FLOOR.] 
FIRST EGYPTIAN ROOM. 
113 
and other materials, were worn as amulets, employed in 
private worship, or attached to the mummies of the dead. 
The upper row in the Cases contains the larger figures, the 
next those in bronze, the third those in porcelain, and in 
the lowest are the larger figures in various materials. Among 
them may be noticed the following : — 
Cases 1,2. Amenra (Jupiter), the principal deity of Thebes ; Ra 
(The Sun), the god worshipped at Heliopolis, or On ; Phtah (Vulcan), 
the divinity of Memphis ; the goddess Sekhet or Bast (Bubastis) ; and 
Neith (Minerva), the goddess of Sais, whence her worship is supposed 
to have been carried to Athens. Cases 3-5. Thoth (Mercury), the god 
of knowledge, and the reputed inventor of writing ; the goddess 
Sothis, or the Dog Star ; Osiris, the judge of the dead, his wife Isis, 
and their son Horus, three divinities who were worshipped throughout 
Egypt. Case 7. Anubis, the god of Embalming, and Bes, orTyphon, 
the impersonation of the principle of Evil. 
Cases 8-11. Representations of animals sacred to the various divini- 
ties, and which were also themselves worshipped, though the reverence 
paid to some of them varied considerably in different parts of the country. 
In Cases 8, 9, are quadrupeds, such as the Bull Apis, the jackal of 
Anubis, the cat of Sekhet or Bast, the cynocephalus, the lion, the 
goat, &c. In Cases 10, 11, birds, fishes, and reptiles, such as the 
hawk of Horus, the ibis of Thoth, fishes of various kinds, the croco- 
diles of Sebak, and the cobra di capello snake, or urasus. There are 
also sacred emblems, such as those of Life, Stability, &c. 
II. CIVIL SECTION. 
The remains of Egyptian dress, personal ornaments, and 
articles of domestic use, show the high civilization and even 
luxury to which the people had attained. 
In Cases 12, 13, are figures of kings and public functionaries, in 
bronze, ivory, or wood, principally found in tombs. The most remark- 
able are some finely carved figures of females, and a fine statuette in 
bronze, inlaid with silver, representing a king. 
Cases 14-19 contain household furniture, consisting of wooden head- 
rests, which served as pillows ; chairs with plaited cord bottoms ; stools, 
and folding seats ; some of them formed of ebony inlaid with ivory. 
With these is a model of a peasant's house, with granaries, in the court 
of which is seen a woman making bread ; the wig of an Egyptian 
lady of rank, and the box for holding it; a three-legged table, and 
other objects of a similar nature. 
Cases 20,21. Articles of dress and appliances for the toilet. Shelf 1 . 
A leather dress, a linen shirt, and a box to hold clothes. Shelf 2. 
Combs, hair-pins, ointment-vases, and apparatus for painting the eyes 
i 
