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EGYPTIAN ANTIQUITIES. 
[upper 
at Thehes, and that of a queen, — The remaining sculptures represent 
chiefly the king and his officers. — Between the columns, at the entrance 
to the Northern Gallery, are, on one side, a granite statue of Rameses 
II., erected by King Menephtah, from Karnak; and on the other, a 
wooden statue of King Sethos I. 
NORTHERN GALLERY. 
The larger sculptures in the Northern Gallery belong to the 
I8th dynasty, during whose rule Egypt was in a state of great pros- 
perity. It commenced with the expulsion of the Hyksos, or Shepherd 
Kings, from Lower Egypt, and its monarchs extended their conquests 
into Ethiopia and Asia, and built great edifices at Thebes. The close 
of this dynasty was troubled by disturbances, caused by a heresy in the 
Egyptian religion, called that of the Disk-worshippers, which has left 
its traces on several monuments in the collection. The principal 
sculptures,proceeding Northwards, are as follows: — Two statues in black 
granite of King Horus, one representing him under the protection of 
the godAmen-ra. — Two red granite lions, one having upon it the name 
of King Araenophis III., the other that of one of his successors, as well 
as the name of an Ethiopian monarch; from Mount Barhal in 
Nubia. — The head of a colossal ram, from an avenue of ram-headed 
sphinxes, which led to a gateway built by King Horus at Karnak. — 
Two seated statues in black granite of King Amenophis III.; Thehes. — 
A sandstone tablet recording the passage of Amenophis III. into 
Ethiopia, the extent of his conquests, and the number of the prisoners 
and slain; Semneh. — A column, with a capital in the form of lotus 
buds, inscribed with the names of Amenophis HI. and two later kings ; 
Cairo. — Two colossal heads, representing Amenophis III., found 
near the statue called the "Vocal Memnon," at Thehes. — Several 
statues of the cat-headed goddess Sekhet or Pasht (Bubastis), inscribed 
with the name of the same monarch ; Karnak. — A black granite sculp- 
ture representing a boat, in which is seated Queen Mautemua, wife of 
Thothmes IV., and mother of Amenophis III. — In the centre of 
the Gallery is a colossal head of King Thothmes III., discovered 
by Belzoni near the granite sanctuary at Karnak : near the head 
is the arm of the same figure, — A monument sculptured on four 
sides ; upon it is represented in bas-relief King Thothmes III., sup- 
ported by the god Muntra and the goddess Athor ; Karnak. — Small 
limestone statue of the prince Anebni, dedicated by Thothmes III. — In 
the central recess of the East side of the Gallery is fixed the tablet of 
Abydos, an inscription of great value in determining the names and 
succession of the kings of various dynasties. It appears originally to 
have commemorated an offering made by Rameses II. to his predecessors 
on the throne of Egypt; and was discovered by Mr. W. Bankes, in 
a chamber of the temple of Abydos, in 181 8. In the same part of the 
Gallery are placed some fine specimens of Egyptian painting, repre- 
senting Osiris, Amenophis I., the queen Nefertari, the tributes of 
Asiatics and negroes, jewellers at work, banqueting scenes, fowling, 
and other subjects of ordinary Egyptian life. 
