session of Congress I was 
called upon to submit an estimate of funds required to 
build a suitable inclosure, and to purchase from thirty 
to sixty buffalo, with a view to starting a new herd 
of these animals in the Park. The estimate submitted 
for this purpose amounted to $30,000. The appropria- 
tion which was made by Congress amounted to 
$15,000. 
Mr. C. J. Jones (better known as '"Buffalo Jones") 
arrived here on July 16, 1902, and in compliance with 
instructions from the honorable Secretary of the In- 
terior, reported to me for duty in the Park as game 
warden. Shortly after his arrival here we proceeded 
on a trip through the Park, with a view to determining 
the best place on which to construct a corral or in- 
closure for the buffalo, and after carefully examining 
and considering all of the available places in the 
Park, we finally agreed upon the place which was 
originally suggested by myself to the honorable Sec- 
retary of the Interior as the most suitable point on 
which to locate the corral or inclosure. 
It is situated about one mile from the Mammoth 
Hot Springs, and will afford considerable shelter and 
feed for the buffalo in the way of timber and grass 
during the winter. A fine stream of clear, cold water 
runs through it, and it is easy of access from this 
point at all times during the summer and winter. As 
soon as the location of the corral had been determined 
upon, steps were at once taken to proceed with the 
construction of the necessary wire fence. Proposals 
for the construction of the fence were solicited, but 
all bids received were so high that it was determined 
to purchase the material and set up the fence by day 
labor. Pending the construction of the fence, corre- 
spondence was had with all of the owners of pure- 
bred buft'alo in the United States, with a view to as- 
certaining at what price per head they could be se- 
cured and delivered in sound condition in the corral 
to be constructed. 
The necessary Page woven wire fencing was pur- 
chased, and the fence is now completed and ready to 
receive any buffalo that may be purchased. A con- 
tract has been entered into for the delivery in the 
corral of fifteen cows from the AUard herd, located 
on the Flathead Agency, in Montana, and three bulls 
from the Goodnight herd, in Texas. 
In addition to the large corral that has been con- 
structed near the Mammoth Hot Springs, a small 
corral has been constructed on Pelican Creek, 
with a view to capturing therein the few re- 
maining in the Park. During the past winter 
we succeeded in locating twenty-two of these 
animals on the head of Pelican Creek, and 
there are probably a fey more that we were unable 
to find. This herd is exceedingly wild, and will 
probably never increase in size, and may possibly die 
out completely. It is thought that we can catch up 
some of the young animals of this herd during the 
ensuing winter, and bring them in to this point and 
turn them out in the inclosure with the other buffalo 
that are to be purchased. 
It is my opinion that if we succeed in raising a new 
herd of buffalo under fence they will become very 
tame, and when the herd is sufficiently increased in 
numbers we can gradually turn them loose in the 
Park, and they will become so accustomed to seeing 
people about them that when turned loose they will 
not be frightened out of the country or driven into 
the high mountains by the appearance of the summer 
tourist. 
It is considered desirable to introduce new blood 
in the new herd to be started in the Park, and it is 
with this view that part of this herd is purchased from 
the animals located on the Flathead Agency and part 
from the Goodnight herd in Texas. 
This mixture of blood will further be increased by 
the capture of a few animals from the wild herd that 
we now have in the Park. 
It is our intention to feed and handle the new herd 
of buffalo in the same manner that domestic cattle 
are handled in this country, and before turning them 
loose to brand them "U. S." in such a way that they 
can always be identified as United States property. 
Since writing the above, fourteen buffalo cows have 
been received in fine condition and safely located in' 
the inclosure built to receive them. Before turning 
them loose, they were branded "U. S." on the horn, in 
small letters, and on the left hip in large letters, such 
as are used in branding Government horses. 
The cows came from the Allard herd, and were 
delivered under contract with Mr. Howard Eaton, of 
Medora, N. D. 
Mr. C. J. Jones has gone to Texas for the purpose 
of selecting three buffalo bulls from the Goodnight 
herd, and they will probably be delivered in the Park 
some time before the end of October. 
From Chipmunk to Moose. 
I have just finished reading the score or more of in- 
teresting contributions in the last number of Forest and 
Stre.\m, and pause to consider which of its many breezy 
articles has afforded me the greater amount of satisfac- 
tion, and as my mind reverts to the various epistles, each 
rtplete with much that is attractive, indeed I may say 
lovable, the thought occurs to me, "What have I done in 
the way of contributing to this fund of sportsmen's fire- 
side good things?" 
The reply may be briefly stated in a single word — 
nothing. _ Is this quite fair, I ask myself, for one who 
began with the single muzzleloader, taken for a debt 
by my father, at the fabulous price of two dollars, and 
presented me as a Christmas gift in 1865, and with which, 
commencing with the chipmunk, skillfully brought to bag 
from the corner of an old worm fence, I advanced step 
by step until one crisp October morning, having lain 
awake nearly all the previous night, in blissful anticipa- 
tion of a test of skill with the wary gray squirrel, I suc- 
ceeded in "out-cunninging him," and returned with him 
snugly stored in my coat pocket — barring the streaming 
tail, which carefully trailed like a yacht's pennant at full 
length outside, and why? Surely no boy need be asked 
that question, it is pride, pure unadulterated pride. In 
this case it was justifiable, too, for has not my older 
brother on previous occasions accomplished this mighty 
task? And now I need no longer look up to him as a 
mightier nimrod than myself, I feel myself on an equal 
footing with him, in all matters, and in future, when the 
dinner pail containing the school-day lunch for three is 
opened by him, and the three .pieces of pie are carefully 
"sized up," and the largest is appropriated by him, I 
dare for the first time in my life protest against his taking 
a bite from the apex of mine, and insist henceforth on 
fair play. And does he accord it? He docs, and wisely 
throwing off his feeling of superiority, accepts me as a 
full partner; and in future these wondrous hunting ex- 
peditions are conducted by mutual consent by the "full 
board." 
And of the nearly twoscore succeeding years, their 
various successes and failures, much may be told, for I 
have had my full share of the various field sports the 
country affords- — of quail and partridge shooting — of 
angling for the speckled trout, the black bass and pickerel. 
I have camped in the mighty forests of Maine, and of 
Canada, during the banner month of October for eleven 
years, and have my quota of moose, caribou and deer 
heads in their several ports of honor about my home. 
An interesting bit of history, of pursuit and conquest, 
accompanies each individual trophy, often affording me 
generpus ppmfort in the v^trpspective, and might it 
