FOREST . AND_STHEAM. 
the deer and began to Chew his rttick. 1 faded down the 
hill too fast, caught my foot in something and took a 
header. Soon we were shaking hands over the buck, 
I want to tell you he was a magnificent specimen of a 
blacktail. I'll show you his head when you come to see 
me. 
We found that my first shot had cut off his jugular 
vein and windpipe. The bullet had mushroomed and made 
a hole an inch and a half across on the far side. The 
other shot had hit his heart, a little too low for center, 
but that organ was simply pulverized and shattered. 
Lem congratulated me on my shooting. Then I wanted 
to get back to camp just as fast as possible to show my 
game and tell how I did it. No general ever marched 
in prouder tlian I did that day. My wife's eyes sparkled 
and the roses were in her cheeks. 
"Oh," said she, "how I would like to have been with 
you." "It was a pretty stiff climb," I says, "but by going 
around a little, and taking it easy, I think you could make 
it. So, if you think you can stand it, I will have a horse 
ready for you on our next hunt, and you will be one of 
the party." 
After that she was always by my side in about all our 
expeditions, and I want to say that I never had a more 
enthusiastic, patient and pleasant hunting companion. 
Now, old friend, that sounds as if I had gone back on 
you, but don't you think it. There wasn't a day that I did 
not wish you were with us, and 1 sincerely hope that I 
may have the pleasure of your good and ever welcome 
company, as well as the benefit of your true sportsman's 
inbred sagacity and instinct that has ever been so pleasant 
and welcome to me on many, many trips, in the future. 
And now, old chum, I must hold up on this and take a 
lay off. I have sat here all night long, living over again 
as I wrote them the many pleasant incidents of this 
glorious trip, till daylight is peeping in at me through my 
open window. If you enjoy the reading of this as much 
as I have enjoyed the writing of it, my time has indeed 
been well spent. 
But I cannot now complete my story of how we hunted 
the mountain lion and found the underground cave with 
its many wonders, its underground lake and its animal in- 
habitants. Nor how I killed my next buck. All that I 
leave for my next installment. 
So with best wishes for your health and happiness, I 
wish you a very good morning. 
Richard A, Paddock. 
— * — 
Amiable Bears. 
Most Sociable of all the Bronx Park Prisoners. 
"One half the world does not know how the other 
half lives" does not apply to human beings alone. If 
the saying were transposed and made to state that but 
a small portion of humanity — a very small part — realize 
how the members of the brute creation survive, by what 
means they do so, and what interesting material is to be 
gained by even a casual study of their species, it would 
be perhaps nearer the mark. 
But few of the visitors to the New York Zoological 
Park, commonly called the Bronx, as they pass the four- 
footed occupants, consider what strange animals there 
are in the collection, and what unexpected traits of in- 
telligence they possess. 
Animal keepers declare that every creature in their 
charge has the same individual characteristics and 
idiosyncrasies as persons. Mr. W. T. Hornaday, 
Director of the Park, says emphatically that wild anirnals 
have much more sense than they are generally credited 
with. Whether it is simply instinct or is an understand- 
ing gained by experience is a question. They learn 
enough to be able to gain sustenance and save their lives 
in time of peril. 
"It has been often said that a bear and a wolf know the 
range of a rifle," said Mr. Hornaday. "I saw two coyotes 
out west that knew I had no gun — but that is another 
story," he added, reflectively. 
"Of all the living creatures in the New York Zoological 
Park, some 2,000 in number, the most grateful and com- 
forting are the bears," continued Mr. Hornaday. "They 
make less trouble, better repay care, cause less anxiety, 
and yield more satisfaction per capita than the members 
of any other collection. Since' the starting of the bear 
collection in June, 1899, only one bear has been ill. One 
was executed by another and one was killed by a kind- 
hearted visitor with four peaches, fed on the sly. It is. 
a pleasure to keep animals which repay our care with 
good health, good temper and fine development. 
"Beyond question comfortable captivity, or what I call 
freedom in confinement, reveals many phases of animal 
nature which cannot be developed or observed in a state 
of entire freedom. The wisest animals are the most ap- 
preciative and the most philosophical. They study how 
to be happy though corraled; leave all fretting to be done 
by professional fretters, and mind their keepers. All this 
is when under proper conditions, remember. Of a bear 
roaming free in a big, sunny yard, climbing, swimming, 
skylarking and romping with several jolly companions, 
and never teased with food, much may be expected. But 
of a bear in an 8x10 cage, a solitary prisoner in a miser- 
able, sloppy, stinking cell — cribbed and confined in per- 
petual violence to every sense and desire save appetite — 
what can you ask? Such an animal is but one remove 
from a well mountd skin in a museum. In fact, a dead 
animal finely mounted is better than a live one badly kept ; 
for the latter is a sin against nature. 
"In nineteen cases out of every twenty, a bear that is 
taken young, properly denned and intelligently cared for, 
promptly becomes a thing of beauty and a joy as long as 
he lives. No man who knows anything about bears pre- 
fers to capture them when full grown, and keep them alive 
in his zoological garden. The most terrible incarnation of 
fury which I ever saw was a newly caught, full grown 
grizzly. The worst black leopard ever caged was a lamb 
in comparison to him. The longer he remained in cap- 
tivity the angrier he got; and at last he died of an over- 
dose of misery and a broken heart. • 
"When beats afe Caught young and reared in Captivity, 
under proper conditions, everything good in them is de- 
veloped and stimulated and the bad traits are correspond- 
ingly dwarfed. Take the grizzly. As the wild animal to 
be hunted and killed on his native mountains, his reputa- 
tion is very bad. Everywhere, save in the Yellowstone 
Park, he is an Ishmaelite, his hooked fist against every 
man, and every gunner against him. No time has he to 
show his real nature. He can only eat, run and fight. 
But in the reservation mentioned, a wonderful fact has 
been developed. Even in a wild state a grizzly is not 
dangerous when he is let alone. He haunts the hotels and 
tourists' camps and steals food whenever he can, but thus 
far, despite a thousand opportunities, he has harmed no 
one!" 
So, indeed, by far the most amusing part of the great 
zoological show is the bear department. Happier and 
more playful creatures than these bears it would be diffi- 
cult to imagine. They arc much more interesting than 
those in Central Park, because they have more room; 
they display greater variety and are in greater numbers. 
Nowadays the majority of them are feeling just right. 
In fact, so continuously are they playing tricks and 
pranks on one another and going through all sorts of 
antics, that the public suspicion is often aroused to the 
point of asking whether they haven't been trained to do 
these things. Not one of them has been trained; it is 
all pure animal spirits. The grizzlies in the center at- 
tract the most attention. They are big, clean-furred, 
hard-muscled fellows and their growth has been as rapid 
and satisfactory in every way as if they had been in their 
own native wilds. They will come shambling to the front 
at a call and sit there blinking with solemn good nature, 
or poke their big noses between the bars as a sugges- 
tion that if you have anything good to eat in your 
pockets they would be glad to pass judgment upon it. 
Prohibitive signs all over the place warn persons against 
feeding the animals or throwing anything whatsoever into 
the cages, but the crowd around the bears the other day 
made an exception in favor of peanuts. So did the bears. 
All of them lined up in front of the pit and wagged their 
noses so suggestively that many a peanut, originally de- 
signed for the delectation of the buyer, found its way to 
the big fellovifs, to be promptly and appreciatively 
crunched up and swallowed, shell and all. One small boy 
of six years or thereabouts became so interested in con- 
tributing that before he knew it his paper bag was empty 
and he was led away bawling. 
The deftness with which a bear will pick up in his 
clumsy paw and transfer to his mouth so small an object 
as a peanut is extraordinary. Some of the spectators 
tried the experiment of shelling the nuts and tossing in 
only the edible kernel. In this case the nearest bear 
would run out a big red tongue, lick up the dainty and 
poke out his nose for more. The only member of the 
bruin family that fared poorly the other day was the little 
yearling. Every time a peanut was thrown toward him 
one of the big bears who stood next to him would growl 
out: "That's not good for a small bear," or words to 
that effect, and would gobble it himself. Finally a peanut 
was thrown almost under him, and he promptly sat down 
on it by way of concealment until a favorable opportunity 
of snatching it up should occur. In vain. The predatory 
neighbor came over and growled. In reply the little fel- 
low ventured to growl a bit himself. The next instant he 
went whirling head over heels from the force of a whack 
on the side of the head. The bigger bear ate the peanut, 
while the little fellow whimpered in a corner. 
In the center of their pit is a deep pool, in which floats 
a large knotted log. Two of the bears are at that log 
nearly all the time, playing water polo with it. One will 
hit it a bat with a huge paw, sending it rolling across the 
pool, where it will be met with a swing from the other 
bear that rolls it back again. Suddenly both bears will 
make a dive for it; and the next instant the air will be 
full of waving paws and water will be splashed for yards 
around until after the "mix-up," when two great shaggy 
faces will reappear above the surface and one could al- 
most swear that the faces wore a grin. 
Meantime two of the other grizzlies are having a 
wrestling match. They are about of a size, and to see 
them run at each other open-mouthed with their white 
teeth gleaming one would suppose that when the matter 
was settled the Zoological Society would be out one speci- 
men of Ursus horribilis. Nothing of the sort. The sav- 
age teeth close on the thick fur of the neck, the two 
contestants rise on their hind legs and grapple, and 
presently over they roll, panting and grunting and snort- 
ing with glee, while the others look on approvingly, and 
perhaps lay a side bet on the contest. After a fall they 
nose around and shake themselves and rub against the 
side of the pit until they happen to meet nose to nose, 
when they grapple again. They never lose their tempers, 
and when one of them gets tired of the play a little growl 
apprises the other, who promptly stops and lies down to 
rest. 
The writer was present the other day when Keeper 
Mulvehill went into their cage to sweep it out. Naturally 
the crowd* of onlookers was much interested when he 
came to unlock the door, and looked to see him provide 
himself with a club or iron rod or some other means of 
protection should the beasts attack him. The only thing 
he carried in with him, however, was his broom. All of 
the bears were lined up at the front bars, but when he 
entered they politely waddled away, leaving the coast 
clear; all except the little bear, who came around and 
rubbed against him and wanted to be friendly. The 
keeper paid not the slightest attention to any of the ani- 
mals, not even taking the precaution of keeping his eye 
on them, nor did they seem much if any more interested 
in him. They accepted him as a matter of course. Once 
when he went over to dip his broom in the water one of 
the two medium sized grizzlies, who are the liveliest and 
most playful of the lot, ambled toward him. The man 
flirted a shower of drops from the wet broom into bruin's 
face and that animal promptly made a mild pass at the 
instrument, then sat down and washed his face with his 
paws. 
The polar bears in the next pit spend nearly all their 
time in the pool, which they nearly fill with their huge 
bulk. They have a wooden ball to play with, and the 
chief object of the game seems to be tO' keep it submerged. 
Whenever it pops up they both whack at it at once ; then, 
as likely as not, they forget the ball, clinch and both dis- 
appear beneath the surface. Presently one of them comes 
up and occupies himself with pawing down the other 
until it seems as if the under bear must be on the Verge 
of drowning. All that one sees of him is an occasional 
pinkish paw waving signals of distress, and the curve of 
his back through a swirl of water. Then up comes the 
white head and one is amazed to see that he isn't even 
gasping for brenth. There was one period of a trifle over 
a minute that one of the polars was submerged while 
the writer was watching, and all that time he was strug- 
gling at a rate to breathe any creature, but he was ap- 
parently perfectly comfortable when he came up, and 
promptly proceeded to put his companion down. They 
are beautifully white and clean looking fellows, and seem 
to be in as fine condition as the grizzlies. 
On the further side of the grizzly cage are the black 
bears and Japanese bears. The latter are quiet fellows 
and don't pay much attention to their fellow citizens. 
Both of the black bears were brought up in captivity and 
fed on sweets and ice cream, which is very bad for little 
bears, and in consequence their growth has been stunted, 
and it is doubtful whether they will ever be more than 
anything but dwarfs. But they are as lively as crickets, 
and one of them is possessed of an abiding curiosity. He 
loves to climb up the side of his cage that adjoins the 
grizzly cage and look down on the grizzlies. Maybe he 
would climb right over there if there weren't ingrowing 
spikes at the top to prohibit such visits, and then there 
wouldn't be any more black bear. The grizzlies always 
come over and rear up to meet him, and he clings like 
a fly to the wire side of the pit above their heads and 
makes faces at them. When he isn't doing that, he is 
showing off his paces around the pit, for he has a great 
conception of his ability as a runner. 
When the cinnamon bear and the Kadiak bear get to 
wrestling, as tliey do nearly every day, there is no end 
of fun. The other day they wrestled right on the edge of 
the water pool in their cage, and the Kadiak rolled his 
huge friend head over heels into the water. Then he 
stood on the edge and seemed to jeer. The cinnamon 
struggled and sputtered, and one seemed to hear the pro- 
fanity that he let loose. To add insult to injury the 
Kadiak refused to wrestle any more with his chum until 
he dried off; so Brownie chased him all around the pen 
trying to corner him, while the grizzlies looked on with 
evident amusement. 
This Kadiak is one of those rare bears who have their 
home on the long string of islands running out westward 
from Alaska, and until a few years ago it was considered 
one of the great tasks of the naturalists to get a live 
specimen of this splendid brute. The management of 
Bronx Park are very proud of their specimen, which was 
born near Cook's Inlet, Alaska, in 1899. 
Iri the middle cage there is never any end to the 
frolic. The brown bear is the prize buffoon, and his 
particular friends are the two cubs, black and brown. 
He plays the star in the daily variety show, and they 
support him. He lies down and they roll all over him. 
pull his ears, make tats of his long-hair, chew his 
throat, and maul him generally. 
The other day the small brown cub was manifestly 
homesick. He went pacing restlessly up and dow'n his 
cage, refused to eat, simply could not bring himself 
to play. His big friend tried every way to coax him 
into some garne, but all to no avail. He moped and 
moped, and was as sad as any little brown bear could 
be who longed for home so that he thought his heart 
would break. Even the mournful old bear from 
Borneo, who thinks this is a beastly cold country, tried 
to cheer him up, telling him, in all probability, that he 
himself was about 5,000 miles from home and never 
expected to see Borneo again. Of course this did not 
make the baby bear any more happy. At last the small 
black bear just about his own size, succeeded in doing 
just what all the other bears could not do. He had 
respectfully stayed in the background while his elders 
were trying to fix things, but when they failed be 
came out and coaxed his lonesome chum into a game 
of chase around the pen and up the dead tree. The 
old bears sat around and approved, though the big 
brown bear was evidently jealous. After that the little 
exile was all right again. 
There is no animal of them all, not even excepting 
the monkey, whose antics and games recall more vivid- 
ly to the stroller's mind the characteristics and weak- 
nesses of the human animal than do those of the bears. 
For instance, they are never satisfied with the good 
thnigs that they get, but they always think that the 
particular steak or loaf of bread which has fallen to 
their neighbor is a much nicer and better steak or loaf 
than their own. For that reason they constantly change 
around from portion to portion during meal time. Very 
seldom does bruin sit down and eat his meal without 
some of these shifts. 
The bears' nursery at the Park is a- big yard, with a 
tree to climb, a. swimming pool, three sleeping dens 
and a rock cliff. It seldom contains fewer than six 
cubs. It is considered a test of courage and temper 
to turn a new bear into that roystering crowd. Usual- 
ly a newcomer is badly scared his first day in the nursery 
and very timid during the next. But grizzlies are 
different. They are born full of courage, and devoid of 
all sense of fear. 
Director Hornaday tells that when Cyclone's travel- 
ing box was opened, and he found himself free in the 
nursery, he stalked deliberately to the center of the 
stage, halted, and calmly looked about him. His air 
and, manner said as plainly as English: 
"I'm a grizzly from Alaska, and I've come to stay. 
If any of you fellows think there is anytliing coming 
to you from me, come and take it!" 
Little Czar, a very saucy but good-natured European 
brown bear cub, walked up and aimed a sample blow 
at Cyclone's left ear. Quick as a flash out shot Cy- 
clone's right paw, as only a grizzly can strike, and 
caught the would-lae hazer on the side of the head. 
Amazed and confounded. Czar fled in wild haste. Next 
in order, a black bear cub, twice the size of Cyclone, 
made a pass at the newcomer, and he, too, received so 
fierce a counter charge that he ignominiously quitted 
the field, and scrambled to the top of the cliff. 
Cyclone conscientiously met every attack, real or 
feigned, that was made upon him. In less than an 
hour it was understood by every bear in the nursery 
that that queer looking gray fellow with the broad 
