FLOOR.] 
MAUSOLEUM ROOM. 
83 
and heroes. The peristyle edifice which supported the pyra- 
mid was encircled by a frieze richly sculptured in high relief, 
and representing the battle of Greeks and Amazons. Remains 
have been found of three other friezes, one of which probably 
decorated the basement, and the other two the external walls 
of the cella. The monument was further adorned with many 
statues and groups, some of which probably stood between 
the columns, and with a number of lions which we may sup- 
pose to have been placed all round the edifice as guardians of 
the tomb. The four sides of the tomb were severally deco- 
rated by four celebrated artists of the later Athenian school, 
Skopas, Leochares, Bryaxis, Timotheos. A fifth sculptor, 
Pythis, who seems to be the same as Pythios, the architect of 
the Mausoleum, made the chariot group on the apex of the 
pyramid. The material of the sculptures was Parian marble, 
and the whole structure was richly ornamented with colour. 
The tomb of Mausolos was of the class called by the Greeks 
heroon, and so greatly excelled all other sepulchral monuments 
in size, beauty of design, and richness of decoration, that it 
was reckoned one of the Seven "Wonders of the ancient world, 
and the name Mausoleum came to be applied to all similar 
monuments. 
The remains of the Mausoleum in this Room consist of — 
I. SCULPTURES IN THE ROUND. 
No. 1. Two portions of the colossal horses from the chariot group 
on the apex of the pyramid. 
No. 2. A statue, believed to be that of Mausolos himself, and to 
belong to' the chariot group. 
No. 3. A statue, believed to be from the same group, probably 
representing the goddess who acted as charioteer to Mausolos, or 
Artemisia herself when deified. 
No. 4. Part of an equestrian group, representing a warrior in 
Persian costume. 
No. 5. A seated male figure draped in a chiton and mantle. 
No. 6. Torso of a male figure clad in a chiton. 
No. 7. A colossal female head. 
No. 8. Part of a head of Apollo. 
No. 9. Part of a bearded head. 
No. 10. A youthful male head, probably of a hero. 
No. 11. A number of fragments of lions, standing in watchful 
Q 2 
