214 
FOREST <» AND STREAM. 
March 14, igo3.J 
Salmo Mykiss in Europe. 
BY SIEGFRIED JAFFE. 
The following interesting article is abstracted from 
the Bulletin de la Societe Centfale d' Agriculture et de 
Peche for January, 1903 : 
Several years ago my attention was called by Dr. 
Schillinger to the interest which would attend the in- 
troduction into Europe of the black spotted trout 
(Salmo mykiss vel clarkii), which he had observed dur- 
ing a trip in the Rocky Mountains. 
I determined, therefore, to attempt the acclimatation 
of this species, known also as cutthroat trout, but the 
United States Fish Commission at Washington, in- 
stead of encouraging me in my project, endeavored to 
turn me from it, because it was thought to be very diffi- 
cult if not impossible to bring the living eggs of the 
cutthroat trout to Eurone. This is because of the 
great rapidity with which these eggs hatch; for 
scarcely sixteen days elapse from the tune of fertiliza- 
tion to the time of hatching. Also, the eggs must be 
carried three or four days on muleback from the 
heights, where thej' are taken, to the nearest fish hatch- 
ery, at Leadville, where they are put to hatching. 
Then if they prove to have been fertilized, they must 
be safely packed for their long journey, and when this 
has been done there only remain about seven days be- 
fore the time of hatching for them to journey over the 
immense distance which separates Leadville from the 
European port, and which, by the most rapid means 
The hatching of these eggs succeeded well, and at 
the beginning of October the fry obtained already 
measured from 6 to 10 centimeters in length. 
Actually, therefore, we now possess here more than 
5,000 adult specimens from the first shipment of eggs, 
and there exist besides about 6,000 in the fishcultural 
establishment of Bavaria. 
I therefore confidently anticipate a good yield of 
eggs in 1903, and am very hopeful that I shall have 
the pleasure of sending a lot to Nid-de-Verdier, so that 
the rearing of this species may be attempted in France. 
Paddle Wheels for Ditches. 
To Prevent Destruction of Fish by Irrigating Ditches. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
In Forest and Stream of February 14, is an article 
with the caption "Montana Game and Fish Interests," 
giving extracts from the semi-annual report of the State 
Warden, Mr. W. F. Scott. I wish to call attention to 
certain portions of said report. He says : "It is a matter 
of serious regret that no practical method has been 
adopted to prevent the great loss of trout which escape 
through the irrigating canals and ditches out on to the 
land, and perish, during the irrigating season, other than 
the common wire mesh screen which clogs up and retards 
the flow of water in the spring and autumn when drift 
matter and 'leaves are brought down by the current of the 
stream." 
\ 
\ 
Cross secVior\ o^J^a^Mi'\X\\<ie.V 
1, eight-sided shaft. 2, arms, nailed or screwed on. 3, paddles. 4, braces between the arms. 
of travel, can hardly be covered in less than thirteen 
days. 
To overcome the difficulty, I had made a special 
box on a special model in which the eggs could be 
packed immediately after being taken and fertilized, 
and in which their hatching might go on during the 
journey. The eggs of Salmo mykiss, however, being 
very delicate, it was necessary to take special precau- 
tions to keep them from contact with the water of the 
. melting ice, which would have destroyed them. 
This method of packing consisted of two boxes, one 
within the other. The eggs were separated in little 
trays, each holding about i,ooo. 
Such an apparatus having been prepared, a shipment 
of eggs of the cutthroat trout was made me in 1899. 
These eggs were put in the apparatus as soon as pos- 
sible after fecundation, left Leadville May i, New \ork 
May 4 and reached Bremerhaven the 14th. During 
the journey across the Atlantic on the steamer of 
Lloyd's Steamship Co., a little ice was introduced into 
the apparatus every two days and kept it cool. This 
was renewed the last time on the arrival of the eggs 
at Bremerhaven, and on the 15th of May the 10,000 
eggs reached me at Sandford, having suffered only 
about a ten per cent, loss during the journey. 
Hatching followed almost immediately, and was over 
by the 25th of May; and with the purpose of increasing 
the chances of acclimatation, I sent about half the fry 
obtained to the fishculture establishment of Munich. 
The fish did well. They have now become adult, and 
have given us this year the first yield of eggs. 
According to a report sent me the first of last June 
by the president of the Societe Bavaroise de Pisci- 
culture, the stripping made at the fishculture station 
at Neufhaven, was 4,000 eggs. Some specimens of the 
frv from these eggs were sent to the Exposition at 
Vienna last September, and there obtained the first 
prize. . 
The United States Fish Commissioner was good 
enough to send this year a second shipment of eggs, 
which, having left Mera, Col., the loth of last July, 
reached me the 25th of the same month in perfect con- 
dition. Of 20,000, only 148 died en route. The ap- 
paratus employed for the journey was the same model 
as that used during the first shipment, except that the 
space reserved for putting in the ice was a little 
smaller. 
It is both disheartening and discouraging to the western 
fishculturist to know that millions of fish, both large and 
smiall, annually perish through being stranded on the 
meadows and grain fields as the result of unscreened 
ditches. He sees a large percentage of the work of the 
United States and State Fish Commissions go for naught 
, from this cause. 
The hardship entailed by the use of the common wire 
mesh screen exists more in imagination than in reality, 
for during the season of irrigation in the summer the 
streams are clear of leaves and trash. "In the spring and 
autumn when drift matter and leaves are brought down 
by the current of the stream," the head gates of the 
ditches could be closed, for at those seasons rain or snow 
usually furnishes all the water needed for the crops. 
But in order to provide a contrivance "which will not 
injure or work a hardship on the farmer, and at the same 
time put an end to this widespread destruction," I have 
devised an arrangement to be put in at the intake of 
ditches that is as effective as a screen, but which is not 
open to its objections, as it permits the passage of such 
matter as would clog a screen, and at the same time 
it prevents fish from entering the ditch. I understand 
that some such device is successfully used in Colorado, 
hnt I have not been able to obtain the particulars of its 
construction. 
My device is very simple, consisting merely of a short 
flume at the head of the ditch, with sufficient fall to 
operate an eigh-bladed paddle wheel, fitting the flume 
closely. The width and depth of the flume, and the size 
of the paddle wheel would be governed by the width and 
depth of the ditch. If very wide a double flume and two 
wheels could be used. In large ditches two old wagon 
wheels could be utilized by affixing paddles to the spokes. 
The bearings of the shaft should work in vertical slots, 
so that any hard substance could pass under the paddles 
by raising the wheel. The continual splashing of the 
paddles would be effectual in frightening fish or fry and ' 
prevent their passage. But to make assurance doubly 
sure, a barrel-shaped frame covered with woven wire of 
very small mesh, and fitting the flume closely, could be 
operated as a revolving screen, by utilizing the paddle 
wheel as a motor. The pulleys to each should be placed 
on the shafts just outside of the flume, with the belt 
crossed so as to cause the wheel and screen to revolve in 
opposite directions, the revolving screen, of course, being 
at the entrance of the ditch. This forms a self-cleaning 
screen, all leaves and trash being carried over, while the. 
smallest fish fry are prevented from passing it. I think, 
however, that the paddle wheel alone would answer th^ 
purpose very effectually. 
The annexed rough drawings may make the device an4 
its construction more easily understood. For very shal- 
low ditches the paddles might be nailed directly to the 
octagon shaft. Farmers who are skilled in the use of 
tools might make a round shaft, with mortises for the 
arms of the wheel, but it would be no better or stronger 
than the simple one mentioned. 
James A. Henshall, 
U. S. Fish Commission. 
BczEMAN, Monta"a. 
Debsconeag Club Dinner. 
Suppose success don't come at first. 
What be you goin' to dew? 
Throw up the sponge an' kick yourself. 
An' go to feelin' blew? 
No, course yer hain't, yeur goin' ter fish, 
An' bait, an' bait again; 
Bimeby success will bite yeur hook, 
An' you will pull 'im in. 
This bit of philosophy, good for fisherman and layman, 
for fishing and for life, for recreation and for toil, was 
printed on one of the pages of the menu cards of the 
first annual dinner of the Debsconeag Fish and Game Club 
at the New York Yacht Club, where eighteen of the Deb- 
sconeags were guests of Mr. Edward A. Sumner. There 
was other inspiration on the menu — pictures of the 
Debsconeag familiar spots — Ambijejus, Rainbow, Milli- 
nocket, and others of like pleasant memory. There were 
present, Edward A. Sumner, Fred J. Hutchinson, of Bos- 
ton ; M. Elton Brown, of HoUis, N. Y. ; Ambrose G. 
Todd, New York; William H. Roberts and Walter P. 
Stokes, of Philadelphia; Theodore Victor, Gordon Merritt 
and William Cheel, of Ridgewood, N. J.; H. B. Plumb, 
of Brooklyn; Charles T. Hungerford, of New York; 
Clarence B. Moss, of Passaic, N. J. ; William R. Noone, 
of Boston ; Rufus B. Goffe, of Providence, R. I. ; M. R. 
Bingham, of Rome, N. Y. ; Merritt B. Miller and John B. 
Sumner, of New York, and Walter Place, of Oakville, 
Conn. 
Letters of regret were read from President Roosevelt, 
Senator Redfield Proctor and George M. Bowers, United 
States Fish Commissioner. The toasts were: America, 
"Flail to you, from us, your sons;" the President of the 
United States, "Hail to you from your clubmates," for 
President Roosevelt is an honorary member of the club; 
Debsconeagers and our guests, "Hail all ! Good health ! 
Long Life ! Happiness ! Nerve be to your rifle and skill 
to your rod The Flag, "Hail, stars of the night, bars of 
the light and white of God's own purity." 
There was some fisherman's luck in calling for 
responses. The name of each speaker upon a card was 
thrown into a bowl of punch, from which it was drawn by 
means of a rod, hook and line, the cast being made from 
the opposite end of the table. 
San Franckco Fly-Casting CItA. 
Saturday contest No. i, held at Stow Lake Feb. 
28. Wind, northeast; weather, fair: 
Event Event Event 
No. 1, No. 2, No. 4, 
Distance, Accuracy, , Event No. 8. . Lure 
Feet. Per cent. Acc. % Del. % Net % Casting < 
G. C. Edwards... 80 83.4 93 85 89 81.9 
A. E. Mocker... 99 .. 90.4 81.8 86 
T. C. KierulfE... 63 78.4 91 84.2 87.7 B9;5 
T. W. Brotherton 101 87 92.8 89 90.11 85.6 
H. Battu 84 90.8 91 85 88 68.1 
G. W. Lane 70 86 89 76.8 83.10 
T. AVatt 70 77 84 77.6 80.9 
C. R. Kenniff.... 97 90.8 91 &3.4 87.2 97.1 
W. E. Brooks... 93 89.4 89.4 90 89.8 
C. G. Young 90 88 93 90 91.6 
A. B. Can 94.4 91 85 88.4 
F. H. Reed 90 91 88.4 89.8 
Judges, Kierulff and Mocker; referee, Young; clerk, 
Brotherton. 
Sunday contest No. i, held at Stow Lake March 
I. Wind, northeast; weather, fair: 
T. W. Brotherton .. 91 93 90 91.8 
F. M. Haight... 65 84.8 87.4 75.10 81.4 
Dr. W. Brooks.. 97 93 92 91.8 91.10 
G. W. Lane 74 86 83.8 74.2 78.8 
C. G. Young.... 81 87 95 90 92.6 91 
C. R. KennifJ.... 98 91 92.8 95.10 94.3 98.4 
H. C. Golcher... 81 85.4 93.4 89.2 91.3 
H Battu 83 - 87.4 94.8 - 84.2 89.5 81.9 
C Klein 70 85.4 76.8 68.4 72.6 
T. B. Kenniff.... 87 92 90.8 94.2 92.5 96 
"Dr. F. J. Lane 80 82 74.2 73.1 
H. Dinkelspiel... 40 
W. D. Mansfield. .. 76 92 94.2 93.1 97.8 
T. C. Kierulff... 65 69 84.8 85 84.10 58.7 
A. M. Blade 66 64 81.4 74.2 77.9 
F. H. Reed 84 89 93.8 87.6 90.7 
Judges, Kierulff and Lane; referee, Blade; clerk, 
Brotherton. 
' he Mmml 
Flxtofes. 
March 12-14.— Coshocton, O.— Show of Coshocton Kennel Club. 
March 17-20.— Uhrichsville, O.— Show of Twin City Kennel Club. 
March 25-28. — Chicago. — Show of Chicago Kennel Club. 
March 30-3L— St. Louis.— Show of St. Louis Collie Club. 
March 31-April 3.— Buffalo, N. Y.— Show of Buffalo Kennel Club. 
April 1-4. — New Orleans, La. — Show of Southwestern Kennel 
Club. 
April 1-4.— Victoria, B. C— Show of Victoria Kennel Club. 
April 8-11.— Atlantic City, N. J.— Show of Atlantic City Kennel 
Club. 
May 29-30.— Hempstead, L. I.— Open air show of Ladies' Kennel 
Association of America. 
Nov. 3-6.— New York.— Annual show of Ladies' Kennel Associa- 
tion of America. _ ^ 
Danbufy Dog Show. 
Hempstead, L. L, March 5. — Kindly note that the Dan- 
bury Agricultural Society's Twenty-second Annual Dog 
Show will be held at the Fair Grounds, Danbury, Conn., 
on the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th of October next. Entries close 
September 22. James Mortimer, 
Superintendent. 
