80 GREEK ANTIQUITIES. [GROUND 
green basalt perforated at the bottom ; an oblong granite basin ; 
several alabaster vases. 
Returning to the head of the staircase, the door on the left 
leads to the 
LYGIAN ROOM. 
This Room being now in course of re-arrangement, is closed to the 
Public. 
Between the Lycian and Mausoleum Rooms is a small Ante-room, 
in which are on one side a seated figure of Demeter, two pigs dedi- 
cated to Persephone, and several heads and other sculptures, all of 
which were found in the temenos of the Infernal Deities at Cnidas. 
(See Newton, Hist, of Discoveries, &c., II., Part 2, p. 375.) 
In the opposite recess are an Iconic female figure, from the temenos 
of Demeter, Cnidus ; a head of which the eyes formerly contained 
enamel; a torso, perhaps of the nymph Cyrene, found at Cyrene 
(See Smith and Porcher, Discoveries, &c., pp. 91-8.) and a disk, with 
relief representing Apollo and Artemis destroying the family of 
Niobe on Mount Sipylos. From Rome. 
MAUSOLEUM ROOM. 
In this room are arranged the remains of the Mauso- 
leum at Halicarnassus, erected by Artemisia, about B.C. 
352, over the remains of her husband, Mausolos, Prince 
of Caria, and discovered by Mr. Newton in ]8o7. It 
consisted of a lofty basement, on which stood an oblong 
Ionic edifice, surrounded by 36 Ionic columns, and sur- 
mounted by a pyramid of 24 steps. The whole structure, 
140 feet in height, was crowned by a chariot group in 
white marble, in which, probably, stood Mausolos himself, 
represented after his translation to the world of demigods 
and heroes. The peristyle edifice which supported the pyra- 
mid was encircled by a frieze richly sculptured in high relief, 
and representing the battle of Greeks and Amazons. Remains 
liave been found of three other friezes, one of which probably 
decorated the basement, and the other two the external walls- 
of the cella. The monument was further adorned with man j 
