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THE ZOOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. 
[UPPER 
Cases 21-51 contain the Carnivorous Quadrupeds, distinguished 
by the sharpness and trenchant form of some of their molars, the 
tubercles projecting from others, and the large size of the canine 
teeth. They are particularly organized to feed on flesh ; most of 
them catch and kill their prey. The Cats, or Feline Animals, 
with their retractile claws ; the Lion of Africa and Asia ; the striped 
Tiger of India; the spotted Leopards of Africa and Asia, at home 
among trees; the fierce Jaguar of South America; the long- tailed 
Ounce with its thick fur, found even among the snows of the Himalaya. 
The sharp-eyed Lynx with its tufted ears; the Cheetah, or Hunting 
Leopard, trained in India to bring down game, and for that purpose 
carried hoodwinked, till an Antelope or other game is in sight, when, 
on the blinders being removed, the Cheetah pursues and springs on the 
animal. 
Cases 30 and 31. The Hyaenas, noted for their extreme voracity, and 
the loud howling they make at night; they feed chiefly on carrion. 
Case 32. The Civets, which secrete in a pouch a peculiar substance 
used as perfume. The Genets, Lingsang, Basaris, and Ichneumons 
prey upon the smaller quadrupeds and birds, and are fond of sucking 
the eggs of reptiles and birds. The Surikate is readily tamed. Cases 
37-42. The Dogs which walk with the claws exposed; the ferocious 
Wolves hunt their prey in packs ; the Jackals wander about at night and 
feed on carrion : their howling is frightful. The Foxes, with sharp muz- 
zles and bushy tails, are proverbial for their cunning : a species is found 
in the Arctic regions, which turns white in winter. The African 
Otocyon and Fennec, with their enormous ears. Of the Dogs, one of 
the most interesting is the Esquimaux Dog, so indispensable to the 
northern tribes during their long journeys over the snow. Case 43. 
The Weasels, well adapted by their slenderness to creep into holes 
where they find their prey. Some of the best furs are derived from 
this tribe ; in Siberia and North America, the Sable and Ermine are 
regularly trapped during the winter for their skins. Case 44. The 
Wolverene, a very astute and ferocious animal, said to master even the 
large Elk, on which it drops ; the Cape Ratel, whose favourite food is 
honey, in getting which it shows a peculiar instinct ; the Badgers, very 
strong creatures living in holes which they dig in the ground ; the 
Skunks derive their name (Mephitis) from the odious smell which they 
emit when provoked : they are natives of America. 
Case 45. The Otters, with their webbed feet and long fish-like bodies, 
inhabit rivers and lakes, and live on fish ; the skin of the American 
Sea Otter is greatly valued by the Chinese as a fur. 
Cases 45-50. The Bears are named Plantigrade from walking on 
the soles of their feet, unlike the Dogs, which are Digitigrade, or walk 
on their toes. These animals are more frugivorous than carnivorous ; 
but the Polar Bear, the tyrant of the Arctic seas, lives chiefly on 
fish diet. The tropical Bears have generally short fur and long 
tongues. Most of the Bears can climb well, and balance themselves 
on the hind logs with ease. The American Ptaccoon has been called 
Lotor, or the Washer, from its habit of dipping its food in water before 
